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Vremenska ljestvica razvitka programskih jezika

Izvor: Wikipedija

Vremenska skala pokazuje razvoj najvažnijih programskih jezika po razdobljima.

Prethodnik Godina Naziv Razvio, Tvrtka

Prije 1950.

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* ~1837. Analytical Engine order code Charles Babbage i Ada Lovelace
* 1943. – 45. Plankalkül (concept) Konrad Zuse
* 1943. – 46. ENIAC coding system John von Neumann, John Mauchly, J. Presper Eckert, Herman Goldstine kasnije Alan Turing
ENIAC coding system 1946. ENIAC Short Code Richard Clippinger, John von Neumann kasnije Alan Turing
ENIAC coding system 1946. Von Neumann i Goldstine graphing system (Notacija) John von Neumann i Herman Goldstine
ENIAC coding system 1947. ARC Assembly Kathleen Booth
Analytical Engine order code 1948. CPC Coding scheme Howard H. Aiken
ENIAC coding system 1948. Curry notation system Haskell Curry
ENIAC Short Code 1949. Brief Code John Mauchly i William F. Schmitt
ENIAC Short Code 1949. C-10 Betty Holberton
CPC Coding scheme 1949. Seeber coding scheme (concept) Robert Seeber

1950. i dalje

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1950.

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Brief Code 1950. Short Code William F Schmidt, A.B. Tonik, J.R. Logan
ARC 1950. Birkbeck Assembler Kathleen Booth
Plankalkül 1951. Superplan Heinz Rutishauser
* 1951. ALGAE Edward A Voorhees i Karl Balke
Short Code 1951. Intermediate Programming Language Arthur Burks
EDSAC 1951. Regional Assembly Language Maurice Wilkes
Aiken CPC system 1951. Boehm unnamed coding system Corrado Böhm
Plankalkül 1951. Klammerausdrücke Konrad Zuse
Short Code 1951. OMNIBAC Symbolic Assembler Charles Katz
* 1951. Stanislaus (Notation) Fritz Bauer
EDSAC 1951. Whirlwind assembler Charles Adams i Jack Gilmore s MIT Project Whirlwind
EDSAC 1951. Rochester assembler Nat Rochester
* 1951. Sort Merge Generator Betty Holberton
C-10 and Short Code 1952. A-0 Grace Hopper
Aiken CPC 1952. Autocode Alick Glennie kasnije Alan Turing
SORT/MERGE 1952. Editing Generator Milly Koss
* 1952. COMPOOL RAND/SDC
* 1953. Speedcoding John W. Backus
* 1953. READ/PRINT Don Harroff, James Fishman, George Ryckman
* 1954. Laning and Zierler system Laning, Zierler, Adams s MIT Project Whirlwind
Glennie Autocode 1954. Mark I Autocode Tony Brooker
Speedcoding 1954. – 1955. FORTRAN "0" (concept) Voditelj tima John W. Backus iz IBM
A-0 1954. ARITH-MATIC Voditelj tima Grace Hopper at UNIVAC
A-0 1954. MATH-MATIC Voditelj tima Charles Katz
* 1954. MATRIX MATH H G Kahrimanian
* 1954. IPL I (concept) Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon
A-0 1955. FLOW-MATIC Voditelj tima Grace Hopper at UNIVAC
1955. BACAIC M. Grems and R. Porter
FORTRAN, A-2 1955. PACT I SHARE
Boehm 1955. – 56. Sequentielle Formelübersetzung Fritz Bauer i Karl Samelson
Laning and Zerler 1955-6 IT Voditelj tima Alan Perlis
1955. PRINT IBM
IPL I 1958. IPL II (implementation) Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon
IPL 1956. – 1958. LISP (concept) John McCarthy
FLOW-MATIC 1957. COMTRAN Bob Bemer
FORTRAN 0 1957. FORTRAN "I" (implementation) John W. Backus iz IBM
MATH-MATIC 1957-1958 UNICODE Remington Rand UNIVAC
* 1957. COMIT (concept)
FORTRAN I 1958. FORTRAN II Voditelj tima John W. Backus iz IBM
FORTRAN, IT and Sequentielle Formelübersetzung 1958. ALGOL 58 (IAL) ACM/GAMM
IPL II 1958. IPL V Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert Simon
* 1959. FACT Fletcher R. Jones, Roy Nutt, Robert L. Patrick
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN, FACT 1959. COBOL (concept) The CODASYL Committee
ALGOL 58 1959. JOVIAL Jules Schwartz at SDC
IPL 1959. LISP (implementation) John McCarthy
1959. TRAC (concept) Mooers

1960.

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ALGOL 58 1960. ALGOL 60
FLOW-MATIC, COMTRAN 1960 COBOL 61 (implementation) The CODASYL Committee
* 1961. COMIT (implementation)
FORTRAN II 1962. FORTRAN IV
* 1962. APL (concept) Iverson
ALGOL 58 1962. MAD Arden, et al.
ALGOL 60 1962. SIMULA (concept)
FORTRAN II, COMIT 1962. SNOBOL Griswold, et al.
ALGOL 60 1963. CPL Barron, Strachey, et al.
SNOBOL 1963. SNOBOL3 Griswold, et al.
ALGOL 60 1963. ALGOL 68 (concept) van Wijngaarden, et al.
ALGOL 58 1963. JOSS I Cliff Shaw, RAND
MIDAS 1964. MIMIC H. E. Petersen, et al.
CPL, LISP 1964. COWSEL Burstall, Popplestone
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN 1964. PL/I (concept) IBM
FORTRAN II, JOSS 1964. BASIC Kemeny i Kurtz
FARGO 1964. IBM RPG IBM
1964. Mark-IV Informatics
1964. TRAC (implementation) Mooers
1964.? IITRAN
JOSS 1965. TELCOMP BBN
JOSS I 1966. JOSS II Chuck Baker, RAND
ALGOL 60 1966. ALGOL W Niklaus Wirth, C. A. R. Hoare
FORTRAN IV 1966. FORTRAN 66
LISP 1966. ISWIM (Concept) Landin
ALGOL 60 1966. CORAL66
CPL 1967. BCPL Richards
FORTRAN, TELCOMP 1967. MUMPS Massachusetts General Hospital
* 1967. APL (implementation) Iverson
ALGOL 60 1967. SIMULA 67 (implementation) Dahl, Myhrhaug, Nygaard s Norsk Regnesentral
Lisp 1967. InterLisp D.G. Bobrow and D.L. Murphy
SNOBOL3 1967. SNOBOL4 Griswold, et al.
PL/I 1967. XPL W. M. Mckeeman, et al. at University of California Santa Cruz, California
J. J. Horning, et al. at Stanford University
ALGOL 60 1968. ALGOL 68 (UNESCO/IFIP standard) A. van Wijngaarden, B.J. Mailloux, J.E.L. Peck and Cornelis H. A. Koster, et al.
COWSEL 1968. POP-1 Burstall, Popplestone
DIBOL 1968. DIBOL-8 DEC
1968. FORTH (concept) Moore
LISP 1968. LOGO Papert
CRT RPS 1968. MAPPER Unisys
* 1968. REFAL (implementation) Valentin Turchin
ALGOL 60, COBOL, FORTRAN 1969. PL/I (implementation) IBM
BCPL 1969. B Ken Thompson, uz sudjelovanje Dennis Ritchiea
1969. PPL Thomas A. Standish s Harvard University
1969. SETL Jack Schwartz s Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences
1969. TUTOR University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

1970.

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1970.? FORTH (implementacija) Moore
POP-1 1970. POP-2
ALGOL 60, ALGOL W 1970. Pascal Wirth, Jensen
Pascal, XPL 1971. Sue Holt et al. s University of Toronto
SIMULA 67 1972 Smalltalk Xerox PARC
PL/I, ALGOL, XPL 1972 PL/M Kildall s Digital Research
B, BCPL, ALGOL 68 1972 C Dennis Ritchie
* 1972 INTERCAL Don Woods i James M. Lyon
2-level W-Grammar 1972 Prolog Colmerauer
Pascal, BASIC 1973 COMAL Christensen, Løfstedt
1973 ML Robin Milner
Pascal, Sue 1973 LIS Ichbiah et al. s CII Honeywell Bull
BASIC 1974 GRASS DeFanti
Business BASIC 1974 BASIC FOUR MAI BASIC Four Inc.
SETL 1975 ABC Leo Geurts i Lambert Meertens
LISP 1975 Scheme Sussman, Steele
BASIC 1975 Altair BASIC Gates, Allen
ALGOL 68, BLISS, ECL, HAL 1975 CS-4 Brosgol s Intermetrics
Pascal 1975 Modula Wirth
Smalltalk-72 1976 Smalltalk-76 Xerox PARC
Speakeasy-2 1976 Speakeasy-3 Stanley Cohen, Stephen Pieper s Argonne National Laboratory
C, FORTRAN 1976 Ratfor Kernighan
APL, PPL, Scheme 1976 S John Chambers iz Bell Labs
* 1977 FP John Backus
* 1977 Bourne Shell (sh) Bourne
Fortran 1977 IDL David Stern of Research Systems Inc
MUMPS 1977 Standard MUMPS
SNOBOL 1977 Icon (concept) Griswold
ALGOL 68, LIS 1977 Green Ichbiah et al. at CII Honeywell Bull za US Dept of Defense
ALGOL 68, CS-4 1977 Red Brosgol et al. at Intermetrics za US Dept of Defense
ALGOL 68, 1977 Blue Goodenough et al. sa SofTech za US Dept of Defense
ALGOL 68, 1977 Yellow Spitzen et al. at SRI International za US Dept of Defense
* 1978? MATLAB Moler na University of New Mexico
Algol60 1978? SMALL Brownlee na University of Auckland
Ingres 1978 SQL aka structured query language IBM
* 1978 VisiCalc Bricklin, Frankston sa VisiCorp
Modula 1979 Modula-2 Wirth
PL/I, BASIC, EXEC 2 1979 REXX Cowlishaw
C, SNOBOL 1979 AWK Aho, Weinberger, Kernighan
SNOBOL 1979 Icon (implementation) Griswold
* 1979 Vulcan dBase-II Ratliff

1980.

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C, SIMULA 67 1980 C s klasama Stroustrup
BASIC, Compiler Systems, Digital Research 1980-1981 CBASIC Gordon Eubanks
Speakeasy-3 1982? Speakeasy-IV Stanley Cohen, et al. sa Speakeasy Computing Corporation
Smalltalk, C 1982 Objective-C Brad Cox
IBM BASICA 1983 GW-BASIC Microsoft
Green 1983 Ada CII Honeywell Bull
C s klasama 1983 C++ Stroustrup
BASIC 1983 True BASIC Kemeny, Kurtz s Dartmouth College
COBOL 1983? ABAP SAP AG
sh 1984.? Korn Shell (ksh) David Korn
Forth, Lisp 1984 RPL Hewlett-Packard
ML 1984 Standard ML
dBase 1984 CLIPPER Nantucket
LISP 1984 Common Lisp Guy L. Steele, Jr. i ostali
1984 Redcode Alexander Dewdney i D.G. Jones
Pascal 1985 Object Pascal Apple Computer
dBase 1985 PARADOX Borland
InterPress 1985 PostScript Warnock
BASIC 1985 QuickBASIC Microsoft
BASIC 1986 GFA BASIC Frank Ostrowski
1986 Miranda David Turner s University of Kent
1986 LabVIEW National Instruments
SIMULA 67 1986 Eiffel Meyer
1986 Informix-4GL Informix
C 1986 PROMAL
INFORM 1986 CorVision Cortex
Smalltalk 1987 Self (concept) Sun Microsystems Inc.
* 1987 HyperTalk Apple
C 1987 Magic Magic Software Enterprises
C, sed, awk, sh 1987 Perl Wall
Modula-2 1987 Oberon Wirth
Prolog 1987 Erlang Joe Armstrong i drugi iz Ericssona
* 1987 Mathematica Wolfram Research
BASIC/Z 1987 Turbo Basic Robert 'Bob' Zale
MATLAB 1988 Octave
Awk, Lisp 1988 Tcl Ousterhout
BASIC 1988 STOS BASIC François Lionet i Constantin Sotiropoulos
REXX 1988 Object REXX Simon C. Nash
Ada 1988 SPARK Bernard A. Carré
APL 1988 A+ Arthur Whitney
Turbo Pascal, Object Pascal 1989 Turbo Pascal OOP Hejlsberg at Borland
Modula-2 1989 Modula-3 Cardeli, et al. DEC and Olivetti
Turbo Basic 1989 PowerBASIC Robert 'Bob' Zale

1990.

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STOS BASIC 1990 AMOS BASIC François Lionet i Constantin Sotiropoulos
Oberon 1990 Object Oberon H Mössenböck, J Templ, R Griesemer
APL, FP 1990 J Iverson, R. Hui s Iverson Software
Miranda 1990 Haskell
Common Lisp, Scheme 1990 EuLisp
Object Oberon 1991 Oberon-2 Hanspeter Mössenböck, Wirth
ABC, ALGOL 68,[1] Icon, Modula-3 1991 Python Van Rossum
Prolog 1991 Oz Gert Smolka i studenti
1991 Q Albert Gräf
QuickBASIC 1991 Visual Basic Alan Cooper, prodao Microsoftu
Turbo Pascal OOP 1992 Borland Pascal
Common Lisp, Scheme 1992 Dylan mnogi iz Apple Computer
ksh 1993? Z Shell (zsh)
Smalltalk 1993? Self (implementation) Sun Microsystems Inc.
* 1993 Brainfuck Urban Müller
Forth 1993 FALSE Wouter van Oortmerssen
* 1993 WinDev PC Soft
HyperTalk 1993 Revolution Transcript
HyperTalk 1993 AppleScript Apple
APL, Lisp 1993 K Arthur Whitney
Smalltalk, Perl 1993 Ruby Yukihiro Matsumoto
Lua 1993 Lua Roberto Ierusalimschy et al. s Tecgraf, PUC-Rio
C 1993 ZPL Chamberlain et al. s University of Washington
Self, Dylan 1993 NewtonScript Walter Smith
Common Lisp 1994 ANSI Common Lisp
Perl 1994 PHP Rasmus Lerdorf
LPC, C, µLPC 1994 Pike Fredrik Hübinette et al. s Linköping University
Forth 1994 ANS Forth Elizabeth Rather, et al.
Borland Pascal 1995 Borland Delphi Anders Hejlsberg iz Borlanda
1995 ColdFusion (CFML) Allaire
C, SIMULA67 OR C++, Smalltalk, Ada 83, Objective-C 1995 Java James Gosling iz Sun Microsystemsa
Self, Java 1995 LiveScript Brendan Eich iz Netscapea
Lisp, C++, Tcl/Tk, TeX, HTML 1996 Curl David Kranz, Steve Ward, Chris Terman s MITa
LiveScript 1996 JavaScript Brendan Eich iz Netscapea
APL, Perl 1996 Perl Data Language (PDL) Karl Glazebrook, Jarle Brinchmann, Tuomas Lukka, i Christian Soeller
S 1996 R Robert Gentleman i Ross Ihaka
REXX 1996 NetRexx Cowlishaw
1996 Lasso Blue World Communication
Oberon-2 1997 Component Pascal Oberon microsystems, Inc
Joule, Original-E 1997 E Mark S. Miller
Scheme 1997 Pico Free University of Brussels
Smalltalk-80, Self 1997 Squeak Smalltalk Alan Kay, et al. iz Apple Computera
JavaScript 1997 ECMAScript ECMA TC39-TG1
Smalltalk, APL, Objective-C 1997 F-Script Philippe Mougin
Common Lisp 1997 ISLISP ISO Standard ISLISP
Java, Scheme, Tcl 1997 Tea Jorge Nunes
Self, Forth, Lisp, Logo 1997 REBOL Carl Sassenrath, Rebol Technologies
C++, Standard C 1998 Standard C++ ANSI/ISO Standard C++
Erlang 1998 Open Source Erlang Ericsson
AWK, Perl, Unix shell 1998 Pikt Robert Osterlund (tada s University of Chicago)
JAVA, SQL 1998 DASL (BOS) Bob Goldberg and Ludovic Champenois at Sun Microsystems
Web 2.0 IDE & ALM 1999 WebDev PC Soft
DSSSL 1999 XSLT (+ XPath) W3C, James Clark
Game Maker 1999 Game Maker Language (GML) Mark Overmars
JAVA, HTML 1999 DASL (AUS) Bob Goldberg, Bruce Daniels, Peter Yared, Yury Kamen, and Syed Ali at Sun Microsystems

2000.

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Java 2000. Jooin Java G Stewart von Itzstein
FP, Forth 2000. Joy von Thun
C, C++, C#, Java 2000. D Walter Bright s Digital Marsa
Ada, C++, Lisp 2000. XL Christophe de Dinechin
Magic 2000. eDeveloper Magic Software Enterprises
C, C++, Java, Delphi 2000. C# Anders Hejlsberg iz Microsofta
C, C++, Java, PHP, Python, Ruby, Scheme 2000. Ferite Chris Ross
Java 2001. AspectJ Xerox PARC
Visual Basic 2001. Visual Basic .NET Microsoft
Self, NewtonScript 2002. Io Steve Dekorte
C#, ML, MetaHaskell 2003. Nemerle University of Wrocław
Joy, Forth, Lisp 2003. Factor Slava Pestov
Smalltalk, Java, Haskell, Standard ML, OCaml 2003. Scala Martin Odersky
Lua 2003. Squirrel Alberto Demichelis
BASIC 2004. FreeBASIC Andre Victor
Mobile Development 2004. WinDev Mobile PC Soft
* 2004. Subtext Jonathan Edwards
Python, C# 2004. Boo Rodrigo B. de Oliveira
Object Pascal, C# 2004. Oxygene (formerly Chrome) RemObjects Software
Java 2004. Groovy James Strachan
BASIC 2004. ThinBasic Eros Olmi thinBasic communityArhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 3. svibnja 2009. (Wayback Machine)
* 2005. Corn
Objective Caml, C#, Haskell 2005. F# Don Syme iz Microsoft Researcha
ARC Assembler 2005. Rage Assembler Wim Boot at Micronix Softworks
* 2005. Seed7 Thomas Mertes
Haskell 2006. Links Philip Wadler, University of Edinburgh
* 2006. Kite Mooneer Salem
C#, ksh, Perl, CL, DCL, SQL 2006. Windows PowerShell Microsoft
C#, Scala, Ruby, Erlang 2007. Fan Brian Frank, Andy Frank
APEX 2007. APEX Salesforce.com
C# 2007. Vala GNOME
Lisp, ML, Haskell, Erlang 2007. Clojure Rich Hickey
* 2007. LOLCODE Adam Lindsay
Oberon 2007. Oberon-07 Wirth [1]Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 31. kolovoza 2009. (Wayback Machine)
* 2008. RapidRage Wim Boot s Micronix Softworksa
eDeveloper 2008. uniPaaS Magic Software Enterprises
Haskell 2008. Disciple Ben Lippmeier Disciple Wiki
C, R 2008. PCASTL Philippe Choquette
* 2008. Seccia Sylvain SecciaArhivirana inačica izvorne stranice od 1. kolovoza 2009. (Wayback Machine)
Standard ML, SML/NJ 2009. Mythryl Cynbe ru Taren

Izvori

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  1. Interview with Guido van Rossum. June 1998. Inačica izvorne stranice arhivirana 30. ožujka 2012. Pristupljeno 28 2008 Provjerite vrijednost datuma u parametru: |accessdate= (pomoć)