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Magnetosphere

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Nkere nke ahịrị oghere ndọta nke magnetosphere nke ike.

Na mbara igwe na igwe mbara ala, magnetosphere bụ mpaghara oghere gburugburu ihe na-egosi mbara igwe nke ihe ndọta ihe ahụ na-emetụta ihe ndị na-ebubo ebubo .  [1] [2] Emebere ya site na aru onye nke nwere dynamo ime ime na-arụ ọrụ.

N'ime oghere dị nso na ahụ mbara ala, oghere ndọta yiri magnetik dipole .  N'ebe dị ike, ahịrị ubi nwere ike ịgbagọ nke ukwuu site na nke nke plasma na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik, dị ka nke sitere na isi (ya bụ, ifufe ike ) ma ọ bụ ike dị nso.  [1] [2] Planets nwere magnetospheres na-arụ ọrụ, dị ka ike, nwere ike ibelata ma ọ bụ ike nke radieshon ọmụmụ ma ọ bụ radieshon mbara igwe, nke na-echebekwa ihe niile dị ndụ site na ihe nwere ike ike.  egwu na egwu.  A na-amụ nke a n'okpuru isiokwu ntụ iche nke physics plasma, physics space, na aeronomy

mgbochi ihe magnetosphere nke ụwa mgbasa na 1600, mgbe William Gilbert ngwa na ebe ndọta dị n'elu ụwa yiri nke terrella, obere oghere magnetized.  N'afọ ndị 1940, Walter M. Elsasser tụpụtara ihe ihe nke dynamo theory, nke na-eme ka oghere magnetik nke ụwa na-nke isi nke ụwa.  Saịtị n'iji magnetometer eme ihe, ndị na-kaka ike mgba nwere ike ipo ihe dị iche na mpaghara magnetik ụwa dị ka ọrụ nke ma oge na latitude na longitude.

. [1]Malite na awụ 1940, a na-eji rọketi ụkpụrụ ụzarị mbara igwe .  Na 1958, Explorer 1, nke mbụ n'ime usoro ọrụ mbara igwe nke Explorer, ka ewepụtara iji àgwà ike nke ụzarị mbara igwe dị n'elu ikuku ma ebelata dị na ọrụ a.  Ọrụ a videos adị nke eriri radieshon Van Allen (nke dị na mpaghara ime magnetosphere nke ụwa), na nsochi Explorer 3 mechara n'afọ ahụ nke ọma adị adị ya.  Ọzọkwa n'oge 1958, Eugene Parker mmetụta nke echiche nke ifufe, na okwu 'magnetosphere' na-atụ aro site Thomas Gold na 1959 na-ahụ otú ikuku na-emekọ ihe na ụwa magnetik field.  Ozi ikpeazụ nke Explorer 12 na 1961 nke Cahill na Amazeen nlebanya na 1963 nke mbelata ike ndọta na ngwaọrụ n'ụdị meridian nke ehihie, mechara mechara magnetopause .  Ka ọ na-erule 1983, International Cometary Explorer ebe magnetotail, ma ọ bụ oghere ndọta dị anya.

Magnetospheres na-adabere n'ụdị iche iche: ụdị ihe na-ịtụ mbara igwe, ndị nke isi nke plasma na ume ọkụ, oge ihe na-agba ihe, nke axis nke ihe na-agbagọ ihe, axis nke magnetik dipole.  , na ukwuu.  na ntụzịaka nke ikuku nke ahụ .

  1. Van Allen (2004). Origins of Magnetospheric Physics. Iowa City, Iowa USA: University of Iowa Press. ISBN 9780877459217. OCLC 646887856.