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Physical disability

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A physical disability is a condition that limits the way the body works. For example, a physical disability may limit the way a part of the body grows, moves, or does what it is supposed to do.

Types of physical disabilities

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Congenital disabilities

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A congenital disability is a disability that a baby has when they are born, or had before they were born. These disabilities used to be called "birth defects."

The most common congenital disability is congenital heart disease - problems in the way the heart grows and works. In 2013, 34.3 million people around the world had congenital heart disease.[1] Congenital heart disease also causes more deaths than any other congenital disability. In 2013, it caused 323,000 deaths.[2]

Other examples of congenital disabilities include:[3]

Inherited disabilities

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Some types of congenital disabilities are genetic. This means the disability was "inherited," or passed down to a person, through their parents' genes.[4]

Examples of inherited physical disabilities include:[4]

Acquired disabilities

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Acquired disabilities are disabilities that people get ("acquire") after they are born. Often they are caused by injuries or illnesses. Examples of acquired physical disabilities include:

Famous people with physical disabilities

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There have been many famous people with physical disabilities. Below are some examples.

Leaders and politicians

Actors

Singers

Other famous people

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References

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  1. GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators (January 2015). "Global, regional, and national age–sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". The Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–171. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442. {{cite journal}}: |author1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  2. GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators (January 2015). "Global, regional, and national age–sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". The Lancet. 385 (9963): 117–171. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMC 4340604. PMID 25530442. {{cite journal}}: |author1= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. "Specific Birth Defects". CDC.gov. United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. October 9, 2015. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
  4. 4.0 4.1 "Genetics – Genetic Inheritance". NHSChoices. National Health System of the United Kingdom. August 7, 2014. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  5. Tobin, James (2014). The Man He Became: How FDR Defied Polio to Win the Presidency. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0743265164.
  6. Rhodes James, Robert (1998). A Spirit Undaunted: The Political Role of George VI. London: Little, Brown, and Co. p. 98. ISBN 0-316-64765-9.
  7. Sharp, Keith (ed.). "Winston Churchill, Stutterer". University of Toronto. Archived from the original on January 13, 2012. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  8. Dallek, Robert (December 2002). "The Medical Ordeals of JFK". The Atlantic. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  9. Mandel, Lee R. (2009). "Endocrine and Autoimmune Aspects of the Health History of John F. Kennedy". Annals of Internal Medicine. 151 (5): 350–354. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00011. PMID 19721023. S2CID 10969109.
  10. James Earl Jones (June 29, 1996). "The Voice of Triumph" (Interview). Interviewed by The American Academy of Achievement for the National Medal of Arts. Sun Valley, Idaho. Archived from the original (Audio/Transcript) on September 6, 2010. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  11. "Movie Star Talks about Stuttering". Stuttering Foundation. 15 July 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 Trubo, Richard (2001). The New Book Of Knowledge – Health and Medicine. New York: Grolier. pp. 112–123. ISBN 0-7172-0608-4.
  13. Braunstein, M.D., Glenn D. (28 February 2011). "Understanding Stuttering". The Huffington Post. London. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
  14. Brockes, Emma (April 11, 2009). "It's the gift that keeps on taking". The Guardian. London. Retrieved June 29, 2009.
  15. Young, Scott (July 30, 1997). "Chapter 8: Buffalo Springfield and Epilepsy". Neil and Me. Music Sales Distributed. p. 68. ISBN 0-9529540-2-8.
  16. Gundersen, Edna (May 10, 2013). "Lil Wayne can't recall seizures: 'I don't feel sick'". USA Today. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  17. "Prince reveals childhood epilepsy". BBC News Entertainment. April 29, 2009. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  18. "Mind over matter: How Stephen Hawking defied Motor Neurone Disease for 50 years". Independent.co.uk. November 26, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
  19. Swaine, Rick. "Jim Abbott". sabr.org. Society for American Baseball Research. Retrieved February 12, 2016.