Diagram of the skulls of a Monitor lizard and a Crocodile with homologous bones coloured the same colours. Modified from Gegenbaur, CarlGrundzüge der vergleichenden Anatomie. 2. umgearb. Auflage. Mit 319 Holzschnitten. Leipzig, Verl. von Wilhelm Engelmann, 1870. 892 pp. fig. 202. p. 651. A. Varanus. B. Crocodilus. Os — Occipitale superius. C — Condylus occipitalis. Pa — Parietale. Pf — Postrforntale. Fr — Frontale. Pfr — Praefrontale. L — Lacrymale. N — Nasale. Sq — Squamosum. Qj — Quadratojugale. Ju — Jugale. Q — Quadratum. Mx — Maxillare. Px — Praemaxillare. co — Columella.
Diagram of the hand skeleton showing homologous bones in various animals. Gegenbaur, CarlGrundzüge der vergleichenden Anatomie. 2. umgearb. Auflage. Mit 319 Holzschnitten. Leipzig, Verl. von Wilhelm Engelmann, 1870. 892 pp. fig. 223. p. 692. I Man. II Dog. III Pig. IV Cow. V Tapir. VI Horse. r — Radius. u — Ulna. a — Scaphoid. b — Lunare. c — Triquetrum. d — Trapezium. e — Trapezoid. f — Capitatum. g — Hamatum. p — Pisiforme.
Diagram of homologous bones and analogous flying adaptions in the forelimbs of three different taxa of flying vertebrates both recent and fossil. 1 pterosaur (Pterosauria), 2 bat (Chiroptera), 3 bird (Aves)
