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Death and funeral of Alexei Navalny

Coordinates: 66°49′11″N 65°47′38″E / 66.8196°N 65.7938°E / 66.8196; 65.7938
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Death of Alexei Navalny
Navalny in 2020
Date16 February 2024; 6 months ago (2024-02-16)
Timearound 14:17 (MSK)
LocationFKU IK-3, Kharp, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia
Coordinates66°49′11″N 65°47′38″E / 66.8196°N 65.7938°E / 66.8196; 65.7938

On 16 February 2024, the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service announced that Russian opposition activist Alexei Navalny died while serving a 19-year prison sentence in corrective colony FKU IK-3, in the village of Kharp in the Russian Arctic.[1][2][3] Navalny's spokeswoman Kira Yarmysh said on social media that his team could not immediately confirm his death and that a lawyer was going to the prison to investigate.[4][5]

His death led to numerous protests in different countries, including Russia, where dozens of protesters were detained.[6][7] Politicians from various countries have held the Russian authorities responsible for his death.[8]

Background

Assassination attempt

Main article: Poisoning of Alexei Navalny

Alexei Navalny was considered one of the most prominent critics of Russian president Vladimir Putin, having denounced corruption under his regime and unsuccessfully trying to run for president against him in 2018. In 2017, Navalny suffered eye injuries after being assaulted with a green-hued disinfectant by an unknown assailant. In 2020, Navalny was poisoned with the nerve agent Novichok and was evacuated to Germany for medical treatment.[2][9]

Imprisonment

In January 2021 he returned to Russia after treatment and was arrested immediately upon arrival at the airport. Navalny was convicted of fraud and a number of other charges, including creating an "extremist" community, the Anti-Corruption Foundation. Human rights activists stated that the persecution of Navalny was political. In 2021, US President Joe Biden warned Putin that Navalny's death would bring "devastating" consequences to Russia.[10] In April 2023, his aide Kira Yarmysh announced that Navalny was experiencing acute stomach pain which may have been caused by poisoning.[11]

In December 2023 he was transferred from a penal colony east of Moscow to another penal colony in Kharp, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, in Russia's Far North. On 15 February, the day before his death, he appeared via video link at a court hearing, during which he made jokes and seemed to be in good health. At the time of his death, Navalny was serving a 19-year sentence in the Polar Wolf "special regime" colony,[12][2] and was in solitary confinement for the 27th time, having spent a cumulative 300 days in solitary confinement over the course of his sentence.[13][14]

Events

On 16 February the Federal Penitentiary Service department for the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug published a statement that Navalny lost consciousness after a walk. He was attended by medical workers from the penal colony and an emergency medical team was called.[1][2] Referring to a statement by representatives of the Labytnangi City Hospital, several Russian state-owned news agencies reported that an ambulance arrived at the scene in less than seven minutes and performed resuscitation measures for more than half an hour.[15][16] Navalny was not revived,[1] and reports of his death first appeared in the media at 14:19 Moscow Time.[17]

The Investigative Committee of Russia announced "a set of investigative and operative measures" into Navalny's death.[18] Navalny's body is likely to be sent back to Moscow for an autopsy, and establishing the cause of death may take several weeks.[19]

The Russian state-owned network RT said that Navalny's death was allegedly caused by a "broken blood clot". Experts interviewed by the independent news outlet Meduza questioned the rapid timing of medical care and noted that the version of a detached blood clot cannot be verified without an autopsy.[16]

Reactions

Domestic

External videos
video icon Comments by Yulia Navalnaya at the Munich Security Conference, February 16, 2024, C-SPAN
Action in memory of Alexei Navalny at the monument to victims of political repression in St. Petersburg on February 16, 2024
Flowers at a memorial following the death of Navalny

Navalny's wife Yulia Navalnaya said all those responsible for the death of her husband "will be held accountable" but said she did not know "whether to believe or not this terrible news that we're only receiving from government sources", adding that she could not trust Putin's government as "they lie constantly."[18] Navalny's mother, Lyudmila Navalnaya, said she did not "want to hear any words of sympathy", adding, "My son was seen in prison on the 12th. He had a visit. He was alive, healthy and cheerful."[20]

Journalist Andrey Zakharov commented, "Navalny did not die, he was killed." Opposition politician Boris Nadezhdin, who unsuccessfully attempted to file his candidacy for the 2024 Russian presidential election, noted that as of yet Navalny's death was not confirmed and stated, "I pray that the information turns out to be false. Alexei [was] one of the most talented and brave people in Russia I ever knew."[21] Mikhail Khodorkovsky, a former oligarch in exile in London, urged Russians to vote for Navalny in the 2024 presidential election as a mark of protest. He also called for Western nations to declare Putin's government, the presidential election, and its result illegitimate.[22][23] Leonid Volkov, a Russian opposition politician living in Lithuania, stated: "If this is true, then not 'Navalny died,' but 'Putin killed Navalny' and only that."[20] Exiled opposition politician Dmitry Gudkov said: "Even if Alexei died from 'natural' causes, they were caused by his poisoning and further prison torture. The blood is on Putin's hands."[20]

Dmitry Muratov, a Nobel Peace Prize laureate and editor-in-chief of the Latvia-based Novaya Gazeta newspaper, expressed his condolences to Navalny's family. Muratov called the death "murder", saying that "Alexei Navalny was tortured and tormented for three years. As Navalny's doctor told me: the body cannot endure such things. Murder was added to Alexei Navalny's sentence."[24] Human rights campaigner Oleg Orlov, co-chairman of the Nobel Peace Prize-winning human rights group Memorial, said Navalny's death in prison was a "crime of the regime".[25] Writer and journalist Mikhail Zygar said that Navalny "was our future for so long. Now we don't have that future anymore." Veteran human rights activist Lev Ponomaryov declared: "There are still many of us. We need to act together." The best-selling Russian crime writer Boris Akunin said that "There is nothing more the dictator [Putin] can do to Navalny. Navalny is dead and has become immortal."[26]

One of Navalny's lawyers, Leonid Solovyov, told Novaya Gazeta that Navalny was "normal" when a lawyer saw him on 14 January.[24]

Russians began bringing flowers to monuments to victims of political repression in cities across the country. Over 100 people were detained.[27][28][7]

Russian government

Presidential spokesperson Dmitry Peskov told reporters that Putin had been informed of Navalny's death,[29] although Putin did not publicly comment on it during a meeting in Chelyabinsk.[30] The Directorate of the Investigative Committee for the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug organized a procedural investigation into the death.[31] The Federal Penitentiary Service also began inspections "in accordance with all applicable rules".[32]

The Russian independent media outlet Agentstvo reported that within 30 minutes of Navalny's death being announced, the ruling United Russia party issued a message to its deputies in the State Duma to "keep strictly in line with the Federal Prison Service's version [or] better to refrain from commenting at all."[33]

In response to international condemnation over Navalny's death, foreign ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova criticized Western countries for having "its conclusions ready."[34] Peskov himself later described foreign leaders' reactions as "absolutely rabid".[35] Putin's close associate Vyacheslav Volodin, Speaker of the State Duma, blamed Navalny's death on "Washington", "Brussels" and various critics of the Kremlin in "unfriendly countries".[36] A Just Russia – For Truth leader Sergey Mironov stated that Navalny's death was beneficial for "Russia's enemies".[37]

International

Governments

  •  Australia: Foreign minister Penny Wong said that Navalny's "heroic opposition to Putin's repressive and unjust dictatorship had inspired the world", and that Australia held the Russian government "solely responsible".[38]
  •  Bulgaria: Prime Minister Nikolai Denkov called Navalny a symbol of the struggle against dictatorship in Russia and emphasized the value of democracy.[39][40]
  •  Canada: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said that Navalny's death "has us all reeling. It's something that has the entire world being reminded of exactly what a monster Putin is. There is no question that Alexei Navalny is dead because he stood up to Putin, he stood up to the Kremlin. He stood for freedom and democracy and the right of the Russian people to choose their future, and that was something that Putin was deeply afraid of, as he should be."[41] Foreign minister Mélanie Joly tweeted that Navalny "gave his freedom in the hopes of a better, more democratic future for the Russian people", and wrote that his death represented a "painful reminder of Putin's continued oppressive regime."[42]
  •  Czech Republic: Foreign minister Jan Lipavský wrote that Russia was "treating its citizens like it treats its foreign policy", and that it "has turned into a violent state that kills people who dream of a better future, like Nemtsov or now Navalny – imprisoned and tortured to death for standing up to Putin".[42]
  •  Estonia: Prime Minister Kaja Kallas wrote that Navalny's death was "yet another dark reminder of the rogue regime we're dealing with – and why Russia and all those responsible must be held accountable for each of their crimes".[43] Kallas had been added to the Russian interior ministry's register of wanted individuals three days prior.[43] Foreign minister Margus Tsahkna stated that the news demonstrated the "heartless, aggressive and destructive power" of Russian president Vladimir Putin.[44]
  •  Finland: Prime Minister Petteri Orpo said that responsibility for Navalny's death lay with the Russian leadership and offered condolences to his family. President Sauli Niinistö also expressed similar opinions in a social media post.[45]
  •  France: President Emmanuel Macron wrote "I salute the memory of Alexeï Navalny, his commitment, his courage."[20]
  •  Georgia: President Salome Zourabichvili called Navalny's death "a tragedy for all democracy and human rights defenders" and expressed her condolences for his family and "those who in Russia continue his fight for democracy."[22][46]
  •  Germany: Chancellor Olaf Scholz said that he "paid for his courage with his life".[47]
  •  Greece: Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis stated "Navalny fought fiercely for democracy and stood up to a brutal, authoritarian regime. A regime that made sure Navalny paid for his bravery first with his freedom, and now with his life. Our thoughts are with his family."[48]
  •  Iceland: President Guðni Th. Jóhannesson said that Navalny's death was "deeply disturbing and a testament to the regime's continued silencing of political opponents."[49]
  •  Ireland: Taoiseach Leo Varadkar said that "Russia is a deeply oppressive State and that anyone who challenges President Putin risks their lives." Tánaiste Micheál Martin said Navalny's death "underpins the lack of respect for the rule of law and protection of human rights in Russia".[50]
  •  Italy: Prime Minister that Navalny's death was "disturbing", and served as a warning to the rest of the world.[42]
  •  Latvia: President Edgars Rinkēvičs offered condolences to Navalny's family and friends and stated that Navalny "was just brutally murdered by the Kremlin. That's a fact and that is something one should know about the true nature of Russia's current regime."[51][52][22]
  •  Lithuania: President Gitanas Nausėda blamed the Russian government for the death of Navalny and called for action to be taken.[53][54]
  •  Moldova: President Maia Sandu expressed her condolences to Navalny's family and to "all democratically-minded Russians, and those bravely fighting for freedom and democracy within Russia and abroad".[20]
  •  Netherlands: Outgoing prime minister Mark Rutte said that Navalny "fought for democratic values and against corruption", and paid "for his struggle with death while he was held under the harshest and most inhumane conditions".[35]
  •  New Zealand: Prime Minister Christopher Luxon said "Saddened to hear of Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny’s death. He was a fierce advocate of freedom and anti-corruption."[55]
  •  Norway: Foreign minister Espen Barth Eide said on X that "The Russian Government bears a heavy responsibility,"[42]
  •  Poland: Prime Minister Donald Tusk said on X: "Alexei, we will never forget you. And we will never forgive them."[56]
  •  Spain: Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez expressed his condolences to "his family and friends and to all those in Russia who defend democratic values and pay for it the highest of prices."[56]
  •  Sweden: Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson tweeted that the "Russian authorities, and President Putin personally, are responsible for Alexei Navalny no longer being alive."[57]
  •  Ukraine: President Volodymyr Zelenskyy blamed Russian president Vladimir Putin for the death of Navalny.[22]
  •  United Kingdom: Prime Minister Rishi Sunak said that Navalny "demonstrated incredible courage throughout his life" and that his death was "terrible news".[58] Foreign secretary and former prime minister David Cameron said that "We should hold Putin accountable for this" and that "There should be consequences".[59]
External videos
video icon Comments by U.S. President Joe Biden on the death of Alexei Navalny, February 16, 2024, C-SPAN
  •  United States: President Joe Biden praised Navalny's legacy, saying he "was everything Putin is not. He was brave, he was principled, he was dedicated to building a Russia where rule of law existed and where it applied to everybody", and, stating that he held Putin responsible, added that he was "both not surprised and outraged" by reports of Navalny's death in prison.[60] Secretary of State Antony Blinken stated that the "fixation and fear of one man only underscores the weakness and rot at the heart of the system that Putin has built. Russia is responsible for this."[61] National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan called the news "a terrible tragedy".[62] Vice President Kamala Harris called it another example of "Putin's brutality" and that "Russia is responsible".[63]

International organisations

  •  European Union: President of the European Council Charles Michel said that Navalny "fought for the values of freedom and democracy", and that "[for] his ideals, he made the ultimate sacrifice".[35] European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen wrote that she was "deeply disturbed and saddened" by news of Navalny's death.[64] EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell expressed similar sentiments, describing Navalny as a "very brave man".[65]
  •  NATO: Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said that he was "saddened and disturbed by reports coming from Russia" and called for an investigation into the death of Navalny.[66]
  •  United Nations: Secretary-General António Guterres called for a full investigation of Navalny's death.[35] OHCHR spokesperson Liz Throssell stated: "If someone dies in the custody of the State, the presumption is that the State is responsible – a responsibility that can only be rebutted through an impartial, thorough and transparent investigation carried out by an independent body."[67] Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Alice Jill Edwards, said that several UN independent experts, including herself, urged the Russian government to end the punitive conditions in which Navalny was held, adding that their "appeals to the Kremlin" were "blatantly ignored" with complete "disregard for human life".[35]

Others

Public

Protests in honor of Navalny were announced in Austria, Argentina, Armenia, Belgium, Czechia, France, Germany, Georgia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Serbia, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.[69] Mourners laid flowers in Navalny's honor in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, and Almaty, Kazakhstan, where many Russians have fled since 2022 to avoid mobilization in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[70]

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b c d "Russian opposition leader Navalny has died, prison service says". BBC. Archived from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
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  11. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 16 February 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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  49. ^ @PresidentISL (16 February 2024). "The death of Alexei Navalny in a Russian prison is deeply disturbing and a testament to the regime's continued silencing of political opponents. My thoughts are with his family and friends, and with all those who continue to fight against oppression for their democratic rights" (Tweet). Retrieved 16 February 2024 – via Twitter.
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  53. ^ Nausėda, Gitanas [@GitanasNauseda] (16 February 2024). "Alexei Navalny didn't die in prison, he was killed by the Kremlin's brutality and its aim to silence the opposition at any cost. Russia's regime must face consequences. It must be brought to justice" (Tweet). Retrieved 16 February 2024 – via Twitter.
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