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Hashim Al-Witry

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Sayyid Dr.
Hashim Al-Witry
FRCP
هاشم الوتري
4th Dean of the Royal Iraqi College of Medicine
In office
November 1937 – November 1939
Preceded byAhmed Kadri
Succeeded bySaib Shawkat
In office
June 1941 – December 1942
Preceded bySaib Shawkat
Succeeded byHarry Sinderson
In office
June 1946 – February 1953
Preceded byHarry Sinderson
Succeeded byJalal Al-Azzawi
President of the Iraq Academy
In office
1938
In office
1943–1953
President of Bayt Al-Hikma
In office
1953–1958
Personal details
Born1893 (1893)
Baghdad Vilayet
DiedJanuary 17, 1961(1961-01-17) (aged 67–68)
Baghdad, Kingdom of Iraq
CitizenshipKingdom of Iraq
NationalityIraqi
SpouseSharifa Al-Witry
ChildrenSaad Al-Witry
Alma materImperial School of Medicine
Known forEstablishing medical education in Iraq.
AwardsFellow of the Royal College of Physicians (1948)
NicknameShaikh of Physicians
Medical career
ProfessionPhysician, Professor, Researcher
FieldClinical Medicine
InstitutionsRoyal Iraqi Hospital. Royal Iraqi College of Medicine. Journal of the Faculty of Medicine of Iraq. Iraqi Medical Research Institute.
ResearchNeurology and Internal Medicine
Military career
AllegianceOttoman Empire
Years of service1919–1920
RankCaptain

Sayyid Hashim Al-Witry M.D. FRCP (1893 – 17 Jan 1961) (Arabic: الاستاذ الدكتور السيد هاشم الوِتْرِي) was an Iraqi physician, professor, researcher and author born in Baghdad.[1][2] He served as a captain in the medical service in the Ottoman Empire in 1919 and he's recognised as one of the leaders of the medical profession in Iraq and accredited to many notable accomplishments such as: founding the Royal College of Medicine of Iraq in which he worked in as a professor and dean. He was a key contributor to the establishment of the Iraq Academy, of which he was vice president then president for two periods (1938) and (1943 to 1953).[3][4] He was an elected member of the Iraqi Academy of Science and a second Vice President to the academy.[5] He also re-established the House of Wisdom "Bayt Al-Hikma, Scientific institution intellectual" and was its President from 1953 to 1958.[6]

Background

Sayyid Hashim Al-Witry was born in Baghdad in 1983 into a famous prestigious family of a noble Alids descend and Hashemites lineage known by "House of Al-Witry" (Arabic: آل ألوتري),[7][8] therefore inheriting him the honourable title "Sayyid" and its corresponding "Sharif" which he was proud of and honoured; He remained using this honorific title on most of his paperwork and documentation.[9]

His father is Sayyid Yahya Al-Witry, he was a very well known scholar and Judge in Baghdad, he had a council in Al-Khulafa Mosque known by "House of Al-Witry Council" (Arabic: مجلس آل ألوتري) which he lead until his decease in 1922 then later lead by his son Sayyid Mahmoud Al-Witry who passed away in 1947 and it was then lead by Sayyid Hashim Al-Witry.[10]

He completed his secondary education locally, studying Arabic language, Literacy and History by many of the Baghdadi virtuous scholars;[11] during that time the Middle East was under the occupation of the Ottoman Empire, therefore he proceeded to study his further medical education in Istanbul and he graduated from the Imperial School of Medicine in 1918, currently known as the the Haydarpaşa Campus of Marmara University and commissioned as a Captain in the medical service.[4]

Career

For a short while, Al-Witry worked as a physician in hospitals in Istanbul. After his graduation and in 1919, he went to Syria and worked as a Captain in charge of the medical group that was sent to Mecca.

Early Experience

After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and the establishment of the Iraqi Monarchy he returned to Iraq and joined the cadre of physicians of the Royal Iraqi Hospital in 1920,[1] later in 1925 he became in charge of the department of Internal Medicine until his retirement in 1959.[11] He also established the first department or neuropathology within the Royal Iraqi Hospital. He was also a delegate of the Iraqi International Society of Internal Medicine.[3]

Royal College of Medicine of Iraq

Al-Witry played a prominent part at establishing the first medical college in Iraq, he founded the Royal College of Medicine of Iraq in 1927, alongside Sir Harry C. Sinderson Pasha (1891–1974)[12] and was the dean of the faculty for many years. He also founded the Journal of the Faculty of Medicine of Iraq in 1936 and remained its chief editor until his death.[13][14]

In 1943 he announced the establishment of higher specialised academic education within the college and providing higher qualifications i.e. MD, MS in general operation and PhD in main science. In order to be accepted the following conditions has to be met by the applicants; Graduated 4 years at most from the Medical College, contributed to at least two articles in the Journal of the Faculty of Medicine, wrote a scientific research under the supervision of one of the tutors, and finally to pass all the verbal and finally to pass all final verbal, theoretical and practical tests.[1][15][16]

Honouring

In 1949 Al-Witry was elected to be a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians under a special rule being a persons holding a medical qualification, but not members of the College who have distinguished themselves in the practice of medicine, or in the pursuit of Medical or General Science or Literature. As a result, the Iraq Academy hosted a ceremony honouring Al-Witry's achievement inviting the politicians and social elites of Iraq including Crown Prince ʿAbd al-Ilah, Ahmed Mukhtar Baban and the Prime Minister Nouri Al-Said. Among the invitees was the prominent poet Muhammad Mahdi Al-Jawahiri who recited a panegyric complimenting and praising Al-Witry which took fame as being a controversial subject among the civilians. Al-Jawahiri started with the following lines addressing Al-Witry:[17]

I glorified feelings and talents in you, and fulfilled an obligation of wisdom. - وقضيت فرضاً للنوابغ واجبا مجدت فيك مشاعراً ومواهباً
With the creativity of the creators, enlightened various scientists who were merely ruins. - شتّى عوالم كنّ قبلُ خرائبا بالمبدعين "الخالقين"، تنوّرت
An honour, "Dean of the House", in the highest rank you achieved among the immortals. - بُوِّئْتَها في الخالدين مراتبا شرفاً "عميدَ الدارِ" عليا رُتبةٍ


The audience reacted positively with applause, Al-Jawahiri seized the opportunity of being in the presence of Ministers and other government officials, who he greatly hated after the massacre of on Al-Maʾmun Bridge during the Al-Wathba uprising were Al-Jawahiris own brother was killed which inspired one of his most famous poems, "My Brother Jaafar" which he recited at Haydar-khana mosque. He continued his poem insulting the leaders of the country and started to verbally attack and lampoon them to express his opinion and hatred to them and their corrupt system:[18]

Have you known a kingdom whose “martyr” is sold to traitors who serve foreigners. - للخائنينَ الخادمينَ أجانبا "أعَرَفتَ مملكةً يُباحُ " شهيدُها "
Tenants who vandalize their homes and compensated in salaries for their destruction. - ويُكافئونَ على الخرابِ رواتبا مستأجَرِينَ يُخرِّبونَ دِيارَهُمْ
Bullies straitening their posture, like beasts, rudely and ferociously. - مِثْلَ السّباعِ ضَراوةً وتَكالُباً مُتَنمّرينَ يُنَصّبونَ صُدورهُمْ

[19]

Publications and Researches

Along side his educational and medical career, Al-Witry spent a lot of his time researching and publishing many books and Articles related to medical studies involving first aid, clinical medicine, neurology, medicine history in Iraq, most of them are still being used in the medical teaching in Iraq; among his publication are as follows: [20][5][21]

Publications
# Title in English Title in Arabic Date City
1 Neurological diseases ألأمراض ألعصبية 1945 Baghdad
2 Kidney disease ألأمراض ألكلوية 1943 Baghdad
3 The history of medicine in Iraq with the emergence and progress of the Royal Iraqi Medical College تاريخ الطب في العراق مع نشوء وتقدم الكلية الطبية الملكية العراقية 1939 Baghdad
4 First Aid Lessons دروس ألأسعافات ألطبية ألأولية 1928 Baghdad
5 Clinical medicine lectures محاضرات في ألطب ألسريري 1945 Baghdad
6 Glossary of medical terms معجم ألمصطلحات ألطبية 1941 Baghdad
7 Articles in ancient Arabic medicine مقالات في ألطب ألعربي ألقديم 1955 Baghdad
8 Summary of the book studies in the renal blood cycle ملخص كتاب ألدراسات في دورة ألكلية ألدموية 1952 Baghdad
9 Health services in Iraq ألخدمات ألصحية في ألعراق 1944 Baghdad

Personal Life

He married Sharifa Al-Witry and had a son named Saad Al-Witry who is a well known neurosurgeon who graduated from the Royal Iraqi College of Medicine in 1956 and founded the first neurosurgery department in Iraq in 1970.[1][15]

Decease

Hashim Al-Witry fainted on the morning of 18th of January 1961, he was found to be dead when his colleagues arrived at his home. He was buried in Ghazali Cemetery.[22]

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Hashim Al-Witry | RCP Museum". history.rcplondon.ac.uk. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  2. ^ الدملوجي, سالم (2002). الكلية الطبية الملكية العراقية [College of Medicine University of Baghdad, book by Salim Al-Damluji] (in Arabic). AIRP. p. 180. ISBN 978-9953-441-51-1.
  3. ^ a b "شيخ الأطباء الدكتور هاشم الوتري" [Sheik of Physicians, Doctor Hashim Al-Witry]. www.almadasupplements.com. 2019-05-22. Retrieved 2021-03-11.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b "Hashim Al-Witri, M.D., F.R.C.P." The British Medical Journal. 1 (5230): 972–972. 1961. ISSN 0007-1447.
  5. ^ a b ياسين, ‏أعظمي، صباح; Aʻẓamī, Ṣabāḥ Yāsīn (2005). ‏أعلام المجمع العلمي العراقي :‏: ‏2004-1947 م /‏ [Notables of the Iraqi Academy of Sciences] (in Arabic). ‏الدار العربية للموسوعات،‏. p. 17.
  6. ^ "الاستاذ المرحوم الدكتور هاشم يحيى قاسم الوتري | نقابة اطباء العراق" [Hashim Yahya Qasim Al-Witry | Iraqi Medical Association.]. www.ima.org.iq. Retrieved 2021-03-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ السامرائي, يونس ابراهيم (1986). القبائل والبيوتات الهاشمية في العراق [Hashemites Houses and Tribes in Iraq, book by Yunus Ibrahim Al-Samerai] (in Arabic). Y. I. Sāmarrāʼī. p. 23.
  8. ^ Baṣrī, Mīr (1994). أعلام الادب في العراق الحديث [Notables of Literature in Modern Iraq] (in Arabic). دار الحكمة،. pp. 162, 327. ISBN 978-1-898209-46-1.
  9. ^ الدملوجي, سالم (2002). الكلية الطبية الملكية العراقية [College of Medicine University of Baghdad, book by Salim Al-Damluji] (in Arabic). AIRP. p. 181. ISBN 978-9953-441-51-1.
  10. ^ إبراهيم, دروبي، (2001). البغداديون: أخبارهم ومجالسهم : كتاب يبحث عن مجالس بغداد ... [Baghdadis, their news and their councils] (in Arabic). دار الشؤون الثقافية العامة "آفاق عربية"،. p. 78.
  11. ^ a b ياسين, ‏أعظمي، صباح; Aʻẓamī, Ṣabāḥ Yāsīn (2005). ‏أعلام المجمع العلمي العراقي :‏: ‏2004-1947 م /‏ [Notables of the Iraqi Academy of Science] (in Arabic). ‏الدار العربية للموسوعات،‏. p. 16.
  12. ^ "College of Medicine University of Baghdad". Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  13. ^ "Journal of the Faculty of Medicine". iasj.net. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  14. ^ "About the Journal | Journal of the Faculty of Medicine Baghdad". iqjmc.uobaghdad.edu.iq. Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  15. ^ a b "Alwitri: The father of modern neurosurgery in Iraq". Surgical Neurology International. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  16. ^ "English". Baghdad College of Medicine. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
  17. ^ Jawāhirī, Muḥammad Mahdī (1988). ذكرياتي (in Arabic). Dār al-Rāfidayn. p. 59.
  18. ^ Press, Stanford University. "Start reading The Dangers of Poetry | Kevin M. Jones". www.sup.org. Retrieved 2021-03-11.
  19. ^ "محمد مهدي الجواهري – هاشم الوتري". الاتحاد العام للأدباء والكتاب في العراق. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
  20. ^ الحجاج, عادل محمد علي الشيخ حسين (2012-01-01). معجم مؤلفات الأعلام: يتناول ما صدر من مؤلفات لأعلام عرب معاصرين في معظم العلوم والفنون والآداب (in Arabic). Al Manhal. p. 357. ISBN 9796500075372.
  21. ^ Witry, Hashim Al (1944). Health Services in Iraq. New Publishers Iraq.
  22. ^ سالم, دملوجي، (2003). الكلية الطبية الملكية العراقية: من خلال سيرة ذاتية (in Arabic). AIRP. p. 186. ISBN 978-9953-441-51-1.
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