Meta-religion
Meta-religion is a theoretical framework aimed at understanding and comparing various world religions by identifying common principles and values that transcend individual traditions. This concept seeks to foster a critical and rational examination of religious beliefs and practices, promoting a unified perspective that integrates diverse religious experiences.[1] The idea of meta-religion is particularly significant within Islamic thought, where it is seen as a way to harmonize the various religious experiences of humanity under a single, comprehensive framework[2][1][3][4].
Key Characteristics
Several key characteristics define meta-religion. It is rational and critical, evaluating each religion based on historical and rational analysis rather than condemning any religion a priori[2][4]. Meta-religion considers the possibility that various religions may have a common divine origin, expressed through different historical and cultural contexts[2][4]. It also emphasizes identifying and promoting universal ethical principles and values shared across different religions[2][4].
Historical Development
The concept of meta-religion has evolved through the efforts of scholars aiming to reconcile the diverse religious experiences of humanity. Isma'il Raji al-Faruqi's work in the late 20th century significantly shaped the understanding of meta-religion within Islamic thought.[1] He advocated for a rational approach to studying religions, proposing a meta-religion that acknowledges the potential divine origin of religious experiences while critically examining their historical manifestations[2][3][4].
Applications
Meta-religion can be applied in various fields, including interfaith dialogue, religious studies, and cultural analysis. In interfaith dialogue, it promotes mutual understanding and respect among different religious traditions by highlighting shared values and ethical principles[2][3][4]. In religious studies, meta-religion provides a framework for the interdisciplinary study of religion, encouraging exploration of the broader context of religious phenomena[2][3][4]. In cultural analysis, it examines the impact of religion on culture and society, analyzing how religious ideas shape art, literature, politics, and social norms[2][3][4].
Criticisms
Meta-religion has faced criticism. Some argue that it can oversimplify the complexities of individual religious traditions by focusing on commonalities. Others suggest it may inadvertently privilege certain philosophical or cultural perspectives over others, potentially leading to biased interpretations of religion[2][4].
References
- ^ a b c Ibrahim, Haslina (March 2008). "Al-Faruqi and His Principles of Meta-Religion: The Islamisation of Comparative Religion". Kulliyah Research Bulletin. 3 (1). IIUM: 1–6.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i al-Faruqi, Ismail Raji (1986). "Meta-Religion: Towards A Critical World Theology". American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences. 3 (1): 13–21.
- ^ a b c d e Osman, Ahmad Sabri; Sharif, Mohd Farid Mohd; Zakaria, Raihaniah (2012). "Konsep Meta-Religion Menurut Isma'il Raji Al-Faruqi". Voice of Academia. 7 (1). Universiti Teknologi MARA (Perlis): 72–87.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Engku Alwi, Engku Ahmad Zaki (October 2010). "Al-Faruqi and His Views on Comparative Religion". International Journal of Business and Social Science. 1 (1): 106–117.