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Vietnamese Fatherland Front

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Vietnamese Fatherland Front
Mặt Trận Tổ Quốc Việt Nam
ChairmanTrần Thanh Mẫn
FoundedFebruary 1977
HeadquartersHà Nội, Vietnam
IdeologyCommunism
Marxism-Leninism
Ho Chi Minh Thought
Vietnamese nationalism
National Assembly
475 / 500
Politics of Vietnam
Ideology
Constitution
Communist Party
Legislative
  • Provincial People's Councils
Presidency
Executive
Fatherland Front
Military
Foreign relations
See also

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The Vietnamese Fatherland Front (Vietnamese: Mặt Trận Tổ Quốc Việt Nam) is an umbrella group of mass movements in Vietnam aligned with the Communist Party of Vietnam forming part of the Vietnamese government. It was founded in February 1977 by the merger of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front of North Vietnam and two Việt Cộng groups, the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam and the Alliance of National, Democratic and Peace Forces of Việt Nam. It is an amalgamation of many smaller groups, including the Communist Party itself. Other groups that participated in the establishment of the Front were the remnants of the Việt Cộng, the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union (a.k.a. the Hồ Chí Minh Youth) and the Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization. It also included the Democratic Party of Vietnam and Socialist Party of Vietnam, until they disbanded in 1988.[1] It also incorporates some officially sanctioned religious groups.

The Front is described by the Vietnamese government as "the political base of people's power." It is intended to have a significant role in society, promoting "national solidarity" and "unity of mind in political and spiritual matters." Many of the government's social programs are conducted through the Front. Recently, it has been given a role in programs to reduce poverty. The Front is also responsible for much of the government's policy on religion, and has the ability to determine which religious groups will receive official approval.

Perhaps more importantly, the Front is intended to supervise the activity of the government and of government organisations. Because the Front's power base is mass participation and popular mobilisation, it is seen as representative of the people, and both Vietnam's constitution and laws give it a special role. The Front has a particularly significant role in elections. Specifically, endorsement by the Front is generally required (in practice, if not in theory) to be a candidate for election. Almost all candidates are nominated by (and members of) the Front, with only a few "self-nominated" candidates avoiding the Front's veto. The Front's role in electoral nominations is mandated by law.

Leadership

Secretary General of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front since 1977:

Chairman of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front since 1977:

Formerly Front organisations

Tôn Đức Thắng giving the opening speech at the founding of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front in 1955

Electoral history

National Assembly elections

National Assembly
Election Votes % Seats +/–
1960 Unknown Unknown
421 / 421
 Increase 421
1964 8,580,002 100%
366 / 366
 Decrease 55
1971 Unknown Unknown
420 / 420
 Increase 54
1975 10,561,314 100%
424 / 424
 Increase
1976 22,895,611 100%
492 / 492
 Increase
1981 Unknown 100%
496 / 496
 Increase
1987 Unknown 100%
496 / 496
 Steady
1992 37,195,592 100%
395 / 395
 Decrease 101
1997 43,185,756 100%
450 / 450
 Increase 55
2002 49,211,275 100%
498 / 498
 Increase 48
2007 Unknown 100%
493 / 493
 Decrease 5
2011 61,965,651 Unknown
500 / 500
 Increase 7
2016 67,049,091 100%
475 / 494
 Decrease 25

References

  1. ^ Van, Dang. "The Rebirth of the Democratic Party of Vietnam and a basic principle of constitutionalism". newsgroups.derkeiler.com. derkeiler. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
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