Jump to content

Rage Against the Machine

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by ArielGold (talk | contribs) at 05:21, 23 July 2007 (Reverted 1 edit by Rmmer identified as vandalism to last revision by Luna Santin. using TW). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Rage Against the Machine

Rage Against the Machine (a.k.a. Rage or RATM) is a Grammy Award-winning American rock band, noted for their blend of hip hop, hard rock, punk and funk as well as their revolutionary socialist philosophy and lyrics.[1] Throughout their 9 year run, they became one of the most popular and influential political bands in music history.

The band split up in 2000, with vocalist Zack de la Rocha starting a low-key solo career, and guitarist Tom Morello, bassist Tim Commerford and drummer Brad Wilk forming the supergroup Audioslave along with former Soundgarden frontman Chris Cornell. In April 2007 Rage Against the Machine performed together for the first time in 7 years at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.

RATM drew inspiration from early metallic instrumentation, as well as rap acts such as Public Enemy and Afrika Bambaataa. Their music was based primarily on de la Rocha's rhyming styles and vocals along with their sound, especially Morello's unusual extended techniques.

Band history

Early years (1991–1992)

In 1991, guitarist Tom Morello left his old band, Lock Up, looking to start another band. Morello was in a club in L.A where Zack de la Rocha was rapping. Morello was impressed by de la Rocha's lyric books, and asked him to be the vocalist in a band. Morello called and drafted a drummer named Brad Wilk, who had previously auditioned for Lock Up, while de la Rocha convinced his childhood friend Tim Commerford to join as bassist.

The new band named themselves after a song de la Rocha had written for his former band, Inside Out.[2] Kent McClard, with whom Inside Out were associated, had previously coined the phrase in a 1989 article in his zine No Answers.[3]

Shortly after forming, they gave their first public performance in Orange County, California, where a friend of Commerford's was holding a house party. The blueprint for the group's major-label debut album was laid on a twelve-song self-released cassette, the cover image of which was the stock-market with a single match taped to the inlay card. Not all 12 songs made it onto the final album—two were eventually included as B-sides, with the remaining three songs never seeing an official release.[4]

Several record labels expressed interest, and the band eventually signed with Epic Records. Morello said, "Epic agreed to everything we asked—and they've followed through.... We never saw a[n] [ideological] conflict as long as we maintained creative control."[5]

Mainstream success (1992–2000)

File:RATM - live.jpg
RATM is known for its energetic live shows

The band's eponymous debut album, Rage Against the Machine, reached triple platinum status, driven by heavy radio play of the song "Killing in the Name", a heavy, driving track repeating six lines of lyrics. The uncensored version, which contains 17 iterations of the word fuck, was once notoriously played on the BBC Radio 1 Top 40 singles show.[6] The album's cover pictured Thích Quảng Đức, a Vietnamese Buddhist monk, burning himself to death in Saigon in 1963; Quảng Đức was protesting the murder of Buddhists by Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm's regime. To promote the album and its core message of social justice and equality, the band went on tour, playing at Lollapalooza 1993 and as support for Suicidal Tendencies in Europe.

After their debut album, the band appeared on the soundtrack for the film Higher Learning with the song "Year of tha Boomerang". An early version of "Tire Me" would also appear during the movie. Subsequently, they recorded an original song, "Darkness", for the soundtrack of The Crow and also "No Shelter" appeared on the Godzilla soundtrack.

Their second album, Evil Empire, entered Billboard's Top 200 chart at number one in 1996. The song "Bulls on Parade" was performed on Saturday Night Live in April 1996. Their planned two-song performance was cut to one song when the band attempted to hang inverted American flags from their amplifiers, a protest against having Republican presidential candidate Steve Forbes as guest host on the program that night.

In 1997, the band opened for U2 on their Popmart Tour, for which all Rage's profits went to support social organisations.[7] including U.N.I.T.E. , Women Alive and the Zapatista Front for National Liberation.[8] Rage subsequently began an abortive headlining US tour with special guests Wu-Tang Clan. Police in several jurisdictions unsuccessfully attempted to have the concerts cancelled, citing amongst other reasons, the bands' "violent and anti-law enforcement philosophies".[9][10] On the Japan leg of their tour promoting Evil Empire, a bootleg album composed of the band's B-side recordings titled Live & Rare was released by Sony Records. A live video, also titled Rage Against the Machine, was released later the same year.

The following release, The Battle of Los Angeles also debuted at number one in 1999, selling 450,000 copies the first week and then going double-platinum. That same year the song "Wake Up" was featured on the soundtrack of the film The Matrix. The track "Calm Like a Bomb" was later featured in the film's sequel, 2003's The Matrix Reloaded. In 2000, the band planned to support the Beastie Boys on the "Rhyme and Reason" tour; however, the tour was cancelled when Beastie Boys drummer Mike D suffered a serious injury.[11] By the time he recovered, Rage Against the Machine had disbanded.

Break-up and subsequent releases (2000–2003)

Renegades, RATM's last studio album

On October 18, 2000, de la Rocha released the following statement:

I feel that it is now necessary to leave Rage because our decision-making process has completely failed. It is no longer meeting the aspirations of all four of us collectively as a band, and from my perspective, has undermined our artistic and political ideal. I am extremely proud of our work, both as activists and musicians, as well as indebted and grateful to every person who has expressed solidarity and shared this incredible experience with us.

— Zack de la Rocha, MTV News[12]

Renegades, released shortly after the band's dissolution, was a collection of covers of artists as diverse as Devo, Cypress Hill, Minor Threat, MC5, Bruce Springsteen and Bob Dylan. The following year saw the release of another live video, The Battle of Mexico City.

Following the September 11th attacks, Clear Channel created a list of "songs with questionable lyrics"; RATM has the distinction of being the only band to have all its songs on the list.

A live album titled Live at the Grand Olympic Auditorium, an edited recording of their last concerts on September 12 and 13, 2000 at the Grand Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles, was released in 2003. It was accompanied by an expanded DVD release of the September 13 show, and also included the previously unreleased music video for "Bombtrack".

Post-breakup careers (2001–2007)

Audioslave

Main article: Audioslave

After the group's breakup, Morello, Wilk, and Commerford briefly tried to replace de la Rocha in RATM. Rumoured vocalists at the time included Rey Oropeza of downset., Chuck D of Public Enemy, and B-Real of Cypress Hill. However, the band teamed up with former Soundgarden singer Chris Cornell to form a new band, Audioslave. The first Audioslave single, "Cochise", was released in early November 2002, and the debut album, Audioslave, followed to mainly positive reviews. Their second album Out of Exile debuted at the number one position on the Billboard charts in 2005. The band released a third album named Revelations on September 5, 2006. The band vowed to have a "one-album-per-year" schedule, but Audioslave's future has been cast into doubt following Cornell's leaving on February 15, 2007.[13] Wilk and Commerford are contributing to Maynard James Keenan's side project Puscifer,[14] set for release in mid-October 2007,[15] while Morello is focusing on his own solo project.[16]

Zack de la Rocha

Main article: Zack de la Rocha § Post-Rage work

Meanwhile, de la Rocha had been working on a solo album collaboration with DJ Shadow, Company Flow, and The Roots' ?uestlove,[12] but dropped the project in favor of working with Nine Inch Nails' Trent Reznor.[17] Recording was completed, but the album will probably never be released.[18] A collaboration between de la Rocha and DJ Shadow, the song "March of Death" was released for free over the World Wide Web in 2003 in protest against the imminent invasion of Iraq,[19] and the 2004 soundtrack Songs and Artists that Inspired Fahrenheit 9/11 included one of the collaborations with Reznor, "We Want It All".[17] In late 2005, de la Rocha was seen singing and playing the jarana with Son Jarocho band Son de Madera on multiple occasions.[20]

The Nightwatchman

Main article: The Nightwatchman

Morello began his own solo career in 2003, playing political acoustic folk music at open-mic nights and various clubs under the alias The Nightwatchman. He first participated in Billy Bragg's Tell Us the Truth tour[21] with no plans to record,[22] but later recorded a song for Songs and Artists that Inspired Fahrenheit 9/11, "No One Left". In February 2007, he announced a solo album, One Man Revolution, which was released in April 2007.[16] He currently is a part of the Axis of Justice band.

Reunion (2007)

Members of the band had been offered large sums of money to reunite for concerts and tours, and had turned the offers down.[23] Rumors of bad blood between de la Rocha and the other former band members subsequently circulated, but Commerford said that he and de la Rocha see each other often and go surfing together, while Morello said he and de la Rocha communicate by phone, and had met up at a September 15, 2005 protest in support of the South Central Farm.[24] Morello and de la Rocha were photographed together at the protest, the first photograph of the two since the band's breakup. [25]

Rumors that Rage Against the Machine could reunite at the Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival were circulating in mid-January,[26] and were confirmed on January 22.[27] The band was confirmed to be headlining the final day of Coachella 2007.[28] The reunion was described by Morello as primarily being a vehicle to voice the band's opposition to the "right-wing purgatory" the United States has "slid into" under the George W. Bush administration since RATM's dissolution.[29] Though the performance was initially thought to be a one-off,[30] this turned out not to be the case.

On April 14, 2007, Morello and de la Rocha reunited onstage early to perform a brief acoustic set in downtown Chicago at a Coalition of Immokalee Workers rally in support of fairness in the fast food industry. Morello described the event as "very exciting for everybody in the room, myself included."[31] This was followed by the scheduled Coachella performance on Sunday, April 29. The band played in front of an EZLN backdrop to the largest crowds of the festival;[32] their performance was widely considered the festival's most anticipated.[32][33][34] A speech was made during "Wake Up" in which de la Rocha, citing a statement by Noam Chomsky regarding the Nuremburg trials,[35] said:[34]

...if the same laws were applied to U.S. presidents as were applied to the Nazis after World War II [...] every single one of them, every last rich white one of them from Truman on, would have been hung to death and shot - and this current administration is no exception. They should be hung, and tried, and shot. As any war criminal should be. But the challenges that we face, they go way beyond administrations, way beyond elections, way beyond every four years of pulling levers, way beyond that. Because this whole rotten system has become so vicious and cruel that in order to sustain itself, it needs to destroy entire countries and profit from their reconstruction in order to survive - and that's not a system that changes every four years, it's a system that we have to break down, generation after generation after generation after generation after generation.... Wake up.

The event led to a media furor.[36]

Future

Four more performances are planned as part of the Rock The Bells Festival with the Wu-Tang Clan.[37] Another concert at Alpine Valley in East Troy, Wisconsin on August 24 has also been announced with Queens of the Stone Age through the promotional website RATM82407.com.[38] RATM will make co-headlining appearances at New Orleans' Voodoo Music Experience in late October and the Vegoose festival which runs from Oct. 26th - 28th in the Las Vegas metropolitan area.[39] While there have been rumors of a full tour or permanent reunion since Audioslave broke up,[13] a full tour is not planned as of June 2007.[40] Beyond the Coachella and Rock The Bells performances, the band's future is uncertain,[40] but reports of shows planned as far in advance as December 2007 have circulated.[41] When asked if the band were planning on writing a new album, Morello replied:

There are no plans to do that… That's a whole other ball of wax right there. Writing and recording albums is a whole different thing than getting back on the bike (laughs), you know, and playing these songs. But I think that the one thing about the Rage catalog is that to me none of it feels dated. You know, it doesn't feel at all like a nostalgia show. It feels like these are songs that were born and bred to be played now.

— Tom Morello, Blabbermouth.net[42]

The All Music Guide and others list a new video or compilation release entitled Lowdown due August 28, 2007 through Sexy Intellectual Records.[43] This appears to an interview disc as this record company will releases albums with the same name for Nine Inch Nails[[1]] and Tool [[2]] on August 7, 2007.

Politics

RATM burning the flag of the United States at Woodstock 1999

Integral to their identity as a band, Rage Against the Machine voice revolutionary left-wing viewpoints highly critical of the domestic and foreign policies of the U.S. Throughout its existence, RATM and its individual members participated in political protests and other activism to advocate these beliefs. The band primarily saw its music as a vehicle for social activism. Morello said of wage slavery in America:

America touts itself as the land of the free, but the number one freedom that you and I have is the freedom to enter into a subservient role in the workplace. Once you exercise this freedom you've lost all control over what you do, what is produced, and how it is produced. And in the end, the product doesn't belong to you. The only way you can avoid bosses and jobs is if you don't care about making a living. Which leads to the second freedom: the freedom to starve.

— Tom Morello, Guitar World[44]

Meanwhile, detractors pointed out the tension between voicing commitment to leftist causes while being signed to Epic Records, a subsidiary of media conglomerate Sony Records. Infectious Grooves released a song called "Do What I Tell Ya!" which mocks lyrics from "Killing in the Name", accusing the band of being hypocrites. In response to such critiques, Morello offered the rebuttal:

When you live in a capitalistic society, the currency of the dissemination of information goes through capitalistic channels. Would Noam Chomsky object to his works being sold at Barnes & Noble? No, because that's where people buy their books. We're not interested in preaching to just the converted. It's great to play abandoned squats run by anarchists, but it's also great to be able to reach people with a revolutionary message, people from Granada Hills to Stuttgart.[5]

EZLN

The flag of the EZLN

The band were vocal supporters of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN), especially de la Rocha, who has taken trips to the Mexican state of Chiapas to aid their efforts. The flag of the EZLN is also the primary recurring theme in the band's visual art.

Mumia Abu-Jamal

The band were tireless advocates for the release of former Black Panther and Death Row inmate Mumia Abu-Jamal. De la Rocha spoke before the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in support of Abu-Jamal on April 12, 1999. RATM wrote and recorded "Voice of the Voiceless" for their 1999 album "The Battle of Los Angeles" to show their support for Mumia and those fighting to have him released. They also performed at a benefit concert with all proceeds donated to the International Concerned Family And Friends Of Mumia Abu-Jamal.

Leonard Peltier

The band also raised funds and awareness for life-sentenced political activist and convicted murderer Leonard Peltier. At their live shows, before playing "Freedom", Zack would often repeat, "It's been 20 years, there's no proof and he's still in jail!" The music video for Freedom also documented the Peltier case.

PMRC protest

File:Lollapaloozaratm.jpg
RATM protesting Parents Music Resource Center

At a 1993 Lollapalooza appearance in Philadelphia, the band stood onstage naked for 15 minutes with duct tape on their mouths and the letters PMRC painted on their chests in protest against censorship by the Parents Music Resource Center.[45] The only sound emitted was audio feedback from Morello and Commerford's guitars. Regarding this event, Wilk said "The first ten minutes they were going nuts, but after ten minutes they were getting pissed."[46] The band later played a free show for disappointed fans.[46]

Want me to be perfectly frank? The size of my penis — that's what was going through my mind in Philadelphia. It looked like I'd just stepped out of the ocean. I swear to God, it's bigger than that. So I was thinking: I wish I'd worn boxer shorts before instead of briefs, because briefs kinda like constrict me. I took them off and it was this ... half-roll of nickels.

— Tim Commerford [47]

I was thinking about how the wind felt underneath my scrotum, what the people in the front were thinking, and all the cameras flashing and what they were going to be thinking as they developed their film. Actually, doing that was no big deal. It didn't freak me out. That's how we all came into the world. It's a liberating thing.

— Brad Wilk, Modern Drummer [46]

"Sleep Now in the Fire" video shoot

On January 26, 2000, filming of the music video for "Sleep Now in the Fire" – directed by Michael Moore – caused the doors of the New York Stock Exchange to be closed, and the band to be escorted from the site by security, although trading continued uninterrupted[48]. The Stock Exchange locked its doors midday in response to fears of crowds gathering to watch the filming.[49] Footage of enthusiastic Wall Street employees headbanging to Rage's music was used in the final video. “We decided to shoot this video in the belly of the beast”, said Moore, who was threatened with arrest during the shooting of the video, despite the band having a federal permit to perform.

2000 Democratic National Convention

Further information: 2000 DNC protest activity

RATM played a free concert at the 2000 Democratic National Convention in protest of the two-party system. The band had been considering playing a protest concert there since April of that year.[50] Although they were at first required by the City of Los Angeles to perform in a small venue at a considerable distance, early in August a United States district court judge ruled that the City's request was too restrictive and the City subsequently allowed the protests and concert to be held at a site across from the DNC.[50] The police response was to increase security measures, which included a 12' fence and patrolling by a minimum of 2,000 officers wearing riot gear, as well as additional horses, motorcycles, squad cars and police helicopters.[51] A police spokesperson said they were "gravely concerned because of security reasons".[51]

During the concert, de la Rocha said to the crowd, "brothers and sisters, our democracy has been hijacked,"[50] and later also shouted "we have a right to oppose these motherfuckers!"[52] After the performance, a small group of attendees congregated at the point in the protest area closest to the DNC, facing the police officers, throwing rocks,[53] and possibly engaging in more violent activity, such as throwing glass, concrete and water bottles filled with "noxious agents,"[54] spraying ammonia on police and slingshotting rocks and steel balls.[55] The police soon after declared the gathering an unlawful assembly,[52] shut off the electrical supply, interrupting performing band Ozomatli,[53] and informed the protestors that they had 20 minutes to disperse on pain of arrest.[56] Some of the protestors remained, however, including two young men who climbed the fence and waved black flags, who were subsequently shot in the face with pepper spray.[55] Police then forcibly dispersed the crowd, using tear gas, pepper spray and rubber bullets.[55] At least six people were arrested in the incident.[56]

The police faced severe and broad criticism for their reaction, with an American Civil Liberties Union spokesperson saying that it was "nothing less than an orchestrated police riot."[54] Several primary witnesses reported unnecessarily violent actions and police abuses, including firing on reporters[53] and people obeying police commands[56]. Police responded that their response was "outstanding" and "clearly disciplined."[56] De la Rocha said of the incident, "I don't care what fucking television station said the violence was caused by the people at the concert, those motherfuckers unloaded on this crowd. And I think it's ridiculous considering, you know, none of us had rubber bullets, none of us had M16s, none of us had billy clubs, none of us had face shields."[57]

Footage of the protest and ensuing violence, along with an MTV News report on the incident, was included in the Live at the Grand Olympic Auditorium DVD.

Other activism

Some other controversial stands taken include that of the music video for the song "Bombtrack", in which RATM expresses support for the Peruvian guerilla organization Shining Path and their incarcerated leader Abimael Guzmán. Over its career, the band played benefit concerts for organizations such as Rock for Choice, the Anti-Nazi League, the United Farm Workers, children's care organization Para Los Niños and UNITE.[58] The band also raised funds for Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting, the National Commission for Democracy in Mexico, Women Alive, and played at the Tibetan Freedom Concert on more than one occasion.[58] Album liner notes contained promotional material for AK Press, Amnesty International, the Committee to Support the Revolution in Peru, the Hollywood Sunset Free Clinic, Indymedia, Mass Mic, Parents for Rock and Rap, the Popular Resource Center, RE: GENERATION, Refuse and Resist, Revolution Books, the Rock & Rap Confidential, and Voices in the Wilderness.

Discography

Main article: Rage Against the Machine discography

Studio albums

Date of Release Title Label US Billboard Peak US Sales UK Album Chart
1992 Rage Against the Machine Epic Records #45 3x Platinum[59] #17
1996 Evil Empire Epic Records #1 3x Platinum[59] #4
1999 The Battle of Los Angeles Epic Records #1 2x Platinum[59] #23
2000 Renegades Epic Records #14 Platinum[59] #71

Awards

Grammy Awards:
MTV Video Music Awards:

It should be noted that the infamous event where Tim Commerford climbed to the top of the stage set and nearly brought the left stage down occurred at the 2000 MTV VMAs. Reportedly, Commerford did it in protest of the fact that Limp Bizkit, whose video was merely other celebrities lip-synching the words to the song "Break Stuff" in front of the band performing, won Best Rock Video instead of Rage Against The Machine's "Sleep Now in the Fire".

On May 4, 2006 "Bulls on Parade" entered VH1's 40 Greatest Metal Songs at #15.

In 2004, The Battle of Los Angeles and Rage Against the Machine both were entered into Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. The Battle of Los Angeles placed 426 and Rage Against the Machine placed 368.

RATM lyrics and quotations have become popular as protest slogans

The phrase rage against the machine, used as a verb or noun phrase indicating rebellion, has become prevalent in popular culture with the band's success. On a podcast of The Ricky Gervais Show, Stephen Merchant joked that Gervais was "raging against the machine" when he wore a t-shirt with Bullshit written on it as a teenager. In another example, a conversation with one of the NPCs in the game Vampire: The Masquerade - Bloodlines contains the dialogue option, "So how long have you guys raged against the machine?"

In the band Harvey Danger's song, "Flagpole Sitta" off the album "Where Have All the Merrymakers Gone?", one of the lines is "I wanna' publish zines / and rage against machines"

The phrase has also seen some popularity in politics. Raj Pannu led the social democratic party, the Alberta New Democrats, during the 2001 election under the slogan "Raj Against the Machine".[60]

Such wordplay with the band's name were common during the height of their success. Such puns included the musical comedy sketches "Rage against the Coke Machine (interlude)" from OPM's Menace to Sobriety and "Rage Against the Answering Machine" by Ugly Kid Joe. Alternative rock band TISM released an album entitled Machines Against the Rage.

The Simpsons has passed references to both the band and the phrase; In one episode, Bart says that his t-shirt, adorned with "Adults suck, then you are one", expresses his "rage at the machine",[61] and in a later episode Bart says "When I raged against the machine, money poured out" after destroying school vending machines.[62]

The band have also been referenced in musical parody and tribute albums. The band's name is parodied in that of the comedy band, Richard Cheese and Lounge Against the Machine. That group's album Lounge Against the Machine contains a lounge version of the song "Guerrilla Radio". The "Weird Al" Yankovic album Straight Outta Lynwood contains the song "I'll Sue Ya", which he states is a parody of Rage Against the Machine's musical style.[63] Two various artists tribute albums were released, Freedom: A Tribute to Rage Against the Machine in 2001 and the Spanish language album Tributo a Rage Against the Machine En Español in 2005. Additionally, A Tribute to Rage Against the Machine, a knock-off labelled a "tribute" recorded by anonymous session musicians, was released in 2003.

Notes and citations

  1. ^ All Music Guide entry for Rage Against the Machine retrieved May 3, 2007
  2. ^ Myers, Ben (October 16, 1999), Hello, Hello... ...It's Good To Be Back, Kerrang!. Retrieved February 27, 2007.
  3. ^ McClard, Kent, History of Ebullition Records. Retrieved February 19, 2007
  4. ^ Woodlief, Mark. "Rage Against the Machine". TrouserPress.com. Retrieved 2007-01-07.
  5. ^ a b Rage Against the Machine FAQ, Internet Archive cache of FAQ on the official Rage Against the Machine website. Retrieved February 17, 2007
  6. ^ Robinson, John (January 29, 2000). "The Revolution Will Not be Trivialised". NME. Retrieved 2007-02-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  7. ^ [http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A730883 BBC.co.uk entry for Rage Against the Machine
  8. ^ "Rage Against the Machine and U2 Make a Perfect Pairing" (newspaper article). The State. Retrieved 2007-07-11.
  9. ^ "Police Censorship Targets Rage" (online article). Revolutionary Worker #925. Retrieved 2007-07-11.
  10. ^ "Judge Gives Go-Ahead For Rage Concert Tomorrow At The Gorge" (newspaper article). Seattle Times. Retrieved 2007-07-11.
  11. ^ "Really Randoms: Jessica Simpson, Oasis" (magazine article). Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-07-11.
  12. ^ a b Armstrong, Mark (October 18, 2000). "Zack de la Rocha Leaves Rage Against the Machine". MTV News. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ a b Harris, Chris (February 15, 2007). "Chris Cornell Talks Audioslave Split, Nixes Rumors Of Soundgarden Reunion". MTV News. Retrieved 2007-02-16. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ^ Maynard James Keenan (2007-02-24). "Muzak 02/24/07". Puscifer.com. Retrieved 2007-03-02. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ Maynard James Keenan (2007-04-10). "Spring Sprung". Puscifer.com. Retrieved 2007-04-17. I may be shooting for a fall release. Maybe mid October. Hard to say. So much needs to happen between now and then. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ a b Harris, Chris (February 6, 2007). "Nightwatchman, Rage Reunion Have Morello Fired Up For Political Fights". MTV News. Retrieved 2007-02-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  17. ^ a b Moss, Corey (May 10, 2005). "Reznor Says Collabos With De La Rocha, Keenan May Never Surface". MTV News. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  18. ^ Gargano, Paul (October 2005). "Nine Inch Nails (interview)". Maximum Ink Music Magazine. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  19. ^ Zack de la Rocha.com, official website promoting "March of Death". Retrieved February 17, 2007.
  20. ^ "King of Rage Onstage Again" (February 2006), Spin.
  21. ^ Wiederhorn, Jon (October 22, 2003). "Tom Morello Rages Against A New Machine On Solo Acoustic Tour". MTV News. Retrieved 2007-02-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  22. ^ Moss, Corey (July 29, 2004). "Audioslave's Morello Says New LP Feels Less Like Soundgarden + Rage". MTV News. Retrieved 2007-02-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ^ "Chris Cornell Working on Solo Release - But Dismisses Rumors of Audioslave Split". MTV News. MTV.com. Retrieved 2007-01-07.
  24. ^ Rockline interviews Audioslave. August 29, 2006. Free recording of interview.
  25. ^ Photo of de la Rocha with Morello and photographer's comments
  26. ^ Cohen, Jonathan (January 19, 2007). "Morello Goes Solo, Rage To Reunite?". Billboard. Billboard.com. Retrieved 2007-01-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  27. ^ Boucher, Geoff (January 22, 2007). "Rage Against the Machine will reunite for Coachella". Los Angeles Times. LATimes.com. Retrieved 2007-01-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  28. ^ Finn, Natalie (January 22, 2007). "Rage On at Coachella". E! News. EOnline.com. Retrieved 2007-01-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  29. ^ "Rage Against The Machine discuss reunion". NME. February 2, 2007. Retrieved 2007-02-03. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ Cohen, Jonathan (January 22, 2007). "Rage, Bjork, Chili Peppers Sign On For Coachella". Billboard. Billboard.com. Retrieved 2007-01-24. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  31. ^ "Rage Against the Machine Guitarist Calls Rally Performance 'Very Exciting'". Launch Radio Networks. 93X Rock News. April 20, 2007. Retrieved 2007-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ a b Staff Writer (April 30, 2007). "Rage Against The Machine reunite at Coachella". NME. Retrieved 2007-05-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  33. ^ Sulugiuc, Gelu (April 30, 2007). "Rage Against the Machine reunites". Reuters. Yahoo! News. Retrieved 2007-05-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ a b Moss, Corey (April 30, 2007). "Rage Against The Machine's Ferocious Reunion Caps Coachella's Final Night". MTV News. MTV.com. Retrieved 2007-05-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  35. ^ Tom Morello interviews Noam Chomsky, ZMag. Accessed June 21, 2007.
  36. ^ "Rage Against Bush". Spin. May 4, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-15. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  37. ^ First reported in the LA Times: Boucher (February 24, 2007). "Rage Against the Machine adds more dates". LA Times. Retrieved 2007-02-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Text "first-Geoff" ignored (help) Later confirmed on RATM's official website: Official website. Retrieved on February 27, 2007).
  38. ^ Concert poster, RATM82407.com. Retrieved July 9, 2007.
  39. ^ Waddell, Ray (June 26, 2007). "Rage To Co-Headline Vegoose Festival". Billboard. Retrieved 2007-06-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  40. ^ a b "Full Rage Against The Machine Tour Not In The Works, Says Guitarist Tom Morello". Launch Radio Networks. MetalUnderground.com. March 29, 2007. Retrieved 2007-04-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  41. ^ Farber, Jim (April 3, 2007). "Audiences think reuniting feels so good - but the musicians often have other thoughts". New York Daily News. Retrieved 2007-05-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  42. ^ "Tom Morello: 'No Plans' For New Rage Against The Machine Album". Blabbermouth.net. Ultimateguitar.com. May 1, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-01. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  43. ^ allmusic.com entry for Lowdown. Accessed June 9, 2007.
  44. ^ Young, Charles M. (February 1997), Tom Morello: Artist of the Year interview, Guitar World. Retrieved February 17, 2007.
  45. ^ "Rage Against The Machine". Velvetland.org. Retrieved 2007-06-24. (Image of PMRC protest available at this site.)
  46. ^ a b c Micallef, Ken (March 1996), Rage Against The Machine's Brad Wilk, Modern Drummer. Retrieved February 17, 2007.
  47. ^ Devenish, Colin (2001), Rage Against the Machine: St. Martin's Griffin ISBN 0-312-27316-6
  48. ^ ""New York Stock Exchange Special Closings, 1885-date" (PDF). NYSE Group. Retrieved 2007-04-07.
  49. ^ Basham, David (January 28, 2000). "Rage Against The Machine Shoots New Video With Michael Moore". MTV News. Retrieved 2007-02-17. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  50. ^ a b c Asch, Andrew (August 15, 2000). "Rage Wage Battle of Los Angeles at DNC". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-02-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  51. ^ a b "Protest concert due tonight outside convention: Security tight in Los Angeles". CNN. August 14, 200. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  52. ^ a b Bleyer, Jennifer (August 15, 200). "LAPD unleashes horses-pepper spray-rubber bullets". Scoop Independent News. Indymedia. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  53. ^ a b c York, Anthony (August 15, 200). "Rage against the cops". Salon.com Politics. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  54. ^ a b White, Jerry (August 17, 200). "Los Angeles police attack protesters at Democratic convention". World Socialist Web Site. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  55. ^ a b c "Convention opens to protests, rubber bullets". CNN. August 15, 200. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  56. ^ a b c d "Police defend use of pepper spray, rubber bullets at Democratic Convention protest". CNN. August 15, 200. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  57. ^ Live at the Grand Olympic Auditorium DVD, Grand Olympic Auditorium performance, part of de la Rocha's speech.
  58. ^ a b Rage Against the Machine: A Time Line, time line of RATM's career, official website. Retrieved Fenruary 19, 2007.
  59. ^ a b c d Recording Industry Association of America RIAA
  60. ^ Moroz, Ross. "Dr Raj Pannu retires (the Machine, presumably, keeps on running)". Vue Weekly. Retrieved 2007-02-19.
  61. ^ "Fat Man and Little Boy", The Simpsons. Original airdate December 12, 2004.
  62. ^ "The Heartbroke Kid", The Simpsons. Original airdate May 1, 2005.
  63. ^ "Weird Al unleashes his new album with a Bill Plympton Video DON'T DOWNLOAD THIS SONG!!!". Ain't It Cool News. 2006-09-11. Retrieved 2007-02-07. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

References

Devenish, Colin (2001), Rage Against the Machine: St. Martin's Griffin ISBN 0-312-27316-6

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rage Against the Machine.

Template:Link FA Template:Link FA

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rage_Against_the_Machine&oldid=146464007"