List of members of the Senate of the Netherlands, 2019–2023
Between 11 June 2019 and 6 June 2023, 91 individuals served as representatives in Senate, the 75-seat upper house of the States-General of the Netherlands. 75 members were elected in the 27 May 2019 Senate election, and 16 members were appointed as replacements as elected representatives resigned or went on leave. Jan Anthonie Bruijn was elected President of the Senate on 2 July 2019.
During this period, the Third Rutte cabinet and Fourth Rutte cabinet reigned. Both coalitions were made up People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD, 12 seats), Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA, 9 seats), Democrats 66 (D66, 7 seats) and Christian Union (CU, 4 seats). Totalling 32 seats, the coalition never had a majority in the Senate during this period.
The opposition consisted - at the start - of Forum for Democracy (FvD, 12 seats), GroenLinks (GL, 8 seats), Labour Party (PvdA, 6 seats), Party for Freedom (PVV, 5 seats), Socialist Party (SP, 4 seats), Party for the Animals (PvdD, 3 seats), 50PLUS (50+, 2 seats), Reformed Political Party (SGP, 3 seats) and Independent Politics Netherlands (OSF, 1 seat).
Resignations generally do not affect the balance of power, as replacements are appointed from the party list. However, during the term three new parliamentary groups were created, all split off Forum for Democracy. In July–August 2019, Henk Otten, Jeroen de Vries and Dorien Rookmaker left to form the Fractie-Otten. In February 2020, Rookmaker left and was replaced by Otto Hermans who joined the Forum for Democracy group again. In November–December 2020, another 8 members left Forum for Democracy, to form the Fractie-Van Pareren, which was later renamed Fractie-Nanninga. When Nicki Pouw-Verweij (member of the Fractie-Nanninga) left the Senate, she was replaced by Theo Hiddema who joined the Forum for Democracy group. Finally, in March 2022, Paul Frentrop and Theo Hiddema left Forum for Democracy to form the Fractie-Frentrop. This left Forum for Democracy at the end of the term with only one seat.
Members
[edit]Name | Party | Assumed office | Term end | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Micky Adriaansens | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 9 January 2022[a] | [1] | |
Alfred Arbouw | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [2] | |
Bastiaan van Apeldoorn | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [3] | |
Joop Atsma | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [4] | |
Martine Baay-Timmerman | 50+ | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [5] | |
Joris Backer | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [6] | |
Robert Baljeu | Fractie-Otten | 15 December 2020 | 14 February 2021 | [7] | |
Pim van Ballekom | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [8] | |
Caspar van den Berg | VVD | 18 January 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Hugo Berkhout | FVD[b] | 26 October 2020 | 12 June 2023 | [9] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren[c] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga[d] | |||||
Toine Beukering | FVD[b] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [10] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren[c] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga[d] | |||||
Ilse Bezaan | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [11] | |
Mirjam Bikker | CU | 11 June 2019 | 30 March 2021[e] | [12] | |
Mirjam de Blécourt | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [13] | |
Margreet de Boer | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [14] | |
Annelien Bredenoord | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [15] | |
Jan Anthonie Bruijn | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [16] | |
Reina de Bruijn-Wezeman | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [17] | |
Eric van der Burg | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 9 January 2022[a] | [18] | |
Paul Cliteur | FVD | 11 June 2019 | 25 November 2020 | [19] | |
Ferd Crone | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [20] | |
Johan Dessing | FVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [21] | |
Diederik van Dijk | SGP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [22] | |
Boris Dittrich | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [23] | |
Hugo Doornhof | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [24] | |
Peter Essers | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [25] | |
Peter Ester | CU | 11 June 2019 | 11 December 2022[f] | [26] | |
Marjolein Faber | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [27] | |
Mary Fiers | PvdA | 12 October 2021 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Paul Frentrop | FVD[g] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [28] | |
Fractie-Frentrop[h] | |||||
Ruard Ganzevoort | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [29] | |
Paulien Geerdink | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [30] | |
Gerben Gerbrandy | OSF | 11 June 2019 | 15 January 2021[i] | [31] | |
Arda Gerkens | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [32] | |
Roel van Gurp | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [33] | |
Alexander van Hattem | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [34] | |
Otto Hermans | FVD[b] |
10 September 2019 | 12 November 2019 | [35] | |
18 February 2020 | 12 June 2023 | ||||
Fractie-Van Pareren[j] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga[d] | |||||
Theo Hiddema | FVD[g] | 13 April 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [36] | |
Fractie-Frentrop[h] | |||||
Alexandra van Huffelen | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 29 January 2021[a] | [37] | |
Tineke Huizinga-Heringa | CU | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [38] | |
Rik Janssen | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [39] | |
Annemarie Jorritsma-Lebbink | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [40] | |
Hamit Karakus | PvdA | 2 March 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [41] | |
Farah Karimi | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [42] | |
Simone Kennedy-Doornbos | CU | 17 January 2023 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Niek Jan van Kesteren | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [43] | |
Ton van Kesteren | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [44] | |
Jan Keunen | VVD | 26 October 2020 | 12 June 2023 | [45] | |
Tanja Klip-Martin | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [46] | |
Saskia Kluit | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [47] | |
Ben Knapen | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 24 September 2021[k] | [48] | |
8 February 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||||
Niko Koffeman | PvdD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [49] | |
Ruud Koole | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [50] | |
Tiny Kox | SP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [51] | |
Mirjam Krijnen | GL | 27 September 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Lennart van der Linden | FVD[b] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [52] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren[c] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga[d] | |||||
Henk Jan Meijer | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [53] | |
Carla Moonen | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [54] | |
Annabel Nanninga | FVD | 11 June 2019 | 29 October 2020[l] | [55] | |
Fractie-Nanninga | 15 February 2021 | 12 June 2023 | |||
Peter Nicolaï | PvdD | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [56] | |
Jopie Nooren | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 1 March 2021[m] | [57] | |
Ria Oomen-Ruijten | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [58] | |
Henk Otten | FVD[n] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [59] | |
Fractie-Otten[o] | |||||
Bob van Pareren | FVD[b] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [60] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren[c] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga[d] | |||||
Henk Pijlman | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [61] | |
Nicki Pouw-Verweij | FVD[b] |
11 June 2019 | 23 July 2019[l] | [62] | |
13 November 2019 | 30 March 2021[e] | ||||
Fractie-Van Pareren[c] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga[p] | |||||
Henriëtte Prast | PvdD | 6 April 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [63] | |
Greet Prins | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [64] | |
Ton Raven | OSF | 19 January 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [65] | |
Jeroen Recourt | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [66] | |
Theo Rietkerk | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [67] | |
Ton Rombouts | CDA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [68] | |
Dorien Rookmaker | FVD[q] | 11 June 2019 | 9 February 2020 | [69] | |
Fractie-Otten[r] | |||||
Martin van Rooijen | 50+ | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [70] | |
Paul Rosenmöller | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [71] | |
Peter Schalk | SGP | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [72] | |
Esther-Mirjam Sent | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 7 October 2021[s] | [73] | |
Jonathan Soeharno | CDA | 24 September 2021 | 2 February 2022[t] | ||
Petra Stienen | D66 | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [74] | |
Gom van Strien | PVV | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [75] | |
Hendrik-Jan Talsma | CU | 6 April 2021 | 12 June 2023 | [76] | |
Christine Teunissen | PvdD | 11 June 2019 | 30 March 2021[e] | [77] | |
Gala Veldhoen | GL | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [78] | |
Kees Vendrik | GL | 11 June 2019 | 27 September 2022[u] | [79] | |
Maarten Verkerk | CU | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [80] | |
Peter van der Voort | D66 | 4 February 2020 | 12 June 2023 | [81] | |
Lucas Vos | VVD | 18 January 2022 | 12 June 2023 | ||
Mei Li Vos | PvdA | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [82] | |
Jeroen de Vries | FVD[q] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [83] | |
Fractie-Otten[r] | |||||
Loek van Wely | FVD[v] | 11 June 2019 | 12 June 2023 | [84] | |
Fractie-Van Pareren[w] | |||||
Fractie-Nanninga[d] | |||||
Roel Wever | VVD | 11 June 2019 | 16 October 2020 | [85] |
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c Left to join the cabinet
- ^ a b c d e f Until 28 November 2020
- ^ a b c d e Between 29 November 2020 and 14 February 2021
- ^ a b c d e f Since 15 February 2021
- ^ a b c Left to join the House of Representatives
- ^ Died in office
- ^ a b Until 30 March 2022
- ^ a b Starting 31 March 2022
- ^ Left because of health issues
- ^ Between 28 November 2020 and 14 February 2021
- ^ Left to temporarily join the caretaker cabinet
- ^ a b Went on parental leave
- ^ Left to become chair of the Hogeschool van Amsterdam
- ^ Until 27 July 2019
- ^ Since 28 July 2019
- ^ Since 15 February 2021
- ^ a b Until 19 August 2019
- ^ a b Since 20 August 2019
- ^ Left to become chair of the Labour Party
- ^ Left so Ben Knapen could return to the Senate
- ^ Left to become chair of the platform for social dialogue and reflection on climate policy
- ^ Until 7 December 2020
- ^ Between 8 December 2020 and 14 February 2021
References
[edit]- ^ "Mr.drs. M.A.M. Adriaansens (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 September 2022.
- ^ "A.L.E. Arbouw (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.dr. E.B. van Apeldoorn (SP)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "J.J. Atsma (CDA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. M.H.H. Baay-Timmerman (50PLUS)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Jhr.mr. J.P. Backer (D66)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "R.J.P. Baljeu (Fractie-Otten)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "W.T. van Ballekom (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "H.A. Berkhout (Fractie-Nanninga)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Bgen (b.d.) drs. A.J.A. Beukering (Fractie-Nanninga)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. I.A. Bezaan (PVV)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "Mr. M.A. de Blécourt-Wouterse (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "E. van der Burg (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Retrieved 3 September 2022.
- ^ "Prof.dr. P.B. Cliteur". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "J. Dessing (FVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. D.J.H. van Dijk (SGP)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. B.O. Dittrich (D66)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "Dr. P.M.L. Frentrop (FVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.dr. R.R. Ganzevoort (GroenLinks)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. P.W. Geerdink (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "A.W.J.A. van Hattem (PVV)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. O.J. Hermans (Fractie-Nanninga)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. T.U. Hiddema (FVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. A.C. van Huffelen (D66)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "J.C. Huizinga-Heringa (ChristenUnie)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. R.A. Janssen (SP)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "A. Jorritsma-Lebbink (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "H. Karakus (PvdA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "F. Karimi (GroenLinks)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. N.J.J. van Kesteren (CDA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "A.J.M. van Kesteren (PVV)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "Dr. H.P.M. Knapen (CDA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. N.K. Koffeman (PvdD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.dr. R.A. Koole (PvdA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "M.J.M. Kox (SP)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "L.P. van der Linden MSc. (Fractie-Nanninga)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. H.J. Meijer (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Ir.ing. C.P.M. Moonen (D66)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "A. Nanninga (Fractie-Nanninga)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.mr. P. Nicolaï (PvdD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 20 January 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. J.E.A.M. Nooren (PvdA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "M.G.H.C. Oomen-Ruijten (CDA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr.drs. H. Otten (Fractie-Otten)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "J. van Pareren (Fractie-Nanninga)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. H.J. Pijlman (D66)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "N.J.F. Pouw-Verweij (JA21)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.dr. H.M. Prast (PvdD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "G. Prins (CDA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "A.C.M. Raven (OSF)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr. J. Recourt (PvdA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. Th.W. Rietkerk (CDA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Mr.dr. A.G.J.M. Rombouts (CDA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. D. Rookmaker (Fractie-Otten)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. M.J. van Rooijen (50PLUS)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "P. Rosenmöller (GroenLinks)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "P. Schalk (SGP)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.dr. E.M. Sent (PvdA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. C.P.W.J. Stienen MA (D66)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "Mr. H.J.J. Talsma (ChristenUnie)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
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- ^ "Mr. G.V.M. Veldhoen (GroenLinks)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "C.C.M. Vendrik (GroenLinks)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.dr. M.J. Verkerk (ChristenUnie)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Prof.dr. P.H.J. van der Voort M.Sc. (D66)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Dr. M.L. Vos (PvdA)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "J.W.E. de Vries (Fractie-Otten)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "L.F.A.M. van Wely (Fractie-Nanninga)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ "Drs. R. Wever (VVD)". Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.