List of supernatural beings in Chinese folklore

Erlang Shen's Heavenly Troops capturing a dragon, in one of the Searching the Mountains for Demons-paintings (zh:搜山图)

The following is a list of supernatural beings in Chinese folklore and fiction originating from traditional folk culture and contemporary literature such as Pu Songling's Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio.

This list contains supernatural beings who are inherently "evil" or that tend towards malevolence, such as ghosts and demons, hobgoblins and sprites, and even some ambivalent deities. It also includes uncanny or eerie entities that are not necessarily evil or harmful, but which evoke a sense of alienation.

Aoyin (傲因)

The Aoyin. is an ancient humanoid monster with a long tongue, sharp claws, and wearing tattered clothes. A ravenous man-eater with a taste for human brains. Found in desolate Western regions.

It is recorded in "Shenyi Jing: Southwest Desolate Classic" (神异经·西南荒经).

Ba jiao gui (芭蕉鬼)

Ba jiao gui (Chinese: 芭蕉鬼; pinyin: bā jiāo guǐ; lit. 'banana ghost') is a female ghost that dwells in a banana tree and appears wailing under the tree at night, sometimes carrying a baby.

In some folktales from Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore, greedy people ask for lottery numbers from the ghost in the hope of winning money. They tie a red string around the tree trunk, stick sharp needles into the tree, and tie the other end of the string to their beds. At night, the ghost appears and begs the person to set her free. In return, she will give them a set of winning numbers. If the person does not fulfil his/her promise to set the ghost free after winning, they will meet with a horrible death. This ghost is similar in some aspects to the Pontianak/Kuntilanak in Malay and Indonesian folklore.

Baigujing (白骨精)

Main article: Baigujing

Also known as Lady White Bone. A cunning, shapeshifting being that developed from the exposed skeleton of a maiden that had absorbed the energy of the sun and moon. In the novel the Journey to the West, she desires to consume the flesh of the travelling monk Tang San Zang in order to obtain immortality and assumes various guises in order to do so.

Black Wind Calamity

Chinese history records that the Zhili region (the area around Beijing directly administered by the emperor) often experienced black fogs or vapors from which ghastly beings emerged. These black fogs are reported left behind grievous injuries among the population wherever they went. The beings they contain are said to have been variously dog-like or serpentine. Whenever these black winds struck, the emperor made petitions to heaven, issued decrees of repentance and granted general pardons.

Chimei (魑魅)

Chimei (魅魅) are wilderness demons. Sometimes regarded as demons of the mountains and forests that are born of aberrant qi or energy. The character "魅" suggests the supernatural power of enchantment or allurement.

Often contrasted with wangliang (魍魎), who are demons of the marshes and rivers. The term chimeiwangliang (魅魅魍魎) means all kinds of demons, goblins and ghouls and is used as a metaphor for bad people in general.

Likely related to the one-horned dragon, or 螭, or a homonymous creature the 螭魅, which is a beast with a human head that likes to bewilder people.

See also: wangliang, Chi (mythology).

Daolaogui (刀劳鬼)

The Daolaogui are said to generally found in damp and cold places in the deep mountains, and specifically often haunts the deep mountains of the Linchuan area of Jiangxi Province. There are both male and female Daolaogui: the male is dark green, while the female is purple, and male Daolaogui are more toxic than female ones. The Daolaogui often appears accompanied by strong winds and heavy rain, possibly because they want to hide their voice, which sounds like a grown man roaring.

The Daolaogui has a frightening appearance, and can shoot a highly poisonous gas from its mouth. If the victim inhales or contacts the gas, they will be poisoned, swell up quickly, and die within a day. After dying, they will become a Daolaogui themselves if their corpse is not burned. However, the Daolaogui does not move very fast, so one may escape an Daolaogui encounter by holding their breath and running away quickly, and one may also survive partial poisonings by cutting off swollen areas within half a day.

Di fu ling

Di fu ling (traditional Chinese: 地縛靈; simplified Chinese: 地缚灵; pinyin: dì fù líng; lit. 'Earth-bound spirit') refers to ghosts who are bound to certain locations on Earth, such as their place of burial or a place they had a strong attachment to when they were alive.

Diao si gui

Diao si gui (Chinese: 吊死鬼; pinyin: diào sǐ guǐ; lit. 'hanged ghost') are the ghosts of people who died from hanging due to various reasons (e.g. execution, suicide, accident). They are usually depicted with long red tongues sticking out of their mouths.

E gui

Main articles: Hungry ghosts in Chinese religion and Preta

E gui (traditional Chinese: 餓鬼; simplified Chinese: 饿鬼; pinyin: è guǐ; lit. 'hungry ghost') refers to ghosts that appear during the Ghost Festival. They are the spirits of people who committed sins out of greed when they were alive, and have been condemned to suffer in hunger after death. The e gui is usually depicted as having green or grey skin, a mouth too small for ingesting food, and sometimes with a potbelly. The ghost suffers from insatiable hunger and roams the streets and kitchens in search of offerings and decomposed food. These hungry ghosts consume anything, including excreted waste and rotten flesh. There are various types: some have fire-breathing abilities while others suffer from anorexia.

Fang Xiang (方相)

Also means a ritual exorcist in ancient China deploying fierce animalistic masks.

Elsewhere described as a demonic creature that ate the brains of the dead in tombs and which can be killed by twigs of the arborvitae. It has an aspect that is like a cross between a pig and a sheep while being anthropomorphic enough to be represented by human statues.

Four-eyed variants are known as Qi, and their brains have medicinal value.

Fen Yang (墳羊)

Literal meaning: "grave goat".

A subterranean goat-like demon mentioned in the Guoyu (Discourses of the States) by Confucious. A sheep-like being of the earth, sometimes said to be born in wells. Usually regarded as necrophagous, invading tombs to eat corpses. Sometimes regarded as a demon with an undeveloped sexuality, and responsible for haunting houses and ruins, as well as afflicting children with epilepsy.

"When] water gives birth to water bugs or clams, or mountains give birth to gold and jade, people do not find it strange. ... But when mountains give off Xiaoyang (梟陽), water gives birth to Wangxiang (罔象), wood gives birth to Bifang (畢方), and wells give birth to Fenyang (墳羊), people find it strange."

Gui po

Gui po (Chinese: 鬼婆; pinyin: guǐ pó; lit. 'old woman ghost') is a ghost that takes the form of a peaceful and friendly old woman. They may be the spirits of amahs who used to work as servants in rich families. They return to help their masters with housekeeping matters or take care of young children and babies. However, there are also evil gui pos with disgusting and violent appearances.

Hanba

Main article: Hiderigami

Heibai Wuchang

Main article: Heibai Wuchang

Huapigui (画皮鬼)

The Huapigui first appeared in the painted skin record of the famous novel "Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio" in the Qing Dynasty. It is a ferocious ghost who eats humans and wear their victim's skin. Its initial appearance is green due to its rotten form, but it usually takes the form of a beautiful woman it killed. Huapigui means "Painted skin ghost".

Hulijing (狐狸精)

Fox spirit

A fox capable of assuming human form, and of employing sorcery to poison, to bewilder, and to enthrall. Described as clairvoyant and capable of possessing humans. Said to be capable of transcending yin and yang. Often associated with sexual desire. It is capable of ascending to heaven and becoming a celestial fox after immense age.

Likely derived from the underground presence of outlawed fox spirit cults and other heterodox forms of spirituality in the Song dynasty.

Jikiyam

Jian (Chinese: 聻; pinyin: jiàn; Wade–Giles: chien) refers to the "ghost" of a ghost. A story in volume 5 of Pu Songling's Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio contained the following line: "A person becomes a ghost after death, a ghost becomes a jian after death."

Jiangshi

Main article: Jiangshi

The jiangshi (traditional Chinese: 殭屍; simplified Chinese: 僵屍; pinyin: jiāngshī; Wade–Giles: chiang-shih; lit. 'stiff corpse') is also known as the "Chinese vampire" even though it behaves more like a zombie rather than a vampire (in Western cultures). They are reanimated corpses that move by hopping around and they kill living beings to absorb their yang energy rather than by drinking blood. They can be controlled through necromantic arts.

Luocha (罗刹)

Raksha statue

Bloodthirsty malevolent demons with ugly appearances derived from Indian legend and entering China through the influence of Buddhism. They are described as evil man-eaters capable of flight.

In some texts, they are described as jailers in hell tasked with punishing criminals, or as guardians of scripture upon conversion to Buddhism.

They feature in Pu Song Ling's tale "The Raksha Country and the Sea Market" as hideous beings that possess standards of beauty antithetical to that of the Chinese world, and whose society the protagonist has to cope with.

Luo dong shen (落洞神)

In folk lore, a cave deity held by villagers as being responsible for the phenomenon of deadly mass hysteria or ultimately fatal delirium amongst the young and unmarried female population of Western Hunan in ancient China.

This chthonic entity allegedly chooses for his wives beautiful and unmarried maidens left over by society. A sign of a girl being selected is the sudden onset of delirium or madness, along with a refusal to eat and extreme fastidiousness. Some girls will claim the god caught a glimpse of them whilst they were passing a certain cave, others claim that the god visits them atop a rainbow. The girls inevitably wither away and slowly starve to death.

Psychologists today regard the phenomenon as the result of mass mental illness caused by either social pressure or frustration of the deep-seated need to find a spouse. Anthropologists regard the legend arising from the influence of the religion of the Miao tribe on Han Chinese beliefs.

Niu tou ma mian

Main article: Ox-Head and Horse-Face

Nü gui

Nü gui (Chinese: 女鬼; pinyin: nǚ guǐ; lit. 'female ghost'), is a vengeful female ghost with long hair in a white dress. In folklore, this ghost is the spirit of a woman who committed suicide while wearing a red dress. Usually, she experienced some form of injustice when she was alive, such as being wronged or sexually abused. She returns to take her revenge. A tabloid story tells of a funeral ceremony where family members of a murder victim dress her in red, in the hope that her spirit will return to take revenge on her murderer. In traditional folklore, the colour red symbolizes anger and vengeance. On the other hand, some ancient folktales tell of beautiful female ghosts who seduce men and suck their yang essence or sometimes kill them. This type of female ghost is likened to the Succubus. Paradoxically, the male counterpart of a nü gui, a nan gui (Chinese: 男鬼; pinyin: nán guǐ; lit. 'male ghost'), is rarely mentioned.

Penghou (彭侯)

Penghou (彭侯, lit. meaning "drumbeat marquis") is a malevolent tree spirit that takes the form of human-headed dog without a tail. It can be found growing in mountain forests and murders passing travelers. It is associated with the essence of the wood element and with camphor trees. It can also be killed and eaten.

Pipagui (琵琶鬼)

"Pipa ghost" is the Chinese transliteration of the Dai language "pibo", which is regarded as the most vicious kind of ghost in society. The Pipagui often gather in tropical where there the climate is humid, poisonous insects, snakes and ants were plenty, causing malaria to be widespread in the area. Historically, the gathering places of the Dai people were generally located in tropical rain forests, where the climate was humid, and the poisonous insects, snakes and ants were inundated, causing malaria to be widespread in the area, and medical conditions were limited at that time. The Dai villagers who believe in ghosts and gods think that this is the haunting of hungry ghosts – "Pipa ghost" comes from this.

"Pi" is a ghost, "Pa" is the name of a ghost, and "Pipa ghost" is a hungry ghost, which will be attached to people. This kind of ghost generally does not have a free body, and the free body is what we call a lonely ghost. "Pipa Ghosts" are generally provided by people, and the supporters cast spells to make "Pipa Ghosts" possessed by people who hate them. Once possessed by them, they will be seriously ill, be in a trance, or die in severe cases. To eliminate this symptom, you need to take tobacco, alcohol, tea, and meat, and sincerely admit your mistake to the caster. These people who can put "Pipa Ghosts" in the village are always frightened. Some young and bold villagers who are jealous of evil have heard that people who are possessed by "Pipa Ghosts" are generally weak in constitution. of. So after the village reached an agreement, these people were driven out of the village and their houses were burnt down, and those who were driven out gradually gathered to form new villages, which people called "ghost villages".

Qianliyan

A statue of Qianliyan in Perak, Malaysia

Qianliyan is a Chinese sea and door god. He usually appears with Shunfeng'er as a guardian of the temples of the sea goddess Mazu.

Shi rou (視肉)

A two-eyed self-regenerating lump of flesh in the shape of an ox liver. It is also known as the Feng (封) and associated with Jupiter (太歲).

This fleshy mass is capable of providing a never-ending supply of meat. Its consumption can lead to the acquisition of powers associated with immortals.

Shui gui (水鬼)

Shui gui (Chinese: 水鬼; pinyin: shuǐ guǐ; lit. 'water ghost') are the spirits of people who have drowned through either accident or by suicide. They are also known as 'water monkeys' (水猴) and are invoked as explanation for drownings.

De Groot observes the superstition arising as an attempt to rationalize unexplained drownings or difficulties in the water: "should a corpse be found in the silt, its arms or legs worked deep into the mud, everyone is sure to believe it is a victim of a water-ghost, drawn down by those limbs with irresistible force. Cramps paralyzing the swimmer are likewise the clutches of a ghost."

According to tradition, being unable to reincarnate, they lurk in the place where they died, drag unsuspecting victims underwater, drowning them to take possession of their bodies. This process is known as ti shen (Chinese: 替身; pinyin: tì shēn; lit. 'replace the body'), in which the spirit returns to life in the victim's body while the victim's spirit takes the shui gui's place and constantly seeks to take control of another living person's body.

Shunfeng'er

Shunfeng'er is a Chinese sea and door god. He usually appears with Qianliyan as a guardian of the temples of the sea goddess Mazu.

"Snake Demons" (蛇妖)

Bai Suzhen, the white snake in human form

"Snake demons" (蛇妖) are shapeshifters whose original form is that of a snake. In folklore, they are said to be disease-causing agents, instruments of divine punishment, and sometimes as sexual predators. They are also known as Shejing (蛇精), which literally translates to "Snake Fairy" or "Snake Essence", and which is a synonymous term.

In Shen-Mo literature, characters who are "snake demons" or "snake fairies" include Bai Suzhen - the protagonist in Legend of the White Snake and the Python Demon (蟒蛇精), an antagonistic character recorded in the Journey to the West that is eventually slain when the Monkey King bursts out of its belly.

Tiger Demons (虎妖)

Early Chinese literature mentions shapeshifting tigers in human form as ravening demons ranging over large areas, consuming large numbers of people before finally being caught and apprehended. These beings form a recurring part of Chinese literature and primitive belief.

There is a historical record of a 22-year-old youth in 376 AD who became a tiger-like being and in a deranged mental state, devoured large numbers of people, ultimately dying of hunger in prison whilst awaiting execution.

This belief is an early Chinese correlate to the Western lycanthrope and was likely driven by the same primitive fears. Men suspected of being tiger demons were often lynched by mobs in China. Some were even delivered up by magistrates to be put to death with the sanction of the state.

Turou (土肉)

A being in Chinese mythology similar to the Feng (封) or Shirou (視肉) that may have been derived from an accidental encounter with a sea cucumber.

"There is also another thing in the sea called Turou that is pure black and five cun in width. It is as big as an arm of an infant. There is an abdomen but no mouth and eyes. It has 30 legs. It can be stir-fried and taken as food. This is something like a cross between a worm and a fish, and is similar to Feng"

Wang Liang (魍魎)

Wangliang, a wilderness demon

Wangliang (魍魎) are malevolent wilderness demons. Sometimes described as the demons of the marshes and rivers, or as apparitions in between trees and rocks, and often associated with disease. Sometimes described as having the appearance of a three-year old child with red skin, claws, and long black hair, and with a taste for brains and livers.

The alchemist Ge Hong describes being slain by a wang liang as one of the hazards facing unwary or stupid travelers of mountain valleys.

Often contrasted with Chimei (魅魅), who are the demons of the mountains and forests. The term "chi mei wang liang" (魅魅魍魎) means all kinds of demons, goblins and ghouls and is used as a metaphor for bad people in general.

Wang Xiang (罔象)

A malevolent demon associated with water.

In the Discourses of the States, Confucius regards the wangxiang (罔象) as a water demon, and as an entirely different being to the wangliang (魍魎), which is a demon associated with rocks and trees.

In the Records of the Tripods of Xia, the Wang Xiang (罔象) is described as having the form of a three-year old child with red eyes, long black hair, and claws that is able to escape fetters to "find its (human) food".

Wolf Demons (狼妖)

Tales of shapeshifting wolves who assumed human form at will may have entered China through contact with Turks, Huns and Mongols. A half-Chinese man from Taiyuan (in Shanxi) surnamed Wang and with a Hunnish mother is said to have discovered his mother was actually a wolf in human form. Another man in the Ming dynasty is said to have turned into a wolf at night in order to consume human beings during a famine.

Wutou gui

Wutou gui (traditional Chinese: 無頭鬼; simplified Chinese: 无头鬼; pinyin: wútóu guǐ; lit. 'headless ghost') are headless ghosts who roam about aimlessly. They are the spirits of people who were killed by decapitation due to various causes (e.g. execution, accident). In some tales, the wutou gui approaches people at night and asks them where his/her head is. The wutou gui is sometimes depicted as carrying his/her head on the side.

Xiaoyang (梟陽)

An ape-like being dwelling in the mountains, with a human face, a hair-covered body, reversed heels and a tendency to laugh loudly.

You hun ye gui

You hun ye gui (Chinese: 游魂野鬼; pinyin: yóu hún yě guǐ; lit. 'wandering souls and wild ghosts') refer to the wandering spirits of the dead. They roam the world of the living in the Seventh Lunar Month (typically August in the Gregorian calendar) during the Ghost Festival. These spirits include vengeful ghosts seeking revenge on those who offended them before, hungry ghosts (see the E gui section above), and playful spirits who might cause trouble during that period.

Some of these spirits have no living relatives or resting place, while others might lose their way and cannot return to the Underworld in time, so they continue to roam the world of the living after the Seventh Lunar Month. In Taiwan, there are shrines and temples set up for the worship of "You Ying Gong" (traditional Chinese: 有應公; simplified Chinese: 有应公; pinyin: Yǒu Yìng Gōng), a name which collectively refers to such "lost" spirits, in the hope that these spirits would not cause harm to the living. There are classified by some scholars from various universities in Taiwan. Some of these spirits may become deities known as "Wang Ye" (traditional Chinese: 王爺; simplified Chinese: 王爷; pinyin: Wáng yé; lit. 'royal lord').

The Chinese idiom gu hun ye gui (Chinese: 孤魂野鬼; pinyin: gū hún yě guǐ; lit. 'lonely souls and wild ghosts'), which describes such spirits, is also used to refer to homeless people or those who wander around aimlessly.

Yuan gui

Yuan gui (Chinese: 冤鬼; pinyin: yuān guǐ; lit. 'ghost with grievance') are the spirits of persons who died wrongful deaths. Beliefs in such ghosts had surfaced in China from as early as the Zhou dynasty and were recorded in the historical text Zuo Zhuan. These ghosts can neither rest in peace nor be reincarnated. They roam the world of the living as depressed and restless spirits who constantly seek to have their grievances redressed. In some tales, these ghosts approach living people and attempt to communicate with them in order to lead them to clues or pieces of evidence that point out that they died wrongful deaths. The living people then try to help them clear their names or otherwise ensure that justice is served.

Ying ling

See also: Mizuko kuyō and Toyol

Ying ling (traditional Chinese: 嬰靈; simplified Chinese: 婴灵; pinyin: yīng líng; lit. 'infant spirit') refer to the spirits of dead fetuses. The idea of such spirits are purported to have originated in Japan. Memorial services are held for them in Taiwan. A writer identified as "Zuigongzi" (lit. "drunk gentleman") wrote an article on thinkerstar.com in 2004 to claim that the stories of ying ling were fabricated.

Zaochi (凿齿)

A long-toothed humanoid monster wielding a large shield. It was in the habit of abducting and eating humans. It was ultimately killed by the archer Yu, who shot it through the heart as it was fleeing.

Anthropologists posit that the legend originates from the actual encounter between early Chinese settlers and the stigmatized aboriginal tribes they found in the southern parts of the country who may have engaged in cannibalism.

Zhi ren

Zhi ren (traditional Chinese: 紙人; simplified Chinese: 纸人; pinyin: zhǐ rén; lit. 'paper person') are dolls made from paper that are burnt as offerings to the dead to become the deceased's servants. These dolls usually come in pairs – one male and one female – and are sometimes called jin tong yu nü (Chinese: 金童玉女; pinyin: jīn tóng yù nǚ; lit. 'golden boy and jade girl'). These dolls are not exactly spirits by themselves, but they can do the bidding of their deceased masters.

Zhizhujing (蜘蛛精)

In the Journey to the West, seven spider demons capable of assuming the form of lovely maidens and of shooting webs from their navels reside in Silkweb Cave. They desire to eat the flesh of the monk Tang Sanzang. The spider demons are ultimately crushed by Sun WuKong.

Zhong yin shen

Main article: Bardo

Zhong yin shen (traditional Chinese: 中陰身; simplified Chinese: 中阴身; pinyin: zhōng yīn shēn; lit. 'intermediate yin body') refers to a spirit in a transition state between their death and when they are reincarnated, as described in Mahayana Buddhism. This period of time is usually 49 days.

Others

A

• Ao (媪)

B

• Baiye (白鵺)
• Bijianshou (比肩兽)
• Bifang (毕方)
• Bingfeng (并封)
• Bi'an (狴犴)
• Bixie (辟邪)
• Babo'erben (灞波儿奔)
• Bingcan (冰蚕)
• Bingmo (病魔)
• Benbo'erba (奔波儿灞)
• Bo (駮)
• Baiyanmojun (百眼魔君)
• Bishuijinjingshou (避水金晶兽)
• Baoyu (薄鱼)
• Baiyuan (白猿)
• Bailong (白龙)
• Bailu (白鹿)
• Benfu (奔浮)
• Baijueyao (败屩妖)
• Banyiguipo (斑衣鳜婆)
• Boyi (猼訑)

C

• Chiyou (蚩尤)
• Chenshimingji (沉石明鸡)
• Chaofeng (嘲风)
• Citie (呲铁)
• Chiru (赤鱬)
• Chongwei (虫为)
• Chilong (赤龙)
• Chenghuang (乘黄)
• Chihu (赤虎)
• Chishejing (赤蛇精)
• Chousheng (仇生)
• Chishengui (赤身鬼)
• Chaigui (虿鬼)
• Changui (产鬼)
• Chunshisanniang (春十三娘)
• Chikaomahou (赤尻马猴)
• Ciluo (茈蠃)
• Changgui (伥鬼)

D

• Dongmingcao (洞冥草)
• Dongxi (东曦)
• Doinb (动态)
• Dafeng (大风)
• Dapeng (大鹏)
• Dangui (丹龟)
• Dansheng (担生)
• Delang (地狼)
• Danxia (丹虾)
• Danque (丹雀)
• Dufujin (妒妇津)
• Donghaikuiniu (东海夔牛)
• Daoli (盗骊)
• Dijiang (帝江)
• Dihong (帝鸿)
• Daoshou (倒寿)
• Dushelong (毒蛇龙)
• Duzugui (独足鬼)
• Dujiaomowang (独角魔王)
• Duoji (多即)
• Damangjing (大蟒精)
• Dapengmowang (大鹏魔王)
• Dangkang (当康)
• Danyu (丹鱼)
• Dujiaoyang (独角羊)
• Dujiaosidawang (独角兕大王)
• Duyao (蠹妖)
• Dujiaogui (独脚鬼) or Shanxiao(山魈)

E

• Ershu (耳鼠)
• Erzhongren (耳中人)
• Eshou (讹兽)

F

• Fuyao (蝠妖)
• Feifei (腓腓)
• Fengxi (封豨)
• Fengli(风狸)
• Fengguanniangzi (凤管娘子)
• Fuziguai (蝮子怪)
• Fuxi (凫徯)
• Fuzhu (夫诸)
• Fuyuanjun (福缘君)
• Fenyang (羵羊)
• Fei (蜚)
• Fuchong (蝮虫)
• Feishu (飞鼠)
• Feitouman (飞头蛮)
• Feidanniao (飞诞鸟)
• Feiyi (肥遗)
• Fengwulao (峰五老)
• Fenghuang (凤凰)
• Fengyao (蜂妖)
• Feilian (飞廉)
• Fuyunsou (拂云叟)
• Feiniao (吠鸟)

G

• Gongzhouchengsanguai (巩州城三怪)
• Gu (鼓)
• Goutouman (狗头鳗)
• Guohou (国后)
• Guhuoniao (姑获鸟)
• Guozhang (国丈)
• Goushe (钩蛇)
• Guixu (归墟)
• Guzhigong (孤直公)
• Guanxiongren (贯匈人)
• Guailong (乖龙)
• Gubailao (古柏老)
• Guiche (鬼车)
• Guili (鬼吏)
• Gudiao (蛊雕)

H

• Heihai’ertaizi (黑孩儿太子)
• Huowu (火乌)
• Huan (讙)
• Heifengguai (黑风怪)
• Huangzhangmowang (慌张魔王)
• Heilong (黑龙)
• Henggongyu (横公鱼)
• Huapo (花魄)
• Hongni (虹霓)
• Huoxing (火星)
• Huangpaoguai (黄袍怪)
• Heyu (合逾)
• Huanglong (黄龙)
• Huangfengguai (黄风怪)
• Huashe (化蛇)
• Huan (患)
• Huying (虎鹰)
• Huweimowang (虎威魔王)
• Hongliuwa (红榴娃)
• Huangyalaoxiang (黄牙老象)
• Huagai (华盖)
• Honglindamang (红鳞大蟒)
• Hongnv (虹女)
• Hairuo (海若)
• Haozhi (豪彘)
• Huiyao (虺妖)
• Hunshimowang (混世魔王)
• Hundun (浑沌)
• Huangshijing (黄狮精)
• Honghai’er (红孩儿)
• Huangmeidawang (黄眉大王)
• Haizhizhu (海蜘蛛)
• Huayao (花妖))
• Huoshu (火鼠)
• Humeiniang (胡媚娘)
• Heluoyu (何罗鱼)
• Heiyujing (黑鱼精)
• Haoyu (豪鱼)
• Haoqimowang (耗气魔王)
• Hushen (虎神)
• Huangfengdawang (黄风大王)
• Huangfugui (黄父鬼)
• Hanli (含利)
• Hou (犼)
• Huodou (祸斗)
• Huangui (患鬼)
• Hu’aqi (狐阿七)
• Hulidaxian (虎力大仙)

J

• Junren (菌人)
• Jinjiao (金角)
• Jinhuamao (金华猫)
• Jiuweihu (九尾狐)
• Jiutouzhijijing (九头雉鸡精)
• Jiu’erquan (九耳犬)
• Jiaochong (骄虫)
• Jiuweigui (九尾龟)
• Jiaoren (鲛人)
• Jiuselu (九色鹿)
• Jimeng (计蒙)
• Jigui/Ma ga/Phi cay (鸡鬼)
• Jiaoduan (角端)
• Jiangtun (江豚)
• Jinjieshibagong (劲节十八公)
• Jiutoufuma (九头驸马)
• Jiulingyuansheng (九灵元圣)
• Jidiao (吉吊)
• Jiliang (吉量)
• Jufu (举父)
• Jietuodawang (解脱大王)
• Jiuying (九婴)
• Jimeng (计蒙)
• Jiaogui (角圭)
• Jiao (狡)
• Jiaojing (鲛精)
• Jiulingyuanshengliusun (九灵元圣六孙)
• Jiaomowang (蛟魔王)
• Jianglaizhixu (姜赖之墟)
• Jiao (蛟)
• Jiaolong (角龙) (the monster)
• Jiaohu (角虎)
• Jiegou (絜钩)
• Jiuweishe (九尾蛇)
• Jueyuan (攫猿)
• Jianke (谏珂)
• Jingren (靖人)
• Juru (狙如)
• Jiuchong (酒虫)

K

• Kun (鲲)
• Kaimingshou (开明兽)
• Kui (夔)
• Kuilong (夔龙)

L

• Lingmingshihou (灵明石猴)
• Lushu (鹿蜀)
• Long (龙)
• Laojian (老蹇)
• Longchu (龙刍)
• Liukunmowang (六鲲魔王)
• Longbo (龙伯)
• Lvtoulang (驴头狼)
• Lingyu (陵鱼)
• Liu’ermowang (六耳魔王)
• Longzhi (蠪姪)
• Luotoumin (落头民)
• Luoshaniao (罗刹鸟)
• Liuzushou (六足兽)
• Luozu (罗祖)
• Lvlang (绿郎)
• Lingguilao (灵龟老)
• Lili (狸力)
• Lingkongzi (凌空子)
• Linggui (灵龟)
• Linggandawang (灵感大王)
• Lingque (灵鹊)
• Lingshuangshiping (灵爽式凭)
• Liu’ermihou (六耳猕猴)
• Lvshu (驴鼠)
• Liuyudawang (六欲大王)
• Lvma (驴马)
• Luoluo (罗罗)
• Lintaojuren (临洮巨人)
• Liushen (柳神)
• Lulidaxian (鹿力大仙)
• Luoyu (蠃鱼)
• Luan (鸾)
• Luanxiaofuren (鸾萧夫人)

M

• Meishanqiguai (梅山七怪)
• Mogui (魔鬼)
• Mishimowang (迷识魔王)
• Mabanshe (马绊蛇)
• Mafu (马腹)
• Manman (蛮蛮)
• Maolong (毛龙)
• Miyao (麋妖)
• Minniao (民鸟)
• Maren (马人)
• Manjintai (蔓金苔)
• Mihouwang (猕猴王)
• Meiweijun (美蔚君)
• Muwangbajun (穆王八骏)
• Mamian (马面)
• Miwang (蜜王)
• Mukeniao (木客鸟)
• Mo (魔)
• Miaogui (庙鬼)
• Mingshe (鸣蛇)
• Menglangmowang (孟浪魔王)
• Mohai (魔㺔)
• Maorongpo (猫容婆)
• Maogui (猫鬼)

N

• Nanhaijiaoren (南海鲛人)
• Nanhaihudie (南海蝴蝶)
• Niumowang (牛魔王)
• Niexiaoqian (聂小倩)
• Nvegui (疟鬼)
• Nigui (泥鬼)
• Niuyu (牛鱼)
• Nanshandawang (南山大王)
• Niutou (牛头)
• Nvyecha (女夜叉)
• Niunengyan (牛能言)

P

• Pixiu (貔貅)
• Pufu (朴父)
• Panguan (判官)
• Pianpian (翩翩)
• Pojingshou (破镜兽)
• Pipajing (琵琶精)
• Peng (鹏)
• Paoxiao (咆鸮)
• Penghou (彭侯)
• Pengshe (朋蛇)
• Pihandawang 辟寒大王
• Pishudawang 辟暑大王
• Pichendawang 辟尘大王

Q

• Quehuoque (却火雀)
• Qiuyu (犰狳) (the monster)
• Qiongqi (穷奇)
• Qingshidaoren (青狮道人)
• Qingyujing (鲭鱼精)
• Qingwashen (青蛙神)
• Qing’e (青娥)
• Qingshiwang (青狮王)
• Qilin (麒麟)
• Quechenxi (却尘犀)
• Qiuniu (囚牛)
• Qiqingdawang (七情大王)
• Qingwen (青鴍)
• Qingniu (青牛)
• Qiangliang (强良)
• Qiongshu (邛疏)
• Quzhousanguai (衢州三怪)
• Qinzhimaoren (秦之毛人)
• Qingchunshijiedawangxiaoyuewang (青春世界大王小月王)
• Qingfeng (青凤)
• Qidaosheng (七大圣)
• Qiantangjun (銭塘君)
• Qingji (庆忌)
• Quexiandawang (缺陷大王)
• Qiyu (契俞)
• Quru (瞿如)
• Qinglong (青龙)
• Qionggui (穷鬼)
• Qionglang (玱琅)
• Qinyuan (钦原)
• Qizhong (跂踵)

R

• Ruyizhenxian (如意真仙)
• Riji (日及)
• Ruishi (瑞狮)
• Renmianxiao (人面鸮)
• Renhu (人虎)
• Ruhe (如何)
• Renshe (人蛇)
• Ranyiyu (冉遗鱼)

S

• Sanzuwu (三足乌)
• Shijiniangniang (石矶娘娘)
• Sanshi (三尸)
• Shejing (蛇精)
• Sanjiaoshou (三角兽)
• Suanni (狻猊)
• Shuairan (率然)
• Sanzugui (三足龟)
• Shen (蜃)
• Sandaxian (三大仙)
• Shangfu (尚付)
• Songhu (耸弧)
• Shangyang (商羊)
• Shanjiao (山椒)
• Sixiong (四凶)
• Shexian (蛇衔)
• Shengsheng (狌狌)
• Shihoumowang (狮吼魔王)
• Sanshidawang (三尸大王)
• Shuihu (水虎)
• Sibuxiang (四不像)
• Shimaoguai (狮毛怪)
• Shuiluogui (水落鬼)
• Suanyu (酸与)
• Shangao (山膏)
• Shituowang (狮驼王)
• Shanheshang (山和尚)
• Sanzubie (三足鳖)
• Sidashenhou (四大神猴)
• Shanqingjun (善庆君)
• Sangku (丧哭)
• Shanzhizhu (山蜘蛛)
• Shituolingsanmowang (狮驼岭三魔王)
• Saitaisui (赛太歳)
• Shuangjing (双睛)
• Suoming (索冥)
• Shile (世乐)
• Shuoyinmowang (铄阴魔王)
• Shanshao (山臊)
• Sunwukong (孙悟空)
• Sunxiaosheng (孙小圣)
• Shawujing (沙悟净)
• Shuhu (孰胡)
• Shelujing (麝鹿精)

T

• Taotie (饕餮)
• Taowu (梼杌)
• Tianzhi (天织)
• Tieshangongzhu (铁扇公主)
• Tongbiyuanhou (通臂猿猴)
• Tunkou (呑口)
• Tulou (土蝼)
• Tiebeiqiuwang (铁背虬王)
• Tenghua (藤花)
• Taige (鲐鮯)
• Tuofei (橐蜚)
• Tianhu (天狐)
• Tiaoshen (跳神)
• Techushi (特处士)
• Tianlu (天鹿)
• Tianyucao (天雨草)
• Tongren (瞳人)
• Taisui (太岁)

W

• Wuzhiqi (无支祁)
• Wangxiang (罔象)
• Wangyuyu (王馀鱼)
• Wangmushizhe (王母使者)
• Wutongshen (五通神)
• Waguai (蛙怪)
• Wenmingdawang (文明大王)
• Wanshenglongwang (万圣龙王)
• Wenwen (文文)
• Wujing (鼯精)
• Weiyi (委蛇)
• Wuzushou (五足兽)
• Woquan (偓佺)
• Wenyaoyu (文鳐鱼)
• Wangtianhou (望天吼)
• Woquan (偓佺)
• Wushang (无伤)
• Wangliang (魍魉)
• Wuwenhua (邬文化)

X

• Xianzhuzhilong (衔烛之龙)
• Xuhao (虚耗)
• Xiwangmu (西王母)
• Xiezijing (蝎子精)
• Xiebao (谢豹)
• Xiexiaoyao (蝎小妖)
• Xishu (奚鼠)
• Xiezhi (獬豸)
• Xuanfeng (玄蜂)
• Xuanwu (玄武)
• Xixi (鰼鰼)
• Xianli (仙狸)
• Xiaoniao (枭鸟)
• Xiangliu (相柳)
• Xiquan (犀犬)
• Xiaoyangmowang (消阳魔王)
• Xixuejuren (吸血巨人)
• Xingyunmowang (兴云魔王)
• Xiaofu (啸父)
• Xiushe (修蛇)
• Xuanyu (玄鱼)
• Xuangui (旋龟)
• Xingtian (刑天)
• Xinang (溪嚢)
• Xiyou (希有)
• Xiaofengmowang (啸风魔王)
• Xuansu (玄俗)
• Xinang (傒囊)
• Xurongwang (獝狨王)

Y

• Yazi (睚眦)
• Yaojiao (鳐鲛)
• Yinjiao (银角)
• Yigui (缢鬼)
• Yinglong (应龙)
• Yanju (炎驹)
• Yijiaoshou (一角兽)
• Yimuwuxiansheng (一目五先生)
• Yalongdaxian (压龙大仙)
• Yuantuo (鼋鼍)
• Yayu (猰貐)
• Yupei (育沛)
• Yi (鹢)
• Yuanfeiji (远飞鸡)
• Yingshengchong (应声虫)
• Yigui (役鬼)
• Yumiangongzhu (玉面公主)
• Yumianniangniang (玉面娘娘)
• Yingmu (影木)
• Yinggou (嬴勾) and Yinggou (赢勾)
• Youanniao (幽安鸟)
• Yunyang (云阳)
• Yaomoguiguai (妖魔鬼怪)
• Yutao (玉桃)
• Yeniao (冶鸟)
• Yatun (牙豚)
• Yutou (鱼头)
• Yegouzi (野狗子)
• Yecha (夜叉)
• Yonghe (雍和)
• Yinguai (阴怪) and Yangguai (阳怪)
• Yuji (玉鸡)
• Yong (颙)
• Yaogui (咬鬼)
• Youlaiyouqu (有来有去)
• Yunzhongzi (云中子)
• Yuyiren (羽衣人)
• Yuanyao (蚖妖)
• Yunchengwanlipeng (云程万里鹏)
• Yufu (鱼妇)
• Yingzhao (英招)
• Yuanxian (元仙)
• Yaoshou (药兽)
• Yanwei (延维)
• Yaueshen (岳神)
• Yinchen Mowang (阴沉魔王)
• Yiniao (翳鸟)
• Yigui (疫鬼)
• Yu (蜮)
• Yanglidaxian (羊力大仙)
• Yutujing (玉兔精)
• Yinglong (应龙)
• Yeming (噎鸣)
• Yujiang (禺疆)

Z

• Zaochi (凿齿)
• Zhutunshe (猪豚蛇)
• Zhubajie (猪八戒)
• Zhujian (诸犍)
• Zhupolong (猪婆龙)
• Zhunou (朱獳)
• Zhizhujing (蜘蛛精)
• Zaohuaxiao'er (造化小儿)
• Zaoju (藻居)
• Zhongguobashenshou (中国八神兽)
• Zhuyijie (猪一戒)
• Zhaohaijing (照海镜)
• Zheng (狰)
• Zhuyan (朱厌)
• Zhuyin (烛阴)
• Zhuyu (祝余)
• Zhen (鸩)
• Zhujiweng (祝鸡翁)
• Zhaiyao (宅妖)
• Zhuque (朱雀)
• Zhuoquan (䶂犬)
• Zhanyanjiejiebulaopopo (长颜姐姐不老婆婆)
• Zhangyou(长右)
• Zhongmingniao(重明鸟)
• Zhuniao (鴸鸟)
• Zhujiweng (祝鸡翁)
• Zouyu (驺虞)

See also

• Chinese mythology
• Chinese folklore
• Hungry ghosts in Chinese religion
• Radical 194