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'{{Redirect|Nauplia|other uses|Nauplius (disambiguation){{!}}Nauplius}} {{Infobox Greek Dimos |name = Nafplio |name_local = Ναύπλιο |image_map = 2011 Dimos Nafplieon.png |periph = [[Peloponnese]] |periphunit = [[Argolis]] |pop_municipality = 33356 |area_municipality = 390.2 |pop_municunit = 18910 |area_municunit = 33.62 |pop_community = 14203 |population_as_of = 2011 |coordinates = {{coord|37|34|N|22|48|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |postal_code = 211 00 |area_code = 2752 |licence = ΑΡ |mayor = Dimitris Kostouros |website = [http://www.nafplio.gr www.nafplio.gr] |image_skyline = 20090728 palamidi90.jpg |caption_skyline = View of the old part of the city of Nafplio from Palamidi castle. |city_flag =[[File:Flag of Nafplio.svg|110px|]] |city_seal = |districts = |party = |since = |elevation_min = 0 |elevation_max = 10 }} '''Nafplio''' ({{lang-ell|Ναύπλιο}}, '''Nauplio''' or '''Nauplion''' in Italian and other Western European languages) is a seaport town in the [[Peloponnese]] in [[Greece]] that has expanded up the hillsides near the north end of the [[Argolic Gulf]]. The town was an important seaport held under a succession of royal houses in the [[Middle Ages]] as part of the lordship of [[Argos and Nauplia]], held initially by the [[de la Roche]] following the [[Fourth Crusade]] before coming under the [[Republic of Venice]] and, lastly, the [[Ottoman Empire]]. The town was the capital of the [[First Hellenic Republic]] and of the [[Kingdom of Greece (Wittelsbach)|Kingdom of Greece]], from the start of the [[Greek War of Independence|Greek Revolution]] in 1821 until 1834. Nafplio is now the capital of the regional unit of [[Argolis]]. ==Name== The name of the town changed several times over the centuries. The [[modern Greek]] name of the town is ''Nafplio'' (Ναύπλιο).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://argolikivivliothiki.gr/2010/10/06/%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD-%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1-%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85-%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82/ |title=Ναύπλιον – Ετυμολογία του Ονόματος |author=« ΑΡΓΟΛΙΚΗ ΑΡΧΕΙΑΚΗ ΒΙΒΛΙΟΘΗΚΗ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΚΑΙ ΠΟΛΙΤΙΣΜΟΥ |publisher=Argolikivivliothiki.gr |date= |accessdate=2012-01-26}}</ref> In [[English language|modern English]], the most frequently used forms are ''Nauplia'' and ''Navplion''.<ref>See Merriam-Webster's (1993), p. 1495.</ref> In [[History of Europe#Classical antiquity|Classical Antiquity]], it was known as ''Nauplia'' (Ναυπλία) in [[Attic Greek]]<ref name="LiddellScottJones1940">See Liddell and Scott revised by Jones (1940), Ναυπλία. Retrieved 2012-01-26.</ref><ref name="LiddellScott1889">See Liddell and Scott (1889), Ναυπλία. Retrieved 2012-01-26.</ref><ref name="Bailly1901">See Bailly (1901), p. 585, Ναυπλία. Retrieved 2013-07-03.</ref><ref name="Smith1854">See Smith (1854), NAU´PLIA. Retrieved 2012-01-26.</ref> and ''Naupliē'' (Ναυπλίη) in [[Ionian Greek]].<ref name="LiddellScottJones1940"/> In [[Latin language|Latin]], it was called ''Nauplia''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=v20OAAAAQAAJ |title=Entick's English-Latin dictionary |date=2007-11-20 |accessdate=2012-01-26|last1=Entick |first1=John }}</ref> During the [[History of Europe#Middle Ages|Middle Ages]], several variants were used in [[Byzantine Greek]], including ''Náfplion'' (Ναύπλιον), ''Anáplion'' (Ἀνάπλιον), and ''Anáplia'' (Ἀνάπλια).<ref name="Smith1854"/> During the [[History of Europe#Late Middle Ages|Late Middle Ages]] and [[History of Europe#Early modern Europe|early modern period]], under [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] domination, the town was known in [[Italian language|Italian]] as ''Napoli di Romania'', after the medieval usage of "Romania" to refer to the lands of the [[Byzantine Empire]], and to distinguish it from ''Napoli'' ([[Naples, Italy|Naples]]) in [[Italy]]. Also during the early modern period, but this time under [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule, the [[Turkish language|Turkish]] name of the town was ''Mora Yenişehir'', after [[Morea]], a medieval name for the [[Peloponnese]], and ''"yeni şehir"'', the Turkish term for "new city" (apparently a translation from the Greek Νεάπολη, Italian ''Napoli''). The Ottomans also called it ''Anabolı''. In the 19th century and early 20th century, the town was called indiscriminately ''Náfplion'' (Ναύπλιον) and ''Nafplio'' (Ναύπλιο) in [[modern Greek]]. Both forms were used in official documents and travel guides. This explains why the old form ''Náfplion'' (sometimes transliterated to ''Navplion'') still occasionally survives up to this day. ==Geography== {{wide image|Вид на Напфлио.jpg|750px|Panorama of modern Nafplion.}} Nafplio is situated on the [[Argolic Gulf]] in the northeast [[Peloponnese]]. Most of the old town is on a peninsula jutting into the gulf; this peninsula forms a naturally protected bay that is enhanced by the addition of man-made [[mole (architecture)|moles]]. Originally almost isolated by marshes, deliberate landfill projects, primarily since the 1970s, have nearly doubled the land area of the city. ==Municipality== [[File:2011 Dimos Nafplieon.png|thumb|200px|Nafplio municipality]] The municipality Nafplio was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities, that became municipal units:<ref name=Kallikratis>[http://www.kedke.gr/uploads2010/FEKB129211082010_kallikratis.pdf Kallikratis law] Greece Ministry of Interior {{in lang|el}}</ref> *[[Asini]] *[[Midea, Greece|Midea]] *Nafplio *[[Nea Tiryntha]] The municipality has an area of 390.241 km², the municipal unit 33.619 km².<ref name=stat01>{{cite web|url=http://dlib.statistics.gr/Book/GRESYE_02_0101_00098%20.pdf|publisher=National Statistical Service of Greece|title=Population & housing census 2001 (incl. area and average elevation)|language=el}}</ref> ==Population== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year !! Community !! Municipal unit !! Municipality |- | 1981 || 10,611 || - || - |- | 1991 || 11,897 || 14,740 || - |- | 2001 || 13,822 || 16,885 || - |- | 2011 || 14,203 || 18,910 || 33,356 |} ==History== ===Mythical origins and Classical antiquity=== The area surrounding Nafplio has been inhabited since ancient times, but few signs of this, aside from the walls of the [[Acronauplia]], remain visible. The town has been a stronghold on several occasions during [[History of Europe#Classical antiquity|Classical Antiquity]]. It seems to be mentioned on an Egyptian funerary inscription of [[Amenophis III]] as ''Nuplija''.<ref>See Latacz (2004), p. 131.</ref> Nauplia ({{lang-grc|ἡ Ναυπλία}}) was the port of [[Argos]], in [[ancient Argolis]]. It was situated upon a rocky peninsula, connected with the mainland by a narrow isthmus. It was a very ancient place, and is said to have derived its name from [[Nauplius (mythology)|Nauplius]], the son of [[Poseidon]] and [[Amymone]], and the father of [[Palamedes (Greek mythology)|Palamedes]], though it more probably owed its name, as [[Strabo]] has observed, to its harbour.<ref>ἀπὸ τοῦ ταῖς ναυσὶ προσπλεῖσθαι, {{Cite Strabo|viii. p.368}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Pausanias|2|38|2}}</ref> [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] tells us that the Nauplians were [[ancient Egyptians|Egyptians]] belonging to the colony which [[Danaus]] brought to Argos;<ref>{{Cite Pausanias|4|35|2}}</ref> and from the position of their city upon a promontory running out into the sea, which is quite different from the site of the earlier Grecian cities, it is not improbable that it was originally a settlement made by strangers from the East.<ref>{{Cite DGRG|title=Nauplia}}</ref> Nauplia was at first independent of Argos, and a member of the maritime confederacy which held its meetings in the island of [[Calaureia]].<ref name=Strabo>{{Cite Strabo|viii. p.374}}</ref> About the time of the [[Second Messenian War]], it was conquered by the Argives; and the [[ancient Sparta|Lacedaemonians]] gave to its expelled citizens the town of [[Methone (Messenia)|Methone]] in [[ancient Messenia|Messenia]], where they continued to reside even after the restoration of the Messenian state by the [[Thebes, Greece|Theban]] general [[Epaminondas]].<ref>{{Cite Pausanias|4|24|4}}, 4.27.8, 4.35.2.</ref> Argos now took the place of Nauplia in the Calaureian confederacy; and from this time Nauplia appears in history only as the seaport of Argos.<ref>ὁ Ναύπλιος λίμην, [[Euripides]] ''Orest.'' 767; λιμένες Ναύπλιοι, ''Electr.'' 451.</ref> As such it is mentioned by [[Strabo]],<ref name=Strabo/> but in the time of Pausanias (2nd century) the place was deserted. Pausanias noticed the ruins of the walls of a temple of [[Poseidon]], certain forts, and a fountain named Canathus, by washing in which [[Hera]] was said to have renewed her virginity every year.<ref>{{Cite Pausanias|2|38|2}}</ref> ===Byzantine and Frankish rule=== {{Further|Byzantine Greece|Frankokratia|Lordship of Argos and Nauplia}} [[File:Palamidi castle - Agios Andreas Bastion.jpg|thumb|The castle of [[Palamidi]]]] [[File:Μπούρτζι 8266.jpg|thumb|right|View of [[Bourtzi (Nafplio)|Bourtzi]].]] [[File:Napoli di Romagna by Giacomo Franco.jpg|thumb|Map of the city of Nafplion (''Napoli di Romania''), 1597.]] [[File:Peter von Hess - The Entry of King Othon of Greece into Nauplia - WGA11386.jpg|thumb|''The Entry of King [[Otto of Greece|Otto]] into Nauplia'' by [[Peter von Hess]]]] The [[Acronauplia]] has walls dating from pre-classical times. Subsequently, [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantines]], [[Principality of Achaea|Franks]], [[Republic of Venice|Venetians]], and [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]] added to the fortifications. In the middle ages Nauplia was called τὸ Ναύπλιον, τὸ Ἀνάπλιον, or τὰ Ἀνάπλια. It became a place of considerable importance in the middle ages, and has continued so down to the present day. In the time of the [[Crusades]] it first emerges from obscurity. Nafplio was taken in 1212 by French crusaders of the [[Principality of Achaea]]. It became part of the lordship of [[Argos and Nauplia]], which in 1388 was sold to the Republic of Venice,<ref>''Diplomatarium'' No. 127.</ref> who regarded it as one of their most important places in the Levant. During the subsequent 150 years, the lower city was expanded and fortified, and new fortifications added to Acronauplia.<ref>Wright, Ch. 1.</ref> ===Venetian and Ottoman rule=== {{Further|Stato da Màr|Ottoman Greece}} The city, under Venetian rule twice repelled [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] attacks and sieges, first by [[Mehmed the Conqueror]] during the [[Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–79)]] and then by [[Suleiman the Magnificent]]. The city surrendered to the Ottomans in 1540, who renamed it Mora Yenişehri and established it as the seat of a [[Sanjak of Mora|sanjak]]. At that period, Nafplio looked very much like the 16th century image shown below to the right. The [[Republic of Venice|Venetians]] retook Nafplio in 1685 and made it the capital of their "[[Kingdom of the Morea]]". The city was strengthened by building the castle of [[Palamidi]], which was in fact the last major construction of the [[Stato da Mar|Venetian empire]] overseas. However, only 80 soldiers were assigned to defend the city and it was easily retaken by the Ottomans in 1715. Palamidi is located on a hill north of the old town. During the [[Greek War of Independence]], it played a major role. It was captured by [[Staikos Staikopoulos]] in November 1822. ===19th century: Independence and first capital=== {{See also|First Hellenic Republic}} During the [[Greek War of Independence]], Nafplio was a major Ottoman stronghold and was besieged for more than a year. The town finally surrendered on account of forced starvation. After its capture, because of its strong fortifications, it became the seat of the [[First Hellenic Republic|provisional government of Greece]]. Count [[Ioannis Kapodistrias]], first head of state of newly liberated Greece, set foot on the Greek mainland for the first time in Nafplio on 7 January 1828 and made it the official capital of Greece in 1829. He was assassinated on 9 October 1831 by members of the [[Mavromichalis]] family, on the steps of the church of Saint Spyridon in Nafplio. After his assassination, a period of anarchy followed, until the arrival of King [[Otto of Greece|Otto]] and the establishment of the new [[Kingdom of Greece (Wittelsbach)|Kingdom of Greece]]. Nafplio remained the capital of the kingdom until 1834, when King Otto decided to move the capital to [[Athens]]. ===20th and 21st centuries=== Tourism emerged slowly in the 1960s, but not to the same degree as some other Greek areas. Nevertheless, it tends to attract a number of tourists from [[Germany]] and the [[Scandinavia|Scandinavian]] countries in particular. Nafplio enjoys a very sunny and mild climate, even by Greek standards, and as a consequence has become a popular day or weekend road-trip destination for Athenians in wintertime. Nafplio is a port, with fishing and transport ongoing, although the primary source of local employment currently is tourism, with two beaches on the other side of the [[peninsula]] from the main body of the town and a large amount of local accommodation. The building of the [[National Bank of Greece]] is probably the only example to have been built in the [[Mycenaean Revival]] architectural style.<ref>"Greece At Its Most Greek," by Phyllis rose, September 10, 2000, [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0DE0D91631F933A2575AC0A9669C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=4 ''New York Times''.]</ref> {{wide image|Nafplion Greece.jpg|550px|align-cap=center|Plateia Syntagmatos (Constitution Square).}} ==Transportation== [[File:Nafplion_railway_station_11.jpg|thumb|Nafplio train station in 2019.]] ===Bus=== Since 1952, the town has been served by public bus ([[KTEL (Greece)|KTEL]] Argolida), which provides daily services to all destinations in region as well as other major Greek centers such as Athens.<ref>{{cite web|title=Company|url=http://www.ktelargolida.gr/?module=default&pages_id=4&lang=en|publisher=K.T.E.L Argolidas|accessdate=6 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Transportation Means|url=http://www.nafplio.gr/en/transportationmeansmenu.html|website=Municipality of Nafplion|publisher=Municipality of Nafplion|accessdate=6 April 2016}}</ref> The journey to Athens takes two to two hours and 20 minutes, going via Corinth/Isthmos and [[Argos]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Map/Transport|url=http://www.visitnafplio.com/visitnafplio.com/Map_Transport.html|website=Visit Nafplio|accessdate=6 April 2016|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401194143/http://www.visitnafplio.com/visitnafplio.com/Map_Transport.html|archivedate=1 April 2016}}</ref> ===Rail=== Rail service began in 1886 using an earlier station that still stands.<ref>{{cite web|title=The historical railway station of Nafplio|url=http://www.trainose.gr/en/%CE%BF-%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82-%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82-%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85-%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85/|publisher=TrainOSE|accessdate=6 April 2016}}</ref> The town is connected by a branch line of ten kilometers from Argos to Nafplio. In 2011, the Corinth–[[Tripoli, Greece|Tripoli]]–Nafplio train service was suspended during the [[Greek financial crisis]]. There was a plan to re-open the line as an extension of the [[Proastiakos|suburban railway]] that connects Corinth with Athens, but that has not happened.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Zikakou|first1=Ioanna|title=Hellenic Railway to Reach Nafplio|url=http://greece.greekreporter.com/2014/10/13/hellenic-railway-to-reach-nafplio/|publisher=Greek Reporter|accessdate=6 April 2016|date=October 13, 2014}}</ref> ==Architecture and urban sculpture== [[File:Ναύπλιο 7797.jpg|thumb|Traditional houses. View from [[Acronauplia]].]] [[File:Ανδριάντας του Κολοκοτρώνη, Ναύπλιο 8209.jpg|thumb|Statue of [[Theodoros Kolokotronis]]]] [[File:Τραβέρσα Γκαμπέλο 7792.jpg|thumb|Fortifications of Acronauplia]] [[Acronauplia]] is the oldest part of the city though a modern hotel has been built on it. Until the thirteenth century, it was a town on its own. The arrival of the [[Republic of Venice|Venetians]] and the [[Franks]] transformed it into part of the town fortifications. Other fortifications of the city include the [[Palamidi]] and [[Bourtzi (Nafplio)|Bourtzi]], which is located in the middle of the harbour. Nafplio maintains a traditional architectural style with many traditional-style colourful buildings and houses, influenced by the Venetians, because of the domination of 1338–1540. Also, modern-era neoclassical buildings are also preserved, while the building of the [[National Bank of Greece]] is an example of [[Mycenaean Revival architecture]]. It is one of the few Greek cities not affected by the laws of ''[[Modern Greek architecture|antiparochí]]'' (which demolished old mansions all over Greece), also with efforts of the archaeologist Evangelia Protonotariou Deilaki, even against local interests,<ref>[https://sikam.wordpress.com/2018/10/17/%CF%80%CF%89%CF%82-%CF%83%CF%89%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BA%CE%B5-%CF%84%CE%BF-%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF-%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CF%80%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF/amp/ Πώς σώθηκε το Ναύπλιο]</ref> preserving so, much of its architectural heritage. Around the city can be found several sculptures and statues. They are related mostly with the modern history of Nafplio, such as the statues of [[Ioannis Kapodistrias]], [[Otto of Greece]] and [[Theodoros Kolokotronis]]. ==Quarters== {{col-begin}} *Gyalós *Kourti *Old town *Psaromachalas *Prónoia (planned by [[Stamatis Voulgaris]]) {{col-end}} ==Culture== ===Cuisine=== Local specialities include: *''Goglies'' (Goges), pasta *''Giosa'', lamb or goat meat *''Bogana'', lamb meat with potatoes ===Museums=== *[[Archaeological Museum of Nafplion]] ===Education=== Since 2003, the [[University of Peloponnese]] has incorporated a new faculty, the School of Fine Arts. In 2007, a single department exists, the Department of Theatre,<ref>[http://www.uop.gr/index.php?option=com_content&task=section&id=5&Itemid=80 Faculties and Departments.] University of Peloponnese website. www.uop.gr.</ref> offering four majors:<ref>{{in lang|el}} [http://depts.uop.gr/departments/depart14/spoudes.shtml Study Plan]. University of Peloponnese, Department of Theater Studies website.</ref> * [[Acting]] and [[Theatre director|Directing]] * [[Dance]] * [[Set design|Set]] and [[Costume design|Costume Design]] * Theatrical Studies<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://pelopas.uop.gr/UK/departments.shtml |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721083545/http://pelopas.uop.gr/UK/departments.shtml |archive-date=2011-07-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==Notable people== [[File:Charilaos Trikoupis.gif|thumb|140px|[[Charilaos Trikoupis]] was born in Nafplio]] *Nicolas "the Greek" (fl. 1519–1522), one of the 18 survivors of the expedition that completed the first [[circumnavigation]] of the world on the ''[[Victoria (ship)|Victoria]]'' in 1519–1522 *[[Tellos Agras]] (1880–1907), fighter in the Greek [[Struggle for Macedonia]] *[[Leonidas Drosis]], sculptor *[[Nina Bawden]] (1925–2012), writer (resident) *[[Timoleon Filimon]], politician *[[Austen Kark]] (1926–2002), managing director of the [[BBC World Service]] (resident) *[[Nikos Karouzos]] (1926–1990), poet *[[Vangelis Kazan]] (1936–2008), actor *[[Sotirios Sotiropoulos]] (1831–1898), lawyer, politician and former Prime Minister of Greece *[[Angelos Terzakis]] (1907–1979), writer *[[Charilaos Trikoupis]] (1832–1896), [[Prime Minister of Greece]] seven times from 1875 until 1895 *[[Panagiotis Tachtsidis]] (born 1991), football player currently playing in Italian [[Serie A]] for [[Cagliari Calcio]] *[[Emmanouil Zymvrakakis (army general)|Emmanouil Zymvrakakis]] (1861–1928), Greek general of World War I ==International relations== {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Greece}} ===Twin towns – sister cities=== Nafplio is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with: {|class="wikitable" |- valign="top" | *{{flagicon|BUL}} [[Burgas]], [[Bulgaria]] (1984)<ref name="Greek twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.kedke.gr/uploads/twinnedcities.pdf|title=Twinnings|accessdate=2013-08-25|work=Central Union of Municipalities & Communities of Greece}}</ref> *{{flagicon|MNE}} [[Cetinje]], [[Montenegro]] since 1995<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cetinje.me/index.php/en/local-government/international-cooperation|title=Royal city of Cetinje|accessdate=2013-09-21}}</ref> *{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Kronstadt]], [[Russia]] *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Martignas-sur-Jalle]], [[France]] since 1987 *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Menton, France]] since 1996<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.menton.com/pages-fr/menton-ot.html|title=Office du tourisme de Menton|accessdate=2013-09-21|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923015655/http://www.menton.com/pages-fr/menton-ot.html|archivedate=2013-09-23}}</ref> || *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Niles, Illinois|Niles]], [[Illinois]], [[United States]] since 1995<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vniles.com/Content/templates/?a=149|title=Niles Sister Cities|year=2010|work=Official website|publisher=The Village of Niles|accessdate=2010-01-04|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090322065455/http://www.vniles.com/Content/templates/?a=149|archivedate=2009-03-22}}</ref> *{{flagicon|GER}} [[Ottobrunn]], [[Germany]] since 1978 *{{flagicon|GEO}} [[Poti]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] (1990)<ref name="Greek twinnings"/> *{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Royan]], [[France]] since 2005<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ville-royan.fr/demarches/deliberations/2005/06-02/compte_rendu_sommaire.pdf|title=City council minutes|work=Royan city hall|date=2005-06-02|accessdate=2013-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923025115/http://www.ville-royan.fr/demarches/deliberations/2005/06-02/compte_rendu_sommaire.pdf|archive-date=2013-09-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> *{{flagicon|USA}} [[Ypsilanti, Michigan|Ypsilanti]], [[Michigan]], [[United States]] since 1997 *{{flagicon|GER}} [[Erftstadt]], [[Germany]] |} ===Consulates=== The city hosts honorary [[consulates]] from the following countries: *{{flagicon|ITA}} [[Diplomatic missions of Italy|Italy]] *{{flagicon|RUS}} [[Diplomatic missions of Russia|Russia]] ==Sports== *[[Pannafpliakos F.C.]], football ==Gallery== <gallery class="center"> File:Ναός Κοίμησης Θεοτόκου Μέρμπακα (Α.Τριαδα).jpg|Byzantine church (12th century) File:Nauplia Denkmal.jpg|Monument for the [[Morea Expedition]], Philellinon Square File:Πόλη του Ναυπλίου, μεταξύ του σιδηροδρομικού σταθμού και της θέσης Πέντε Αδέλφια (6).jpg|View of [[Acronauplia]] File:Ρολόι Ναυπλίου 7794.jpg|Clock tower in Acronauplia File:Nafplion view from Palamidi castle.JPG|View from Palamidi File:Ναύπλιο 001.JPG|The building of [[National Bank of Greece]] (example of [[Mycenaean Revival architecture]]) File:Πλατεία Τριών Ναυάρχων 7913.jpg|Trion Navarchon (Three admirals) Square with the monument to [[Demetrius Ypsilantis]] File:Άγιος Νικόλαος, Ναύπλιο 8171.jpg|The church of [[Saint Nicholas]] File:Άγιος Γεώργιος, Ναύπλιο 8430.jpg|St. George Church File:Οδός Όθωνος 8196.jpg|Othonos Street File:Ναός Αγίου Σπυρίδωνα, Ναύπλιο 7934.jpg|St Spyridon church, where [[Ioannis Kapodistrias]] was murdered File:NafplioStreet.JPG|Street of Nafplio </gallery> ==See also== *[[History of Greece]] *[[Politics of Greece]] *[[List of traditional Greek place names]] ==References== {{Reflist}} {{DGRG|title=Nauplia}} ==Sources== *{{citation | last = Bailly | first=Anatole | title = Abrégé du dictionnaire grec-français | publisher = Hachette | location = Paris, France | url = http://home.scarlet.be/tabularium/bailly/585.htm | year = 1901}}. * Entick, John. ''A Compendious Dictionary of the English and Latin Tongues.'' New edition carefully revised and augmented throughout by Rev. M.G. Sarjant. London, 1825. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=v20OAAAAQAAJ&amp;pg=PT934]) * Ellingham, Mark; Dubin, Marc; Jansz, Natania; and Fisher, John (1995). ''Greece, the Rough Guide''. Rough Guides. {{ISBN|1-85828-131-8}}. * Gerola, Giuseppe (1930–31). “Le fortificazioni di Napoli di Romania,” ''Annuario dell regia scuola archeologicca di Atene e delle missioni italiane in oriente 22-24.'' pp.&nbsp;346–410. * Gregory, Timothy E. (1983). ''Nauplion.'' Athens. * Karouzos, Semnes (1979). ''To Nauplio.'' Athens. * Kolokotrones, Theodoros (1969). ''Memoirs from the Greek War of Independence, 1821-1833.'' E. M. Edmunds, trans. Originally printed as ''Kolokotrones: The Klepht and the Warrior. Sixty Years of Peril and Daring. An Autobiography.'' London, 1892; reprint, Chicago. * Lamprynides, Michael G. (1898). ''Ê Nauplia.'' Athens, reprint 1950. *{{citation | last = Latacz | first = Joachim | title = Troy and Homer: Towards the Solution of an Old Mystery | publisher = Oxford University Press | location = Oxford, UK | year = 2004}}. *{{citation | last1 = Liddell | first1 = Henry George | last2 = Scott | first2 = Robert | title = An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon | publisher = Clarendon Press | location = Oxford, UK | url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0058%3Aentry%3D*naupli%2Fa | year = 1889}}. *{{citation | last1 = Liddell | first1 = Henry George | last2 = Scott | first2 = Robert | others = revised and augmented by Sir Henry Stuart Jones | title = A Greek-English Lexicon | publisher = Clarendon Press | location = Oxford, UK | url = http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D*naupli%2Fa | year = 1940}}. *{{citation | last = Luttrell | first = Anthony | year = 1966 | contribution = The Latins of Argos and Nauplia: 1311-1394 | title = Papers of the British School at Rome, ''Vol. 34'' | pages = 34–55}}. * McCulloch, J. R. (1866). "A Dictionary, Geographical, Statistical, and Historical of the Various Countries, Places, and Principal Natural Objects in the World". New edition carefully revised. Longmans, Green, and Co., London, UK. p.&nbsp;457. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=kbwBAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA457]) *{{citation | title = Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary | edition = 10th | publisher = Merriam-Webster | location = Springfield, Mass., USA | year = 1993}}. * Schaefer, Wulf (1961). "Neue Untersuchungen über die Baugeschichte Nauplias im Mittelalter," ''Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts''. Vol. 76, pp.&nbsp;156–214. *{{citation | editor-last = Smith | editor-first = William |url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DN%3Aentry+group%3D2%3Aentry%3Dnauplia-geo02 |title=Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) | publisher = Walton and Maberly | location = London, UK | year = 1854}}. * Thomas, George Martin (1966). ''Diplomatarium Veneto-Levantinum''. B. Franklin, New York, USA. ([https://openlibrary.org/books/OL16600593M/Diplomatarium_Veneto-Levantinum]) * Wright, Diana Gilliland (1999). ''Bartolomeo Minio: Venetian administration in 15th-Century Nauplion.'' Doctoral dissertation. The Catholic University of America, Washington DC, USA. ==External links== {{Commons category|Nafplion}} *[http://www.nafplio.gr Municipality of Nafplio Official Website] *[http://www.gtp.gr/LocPage.asp?id=9069 GTP - Nafplio municipality] *[http://nauplion.net/NauplionWall.html Historical images, poetry] *[http://nafplio.eu Nafplio City] {{Wikivoyage|Nafplion}} {{Geographic location |Centre = Nafplio |North = [[Nea Tiryntha]] |Northeast = [[Asklipieio]] |East = |Southeast = Asini |South = [[Asini]] |Southwest = ''Argolic Gulf'' |West = ''[[Argolic Gulf]]'' |Northwest = |image = }} {{Kallikratis-Peloponnese}} {{Nafplio div}} {{Stato da Mar}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Nafplion| ]] [[Category:Municipalities of Peloponnese (region)]] [[Category:Populated places in Argolis]] [[Category:Greek prefectural capitals]] [[Category:Former national capitals]] [[Category:Mediterranean port cities and towns in Greece]] [[Category:Stato da Màr]] [[Category:Capitals of Greek states]]'