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{{redirect2|Fulbright|Fullbright|the senator|J. William Fulbright|the indie video game developer|Fullbright (company)}}
[[File:Fulbright Program.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.0|Official Fulbright Program logo used since May 2019]]
The '''Fulbright Program''', including the '''Fulbright–Hays Program''', is one of several [[United States Cultural Exchange Programs]] with the goal to improve [[intercultural relations]], [[cultural diplomacy]], and [[intercultural competence]] between the people of the United States and other countries through the exchange of persons, knowledge, and skills. Via the program, competitively-selected [[American citizen]]s including students, scholars, teachers, professionals, scientists and artists may receive scholarships or [[Grant (money)|grants]] to study, conduct research, teach, or exercise their talents abroad; and citizens of other countries may qualify to do the same in the United States. The program was founded by [[United States Senator]] [[J. William Fulbright]] in 1946 and is considered to be one of the most widely recognized and prestigious scholarships in the world.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/the-scholarship-coach/2011/11/25/get-noticed-through-prestigious-scholarships | title=Get Noticed Through Prestigious Scholarships | publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]] | date=November 25, 2011 | access-date=March 22, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322204800/https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/the-scholarship-coach/2011/11/25/get-noticed-through-prestigious-scholarships | archive-date=March 22, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref> The program provides approximately 8,000 grants annually – roughly 1,600 to U.S. students, 1,200 to U.S. scholars, 4,000 to foreign students, 900 to foreign visiting scholars, and several hundred to teachers and professionals.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.cies.org/about-us | title=Fulbright Scholar Program: About Us | publisher=Comparative and International Education Society | access-date=2017-06-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621065912/http://www.cies.org/about-us | archive-date=2017-06-21 | url-status=live }}</ref>
The Fulbright Program is administered by cooperating organizations such as the [[Institute of International Education]] and operates in over 160 countries around the world.<ref>{{cite web | title=IIE Programs | publisher=Institute of International Education | url=http://www.iie.org/What-We-Do/Fellowship-And-Scholarship-Management/Programs | access-date=2014-07-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728221410/http://www.iie.org/What-We-Do/Fellowship-And-Scholarship-Management/Programs | archive-date=2014-07-28 | url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]] of the [[U.S. Department of State]] sponsors the Fulbright Program and receives funding from the [[United States Congress]] via annual [[appropriation bill]]s. Additional direct and in-kind support comes from partner governments, foundations, corporations, and host institutions both in and outside the U.S.<ref name="Fulbright Program Fact Sheet">{{cite web|title = Fulbright Program Fact Sheet|publisher = U.S. Department of State|url = http://eca.state.gov/files/bureau/fulbright_fact_sheet_2.pdf|access-date = 2013-12-16|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140923171523/http://eca.state.gov/files/bureau/fulbright_fact_sheet_2.pdf|archive-date = 2014-09-23|url-status = live}}</ref> In 49 countries, a bi-national Fulbright Commission administers and oversees the Fulbright Program. In countries that have an active program but no Fulbright Commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy oversees the Fulbright Program. More than 370,000 people have participated in the program since it began; 60 Fulbright alumni have won [[Nobel Prizes]]; 86 have won [[Pulitzer Prize]]s.<ref name=notable>{{cite web | url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters | title=Notable Fulbrighters | publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]] | access-date=2017-05-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520080751/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters | archive-date=2017-05-20 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/that-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup/2017/06/08/06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html | title=That knock on a congressman's door could be a Fulbright scholar with a tin cup | first=Carol | last=Morello | work=[[The Washington Post]] | date=June 8, 2017 | access-date=June 9, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141802/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/that-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup/2017/06/08/06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html | archive-date=June 12, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref>
The Fulbright Program has seen occasional controversy related to recipients being asked or expected to [[Spying|spy]] for the United States government.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Friedman-Rudovsky |first1=Jean |last2=Ross |first2=Brian |date=11 February 2008 |title=Exclusive: Peace Corps, Fulbright Scholar Asked to 'Spy' on Cubans, Venezuelans |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=4262036 |work=ABC News |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Lindorff |first=Dave |date=12 February 2019 |title=Using Students, Teachers, Journalists and other Professionals as Spies Puts Everyone in Jeopardy |url=https://www.counterpunch.org/2019/02/15/using-students-teachers-journalists-and-other-professionals-as-spies-puts-everyone-in-jeopardy/ |work=CounterPunch.org |access-date=7 October 2020 |quote=Clearly, from these experiences during the early 1990s, the Fulbright Program and US journalists were being illegally and improperly sought out for use as spies by the CIA in violation of a 1977 policy barring such efforts. And since there has been no real effort to challenge that kind of activity by Congress since then, it’s a safe bet that it’s still the case.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=16 April 2020 |title=美操控港大學通識課洗腦煽暴 |url=http://news.wenweipo.com/2020/04/16/IN2004160005.htm |language=zh |work=Wen Wei Po |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref>
== History ==
[[Image:JWFulbright.jpg|thumb|[[J. William Fulbright]]]]
{{quote|The Fulbright Program's mission is to bring a little more knowledge, a little more reason, and a little more compassion into world affairs and thereby increase the chance that nations will learn at last to live in peace and friendship.<ref>{{cite web |title=J. William Fulbright Quotes |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/j-william-fulbright/j-william-fulbright-quotes |publisher=[[Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]] |access-date=2018-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142716/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/j-william-fulbright/j-william-fulbright-quotes |archive-date=2018-06-12 |url-status=live }}</ref>|sign=Senator [[J. William Fulbright]]}}
In 1945, Senator J. William Fulbright proposed a bill to use the proceeds from selling surplus U.S. government war property to fund international exchange between the U.S. and other countries. With the crucial timing of the aftermath of the Second World War and with the pressing establishment of the United Nations, the Fulbright Program was an attempt to promote peace and understanding through educational exchange. The bill devised a plan to forgo the debts foreign countries amassed during the war and in return for funding an international educational program. It was through the belief that this program would be an essential vehicle to promote peace and mutual understanding between individuals, institutions and future leaders wherever they may be.<ref name="Fulbright: The Early Years">{{cite web |title=Fulbright: The Early Years |publisher=U.S. Department of State |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/early-years |access-date=2013-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507050103/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/early-years |archive-date=2013-05-07 |url-status=live }}</ref>
On August 1, 1946, President [[Harry S. Truman]] signed the bill into law, and Congress created the Fulbright Program in what became the largest education exchange program in history.
Since it began, the program has operated on a bi-national basis; each country active in the Fulbright Program has entered into an agreement with the U.S. government. The first countries to sign agreements were China in 1947 and Burma, the Philippines, and Greece in 1948.<ref name="Fulbright: The Early Years"/>
== Program ==
[[File:Countries with operating Fulbright programs, Mar 2020.svg|thumb|600px|Countries with active bilateral Fulbright Student and Fulbright Scholar programs with the US ({{as of|2020|lc=y}}). Light shading indicates countries with just Fulbright Scholar programs.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505044116/http://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries |archive-date=2016-05-05 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013100530/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country |archive-date=2019-10-13 |url-status=live }}</ref> (Mainland China and Hong Kong Fulbright programs were terminated by means of presidential executive order on July 13, 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trump targets Fulbright in China, Hong Kong|url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/07/16/trump-targets-fulbright-china-hong-kong|access-date=2020-07-30|website=www.insidehighered.com|language=en}}</ref>
{{legend|#e41a1c|East Asia and the Pacific|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#2171b5|Europe and Eurasia|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#E5A400|Middle East and North Africa|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#F18805|South and Central Asia|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#984ea3|Sub-Saharan Africa|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#4daf4a|Western Hemisphere|border=1px #555 solid}}
|alt=]]
{{quote|Educational exchange can turn nations into people, contributing as no other form of communication can to the humanizing of international relations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright |title=Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs: About Fulbright |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs |access-date=2018-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609035428/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright |archive-date=2018-06-09 |url-status=live }}</ref>|sign=Senator [[J. William Fulbright]]}}
The Fulbright Program exchanges scholars and students with numerous countries in bilateral partnerships managed by commissions for each country. It provides funding for U.S. persons to visit other countries in the U.S. Student Program, U.S. Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program, and others, and enables foreign nationals to visit the United States in programs such as the Foreign Student Program, Visiting Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program.
Candidates recommended for Fulbright grants have high academic achievement, a compelling project proposal or statement of purpose, demonstrated leadership potential, and flexibility and adaptability to interact successfully with the host community.
Fulbright grants are awarded in almost all academic disciplines, except clinical medical research involving patient contact. Fulbright grantees' fields of study span the fine arts, humanities, social sciences, mathematics, natural and physical sciences, and professional and applied sciences.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fields of Study/Project Topics |publisher=U.S. Department of State |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |access-date=2013-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022001035/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |archive-date=2013-10-22 |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Student grants ===
* The Fulbright Degree Program funds graduate education for international students wanting to study in the USA. Students apply for the scholarship in their home country and after a long process, they can pursue a Masters or Ph.D. program in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/|title=Fulbright Scholarship 2020 - Step-Wise Guide {{!}} Scholar Den|last=admin|date=2020-02-16|website=SD GRE Blog|language=en|access-date=2020-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219051618/https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/|archive-date=2020-02-19|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating college seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to research, study, or teach English abroad for one academic year. The program facilitates cultural exchange through direct interaction on an individual basis in the classroom, field, home, and in routine tasks, allowing the grantee to gain an appreciation of others’ viewpoints and beliefs, the way they do things, and the way they think. The 2021-2022 application for the U.S. Student Program is closed; the 2022-2023 application will open in the spring of 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Berkey|first=Ayden|date=October 30, 2020|title=Fulbright U.S. Student Program|url=https://accessscholarships.com/scholarship/fulbright-u-s-student-program|website=Access Scholarships}}</ref> Since the inaugural class in 1949, [[Harvard University|Harvard]], [[Yale University|Yale]], [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]], [[Columbia University in the City of New York|Columbia]], and [[University of Michigan|Michigan]] have been the top producers of U.S. Student Program scholars. Michigan has been the leading producer since 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://topproducing.fulbrightonline.org/|title=Top Producing Institutions|website=us.fulbrightonline.org|access-date=November 4, 2020}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Top 10 Producers
! data-sort-type="number" |Scholars(All-time)||Scholars(Since 2005)
|-
|-
|align="center" |[[Harvard University]]
|align="center" |1,437
|align="center" |410
|-
|align="center" |[[Yale University]]
|align="center" |1,199
|align="center" |372
|-
|align="center" |[[University of California, Berkeley]]
|align="center" |996
|align="center" |306
|-
|align="center" |[[Columbia University]]
|align="center" |986
|align="center" |327
|-
|align="center" |[[University of Michigan-Ann Arbor]]
|align="center" |931
|align="center" |450
|-
|align="center" |[[Princeton University]]
|align="center" |882
|align="center" |299
|-
|align="center" |[[University of Wisconsin-Madison]]
|align="center" |802
|align="center" |225
|-
|align="center" |[[Stanford University]]
|align="center" |799
|align="center" |289
|-
|align="center" |[[University of Chicago]]
|align="center" |758
|align="center" |354
|-
|align="center" |[[Brown University]]
|align="center" |708
|align="center" |391
|}
{{reflist|group=a}}
* The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.
* The Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant Program provides opportunities for young English teachers from overseas to refine their teaching skills and broaden their knowledge of American culture and society while strengthening the instruction of foreign languages at colleges and universities in the United States.
* The International Fulbright Science and Technology Award, a component of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, supports doctoral study at leading U.S. institutions in science, technology, engineering or related fields for outstanding foreign students. This program is currently on hiatus.
* The Fulbright-mtvU Fellowships award up to four U.S. students the opportunity to study the power of music as a cultural force abroad. Fellows conduct research for one academic year on projects of their own design about a chosen musical aspect. They share their experiences during their Fulbright year via video reports, blogs and podcasts.
* The Fulbright-Clinton Fellowship provides the opportunity for U.S. students to serve in professional placements in foreign government ministries or institutions to gain hands-on public sector experience in participating foreign countries.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?">{{cite web |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |title=Which Grant Is Right For Me? – Fulbright – International Educational Exchange Program |publisher=eca.state.gov |date=2008-01-31 |access-date=2012-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120035802/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |archive-date=2012-11-20 |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Scholar grants ===
* The Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards comprise approximately forty distinguished lecturing, distinguished research and distinguished lecturing/research awards ranging from three to 12 months. Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards are viewed as among the most prestigious appointments in the U.S. Fulbright Scholar Program. Candidates should be eminent scholars and have a significant publication and teaching record.
*The Fulbright Bicentennial Chair in American Studies at the University of Helsinki brings scholars of various disciplines to Finland. The Bicentennial Chair is open to senior faculty with outstanding publication and teaching credentials and is also considered to be among the most prestigious Fulbright appointments.
* The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American faculty members, scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.
* The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. academics and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas institutions for a period of two to six weeks.
* The Fulbright Visiting Scholar Program and Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence Program bring foreign scholars to lecture or conduct post-doctoral research for up to a year at U.S. colleges and universities.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?"/>
* The Fulbright Regional Network for Applied Research (NEXUS) Program is a network of junior scholars, professionals and mid-career applied researchers from the United States, Brazil, Canada, and other Western Hemisphere nations in a year-long program that includes multi-disciplinary, team-based research, a series of three seminar meetings, and a Fulbright exchange experience.
=== Teacher grants ===
* The Fulbright Teacher Exchange Program supports one-to-one exchanges of teachers from K–12 schools and a small number of post-secondary institutions.
* The Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program sends teachers abroad for a semester to pursue individual projects, conduct research, and lead master classes or seminars.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?"/>
=== Grants for professionals ===
* The Hubert H. Humphrey Program brings outstanding mid-career professionals from the developing world and societies in transition to the United States for one year. Fellows participate in a non-degree program of academic study and gain professional experience.
* The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.
* The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. faculty and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas academic institutions for a period of two to six weeks.
* The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to study abroad for one academic year. The Program also includes an English Teaching Assistant component.
* The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?"/>
=== Fulbright–Hays Program ===
* A portion of the Fulbright Program is a Congressional appropriation to the United States Department of Education for the Fulbright–Hays Program.
* These grants are awarded to individual U.S. K through 14 pre-teachers, teachers and administrators, pre-doctoral students and post-doctoral faculty, as well as to U.S. institutions and organizations. Funding supports research and training efforts overseas, which focus on non-western foreign languages and area studies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html |title=Archived: International Education Programs Service – Fulbright–Hays Programs: The World is Our Classroom |publisher=ed.gov |access-date=2012-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708063043/http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html |archive-date=2012-07-08 |url-status=live }}</ref>
== Administration ==
The program is coordinated by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) of the U.S. Department of State under policy guidelines established by the Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board (FSB), with the help of 50 bi-national Fulbright commissions, U.S. embassies, and cooperating organizations in the U.S.<ref name="Fulbright Program Fact Sheet"/>
The [[United States Department of State]] is responsible for managing, coordinating and overseeing the Fulbright program. [[Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]] is the bureau in the Department of State that has primary responsibility for the administration of the program.
The Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board is a twelve-member board of educational and public leaders appointed by the President of the United States that determines general policy and direction for the Fulbright Program and approves all candidates nominated for Fulbright Scholarships.
Bi-national Fulbright commissions and foundations, most of which are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments, develop priorities for the program, including the numbers and categories of grants. More specifically, they plan and implement educational exchanges, recruit and nominate candidates for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; fundraise; engage alumni; support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters; and, in many countries, operate an information service for the public on educational opportunities in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fulbright Commissions |publisher=U.S. Department of State |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |access-date=2013-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101172159/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |archive-date=2013-11-01 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In a country active in the program without a Fulbright commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy administers the Fulbright Program, including recruiting and nominating candidates for grants to the U.S., overseeing U.S. Fulbrighters on their grant in the country, and engaging alumni.
Established in 1919 in the aftermath of World War I, the [[Institute of International Education]] was created to catalyze educational exchange. In 1946, the U.S. Department of State invited IIE to administer the graduate student component and CIES to administer the faculty component of the Fulbright Program—IIE's largest program to date.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iie.org/en/Who-We-Are/History |title=History | Who We Are | Institute of International Education |publisher=Iie.org |access-date=2012-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616231800/http://www.iie.org/en/Who-We-Are/History |archive-date=2012-06-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The [[Council for International Exchange of Scholars]] is a division of IIE that administers the Fulbright Scholar Program.
[[AMIDEAST]] administers Fulbright Foreign Student grants for grantees from the Middle East and North Africa, excluding Israel.
LASPAU: Affiliated with Harvard University<ref name="LASPAU - Harvard">{{cite web|title=LASPAU|url=http://www.laspau.harvard.edu/|website=Harvard University|access-date=2018-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425181708/http://www.laspau.harvard.edu/|archive-date=2018-04-25|url-status=live}}</ref> LASPAU brings together a valuable network of individuals, institutions, leaders and organizations devoted to building knowledge-based societies across the Americas. Among other functions, LASPAU administers the Junior Faculty Development Program, a part of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, for grantees from Central and South America and the Caribbean.
[[World Learning]] administers the Fulbright Specialist Program.<ref>fulbrightspecialist.worldlearning.org/
</ref>
American Councils for International Education (ACTR/ACCELS) administers the Junior Faculty Development Program (JFDP), a special academic exchange for grantees from the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Southeast Europe.
The [[AED (non-profit)|Academy for Educational Development]] administers the Fulbright Classroom Teacher Exchange Program and the Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program.
== Related organizations ==
The [[Fulbright Association]] is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. The Fulbright Association was established on Feb. 27, 1977, as a private nonprofit, membership organization with over 9,000 members. The late Arthur Power Dudden was its founding president. He wanted alumni to educate members of the U.S. Congress and the public about the benefits of advancing increased mutual understanding between the people of the United States and those of other countries. In addition to the Fulbright Association in the U.S., independent Fulbright Alumni associations exist in over 75 countries around the world.
The [[Fulbright Academy]] is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. A non-partisan, non-profit organization with members worldwide, the Fulbright Academy focuses on the professional advancement and collaboration needs among the 100,000+ Fulbright alumni in science, technology and related fields. The Fulbright Academy works with individual and institutional members, Fulbright alumni associations and other organizations interested in leveraging the unique knowledge and skills of Fulbright alumni.
== Bilateral commissions ==
The Fulbright Program has commissions in 49 of the over 160 countries with which it has bilateral partnerships. These foundations are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments. The role of the Fulbright Commissions is to plan and implement educational exchanges; recruit and nominate candidates, both domestic and foreign, for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; and support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters while engaging with alumni.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112121837/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |archive-date=2020-01-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> Below is a list of current commissions.
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="width:99%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:15%;"| Region
! scope="col" style="width:15%;"| Country
! scope="col" style="width:50%;"| Commission
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="9" | East Asia and the Pacific
| {{Country|Australia}}
| The Australian-American Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Indonesia}}
| American-Indonesian Exchange Foundation
|-
| {{Country|Japan}}
| Japan-United States Educational Commission
|-
| {{Country|Korea}}
| Korean-American Educational Commission
|-
| {{Country|Malaysia}}
| Malaysian-American Commission on Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|New Zealand}}
| New Zealand-United States Educational Foundation
|-
| {{Country|The Philippines}}
| Philippine-American Educational Foundation
|-
| {{Country|Taiwan}}
| Foundation for Scholarly Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Thailand}}
| Thailand-U.S. Educational Foundation
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="23" | Europe and Eurasia
| {{Country|Austria}}
| [[Fulbright Austria|Austrian-American Educational Commission]]
|-
| {{Country|Belgium}}
| [[Fulbright Commission Belgium|Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg]]
|-
| {{Country|Bulgaria}}
| Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Czech Republic}}
| J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Czech Republic
|-
| {{Country|Denmark}}
| Fulbright Denmark
|-
| {{Country|Finland}}
| Fulbright Finland Foundation
|-
| {{Country|France}}
| [[Franco-American Fulbright Commission|Franco-American Commission for Educational Exchange]]
|-
| {{Country|Germany}}
| German-American Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Greece}}
| U.S. Educational Foundation in Greece
|-
| {{Country|Hungary}}
| Hungarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Iceland}}
| [[Fulbright Commission Iceland|Iceland-United States Educational Commission]]
|-
| {{Country|Ireland}}
| The Ireland-United States Commission for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Italy}}
| [[U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission|The U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission]]
|-
| {{Country|Netherlands}}
| Fulbright Commission the Netherlands
|-
| {{Country|Norway}}
| U.S.-Norway Fulbright Foundation for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Poland}}
| Polish-U.S. Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Portugal}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Portugal
|-
| {{Country|Romania}}
| Romanian-U.S. Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Slovak Republic}}
| [[Slovak Fulbright Commission|J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Slovak Republic]]
|-
| {{Country|Spain}}
| Commission for Cultural, Educational and Scientific Exchange Between the United States of America and Spain
|-
| {{Country|Sweden}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Sweden
|-
| {{Country|Turkey}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Turkey
|-
| {{Country|United Kingdom}}
|[[UK Fulbright Commission|The United States-United Kingdom Fulbright Commission]]
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4" | Middle East and North Africa
| {{Country|Egypt}}
| The Binational Fulbright Commission in Egypt
|-
| {{Country|Israel}}
| U.S.-Israel Educational Foundation (USIEF)
|-
| {{Country|Jordan}}
| Jordanian-American Commission for Educational Exchange (JACEE)
|-
| {{Country|Morocco}}
| [[The Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange (MACECE)|Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange]]
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4" | South and Central Asia
| {{Country|India}}
| United States-India Educational Foundation
|-
| {{Country|Nepal}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Nepal (USEF/Nepal)
|-
| {{Country|Pakistan}}
| United States Educational Foundation in Pakistan
|-
| {{Country|Sri Lanka}}
| United States-Sri Lanka Fulbright Commission
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="9" | Western Hemisphere
| {{Country|Argentina}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and the Argentine Republic
|-
| {{Country|Brazil}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States of America and Brazil
|-
| {{Country|Canada}}
| Foundation for Educational Exchange Between Canada and the United States of America
|-
| {{Country|Chile}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Chile
|-
| {{Country|Colombia}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Colombia
|-
| {{Country|Ecuador}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Ecuador
|-
| {{Country|Mexico}}
| Mexico-United States Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Peru}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and Peru
|-
| {{Country| Uruguay}}
| Fulbright Uruguay
|}
== J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding == <!-- This section is linked from [[Martti Ahtisaari]] -->
The '''J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding''' is awarded by the [[Fulbright Association]] to recognize individuals or organisations which have made extraordinary contributions toward bringing peoples, cultures, or nations to greater understanding of others. Established in 1993, the prize was first awarded to [[Nelson Mandela]].
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Person
!Year
!Country
|-
|[[Nelson Mandela]]
| 1993
|{{Country|South Africa|1928}}
|-
|[[Jimmy Carter]]
| 1994
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Franz Vranitzky]]
| 1995
|{{Country|Austria}}
|-
|[[Corazon Aquino]]
| 1996
|{{Country|Philippines}}
|-
|[[Václav Havel]]
| 1997
|{{Country|Czech Republic}}
|-
|[[Patricio Aylwin]]
| 1998
|{{Country|Chile}}
|-
|[[Mary Robinson]]
|1999
|{{Country|Ireland}}
|-
|[[Martti Ahtisaari]]
| 2000
|{{Country|Finland}}
|-
|[[Kofi Annan]]
| 2001
|{{Country|Ghana}}
|-
|[[Sadako Ogata]]
| 2002
|{{Country|Japan}}
|-
|[[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]]
| 2003
|{{Country|Brazil}}
|-
|[[Colin Powell]]
| 2004
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Bill Clinton]]
| 2006
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Desmond Tutu]]
| 2008
|{{Country|South Africa}}
|-
|[[Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation]]
| 2010
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Médecins Sans Frontières]]
| 2012
|{{Country|France}}
|-
|[[Hans Blix]]
|2014
|{{Country|Sweden}}
|-
|[[Richard Lugar]]
|2016
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Angela Merkel]]
|2018
|{{Country|Germany}}
|}
== Notable alumni ==
Fulbright alumni have occupied key roles in government, academia, and industry. Of the more than 325,000 alumni:
* 88 have received the [[Pulitzer Prize]]<ref name=notable/>
* 75 have been [[MacArthur Fellows]]<ref name=notable/>
* 60 have received a [[Nobel Prize]]<ref name=notable/>
* 38 have served as head of state or government<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment
| title = Heads of State/Government
| date = March 6, 2020
| website = www.State.Gov
| publisher = US State Department
| access-date = March 6, 2020
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190721184026/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment
| archive-date = July 21, 2019
| url-status = live
}}</ref><ref name=notable/>
* 10 have been elected to [[US Congress]]
* 1 has served as secretary general of the [[United Nations]]
The following list is a selected group of notable Fulbright grant recipients:
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[William Drea Adams|William D. "Bro" Adams]], university administrator and [[National Endowment for the Humanities|NEH]] [[Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities|Chair]] (2014–2017)
* [[Edward Albee]], recipient (three times) of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Drama]]
* [[Karim Alrawi]], recipient of the [[Samuel Beckett Award]] for the Performing Arts, President of Egyptian [[International Pen|Pen]] (1993-1994)
* [[Francis Andersen]], Australian Hebrew and biblical studies scholar
* [[John Ashbery]], American poet<ref>{{cite web|last1=Piccinnini|first1=Douglas|title=Ashbery in Paris: Out of School|url=http://jacketmagazine.com/37/piccinnini-ashbery.shtml|website=Jacket 2|access-date=8 October 2015|date=2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083413/http://jacketmagazine.com/37/piccinnini-ashbery.shtml|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[George Benneh]], Ghanaian academic, university administrator and public servant
* [[Victor Bianchini]], U.S. federal judge, California State superior court judge, retired Colonel of U.S. Marine Corps; former law school dean
* [[Boutros Boutros-Ghali]], Egyptian politician and Secretary-General of the United Nations, 1992-1996
* [[Michael Broyde]] (born 1964), American law professor
* [[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]], President of Brazil from 1995 to 2002,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://members.fulbright.org/?prize_cardosa | title=Fernando Henrique Cardoso | publisher=Fulbright Association | access-date=November 11, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111055234/http://members.fulbright.org/?prize_cardosa | archive-date=November 11, 2014 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Kyle Carey]], Celtic American musician<ref>{{cite web | title=Featured Fulbrighter – Kyle Carey | url=http://www.fulbright.ca/featured-fulbrighters/ms-kyle-carey/364.html | work=Fulbright Canada | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143312/http://www.fulbright.ca/featured-fulbrighters/ms-kyle-carey/364.html | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Bob Carr]], Australian politician<ref>{{cite web | title=Announcing our Inaugural Conference Keynote - Professor the Hon Bob Carr | url=https://fulbrightalumni.org.au/news/5053477 | first=Vanessa | last=Adams | work=Fulbright Australia | date=August 29, 2017 | access-date=June 9, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141144/https://fulbrightalumni.org.au/news/5053477 | archive-date=June 12, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Ron Castan]], Australian Constitutional law barrister<ref>{{cite web | title=ADJOURNMENT | url=http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;db=CHAMBER;id=chamber%2Fhansardr%2F1999-10-21%2F0097;query=Id%3A%22chamber%2Fhansardr%2F1999-10-21%2F0091%22}}</ref>
* [[Lenora Champagne]], playwright, performance artist and director<ref>{{cite web | title=Traps by Lenora Champagne | url=http://theoldstonehouse.org/event/traps-by-lenora-champagne/ | publisher=[[Old Stone House (Washington, D.C.)|Old Stone House]] | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142148/http://theoldstonehouse.org/event/traps-by-lenora-champagne/ | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Dante R. Chialvo]], scientist.<ref>{{cite web | title=CHIALVO NAMED FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY | url=https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2008/01/chialvo.html | publisher=[[Northwestern University]] | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162041/https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2008/01/chialvo.html | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Dale Chihuly]], glass sculptor and entrepreneur.<ref>{{cite news | title=GLASS THAT'LL BOWL YOU OVER | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/02/23/glass-thatll-bowl-you-over/9b32d960-8a19-4929-ba2a-2a947f59ad97/ | first=Jo Ann | last=Lewis | work=[[The Washington Post]] | date=February 23, 1996 | access-date=June 9, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143601/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/02/23/glass-thatll-bowl-you-over/9b32d960-8a19-4929-ba2a-2a947f59ad97/ | archive-date=June 12, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[George C. Clerk]], Ghanaian botanist and plant pathologist pioneer <ref name=":21">{{Cite web|url=https://natureecoevocommunity.nature.com/users/264613-daniel-p-clerk/posts/49989-in-memoriam-george-carver-clerk-87|title=In memoriam: George Carver Clerk, 87|date=2019-06-13|website=Nature Research Ecology & Evolution Community|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref><ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|date=July 2019|title=Obituary of George Carver Clerk, 1931–2019|url=https://www.isppweb.org/newsletters/pdf/49_7.pdf|journal=ISPP Newsletter|publisher=International Society for Plant Pathology|volume=49|issue=7|pages=5|access-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701171541/https://www.isppweb.org/newsletters/pdf/49_7.pdf|archive-date=2019-07-01|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Nathan Collett]], filmmaker<ref>{{cite web | title=2006 Fellowship Recipients | url=https://ahf.usc.edu/recipients/2006-2/ | publisher=[[University of Southern California]] | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612175515/https://ahf.usc.edu/recipients/2006-2/ | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Aaron Copland]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Music]]
* [[Leah Curtis (composer)|Leah Curtis]], Australian composer<ref>{{cite web|title='New' alumnus wins prestigious Fulbright postgraduate award|url=http://www.newcollege.unsw.edu.au/news/award/new-alumnus-wins-prestigious-fulbright-postgraduate-award|work=New College, University of New South Wales|publisher=New College, University of New South Wales|access-date=28 October 2012}}</ref>
* [[Myanna Dellinger]], Danish-American law professor
* [[Arthur Deshaies]], artist, printmaker, professor and head of the graphic workshop, Florida State University <ref name="Spartanburg Herald-Journal Aug 2011">{{cite news |title=Arthur Emillien Deshaies |work=Spartanburg Herald-Journal |location=Spartanburg, South Carolina |date=2011-08-03 |page=4 }}</ref>
* [[Rita Dove]], U.S. Poet Laureate and recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]]
* [[Eugenia Del Pino]], developmental biologist, Ecuadorian
* [[Eric Foner]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for History]]
* [[John Hope Franklin]], historian and [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] recipient
* [[Maryellen Fullerton]], lawyer and law professor and interim dean at [[Brooklyn Law School]]
* [[Radhika Gajjala]], a communications and a cultural studies professor,
* [[Ashraf Ghani]], the President of Afghanistan,<ref>{{cite news |date= December 30, 2019 |title= Ashraf Ghani Fast Facts |url= https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html |work= CNN |access-date= February 25, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200226190009/https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html |archive-date= February 26, 2020 |url-status= live }}</ref>
* [[Gabrielle Giffords]], [[United States Representative]] for [[Arizona's 8th congressional district]]
* [[Robert A. Gorman]] (born 1937), law professor at the [[University of Pennsylvania Law School]]
* [[Wendy Greengross]] (1925–2012), general practitioner and broadcaster<ref name="ONDB">{{cite web|last1=Bayfield |first1=Tony |title=Greengross [married name Katz, later Kates], Wendy Elsa (1925–2012) |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/106704 |website=ONDB |publisher=OUP |access-date=26 November 2017}}</ref>
* [[Nigel Healey]], Vice Chancellor, [[Fiji National University]]
*[[Robert Hess (college president)|Robert Hess]] (1938-1994), President of [[Brooklyn College]]
*[[John Honnold]] (1915-2011), American law professor at the [[University of Pennsylvania Law School]]
* [[Rahul M. Jindal]], Indian-American transplant surgeon at [[Uniformed Services University]].
*[[Roberta Karmel]] (born 1937), Centennial Professor of Law at [[Brooklyn Law School]], and first female [[Securities and Exchange Commission appointees|Commissioner]] of the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]].
*[[Charles Kennedy]], British politician.
* [[Suzanne Klotz]], painter and sculptor<ref>{{cite web|last1=Klotz|first1=Suzanne|title=Fulbright Scholar|url=http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars?field_scholar_type_tid%5B%5D=1&field_first_name_value=Suzanne&field_last_name_value=Klotz&field_field_of_study_term_tid=All&title=&field_project_title_value=&title_1=&field_grant_dates_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_grant_dates_value2%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=|website=Fulbright Scholar Program|access-date=18 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006104550/http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars?field_scholar_type_tid%5B%5D=1&field_first_name_value=Suzanne&field_last_name_value=Klotz&field_field_of_study_term_tid=All&title=&field_project_title_value=&title_1=&field_grant_dates_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_grant_dates_value2%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=|archive-date=6 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{col-2}}
* [[Karen LaMonte]], sculptor<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oldknow |first1=Tina |title=Meet the Artist: Karen LaMonte |url=https://www.cmog.org/transcript/meet-artist-karen-lamonte |website=Corning Museum of Glass |access-date=February 28, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008072826/http://www.cmog.org/transcript/meet-artist-karen-lamonte |archive-date=October 8, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[John Lithgow]], actor
* [[Dolph Lundgren]], actor
* [[Jamil Mahuad]], President of Ecuador from 1998 to 2000
* [[John Atta Mills]], legal scholar and President of Ghana (2009-12)
*[[Baidyanath Misra]], former Vice-Chancellor of the [[Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology]]
* [[Robert Nozick]],<ref>Juntin Wintle, [https://books.google.com/books?id=991tT3wSot0C&lpg=PP1&ots=kMv9_Isgh9&dq=Makers%20of%20modern%20culture%20By%20Justin%20Wintle&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false Makers of modern culture], Routledge 2002.</ref> American political philosopher
* [[Joan Oates]], archaeologist
* [[Mikael Owunna]], photographer
* [[Linus Pauling]], awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] and the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]
* [[Sylvia Plath]], poet, recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]] in 1982
* [[Ian Rankin]], author
* [[Theodore Roethke]], poet, recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]] in 1954 and the [[National Book Award for Poetry]] in 1959 and 1965
* [[Juan Manuel Santos]], the former President of Colombia from 2010 and 2018,<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Laurels|magazine=[[Tufts Magazine]]|year=2010|url=http://www.tufts.edu/alumni/magazine/fall2010/planet-tufts/laurels.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219213507/http://www.tufts.edu/alumni/magazine/fall2010/planet-tufts/laurels.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 December 2010|access-date=5 July 2013|location=Medford, MA|issn=1535-5063|oclc=45710313}}</ref>
* [[Philip Schultz]] poet<ref name=winners>{{cite web | title=Fulbrighters & Pulitzer Prize Winners | url=http://fulbright.state.gov/notable-alumni/pulitzer-prize-winners | publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]] | access-date=2012-10-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616232321/http://fulbright.state.gov/notable-alumni/pulitzer-prize-winners | archive-date=2012-06-16 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Heather J. Sharkey]], historian of the Middle East and Africa at the [[University of Pennsylvania]]
* [[Wallace Shawn]], actor and playwright
* [[Jane Smiley]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]]
* [[Joseph Stiglitz]], recipient of the [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize in Economics]]
* [[Herbert Storing]], Robert Kent Gooch Professor of Government and Foreign Affairs at the [[University of Virginia]]
* [[Robert S. Summers]], law professor at [[Cornell Law School]]
* [[Rishi Sunak]], [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]
* [[Sergio Troncoso]], author of ''[[From This Wicked Patch of Dust]]'', ''[[Crossing Borders: Personal Essays]]'', and ''[[The Nature of Truth]]''
* [[Sasha Velour]], drag queen, artist, and winner of [[RuPaul's Drag Race (season 9)|season nine of RuPaul's Drag Race]]
* [[Eudora Welty]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]]
* [[C. Vann Woodward]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for History]]
* [[Charles Wright (poet)|Charles Wright]], American poet<ref name=winners/>
* [[James Wright (poet)|James Wright]], American poet<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gray|first1=Jeffrey|title=Mastery's End: Travel and Postwar American Poetry|date=2005|publisher=UGA Press|location=Athens, GA|page=145|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3KsP32CLGtcC&q=adrienne%20rich%20fulbright&pg=PP1|access-date=12 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610172032/https://books.google.com/books?id=3KsP32CLGtcC&lpg=PA145&ots=YAEtqNYfFA&dq=adrienne%20rich%20fulbright&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false|archive-date=10 June 2016|url-status=live|isbn=9780820326634}}</ref>
* [[Muhammad Yunus]], awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]
{{col-end}}
== See also ==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Academic mobility]]
* [[Belgian American Educational Foundation]] (BAEF)
* [[Chevening Scholarship]]
* [[Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation]]
* [[EducationUSA]]
* [[Erasmus Programme]]
* [[German Academic Exchange Service]] ([[Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst]])
* [[Goodwill Scholarships]]
* [[Harkness Fellowship]]
* [[ITT International Fellowship Program]]
* [[Jürgen Mulert]]
* [[Marshall Scholarship]]
* [[Gates Cambridge Scholarship]]
* [[Monbukagakusho Scholarship]]
* [[Rhodes Scholarship]]
* [[Yenching Scholarship]]
* [[Jardine Scholarship]]
{{div col end}}
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
== External links ==
* [http://eca.state.gov/fulbright U.S. Department of State Fulbright Website], the program's sponsor
* [http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html Fulbright–Hays information], U.S. Department of Education
* [http://www.fulbrightonline.org/ Fulbright Student Program Homepage]
* [http://www.cies.org/ Fulbright Scholar Program], grants for university and college faculty, administrators and professionals
* [http://www.fulbrightteacherexchange.org/ Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs], K–12 Teacher Exchange
* [http://www.fulbrightteacherexchange.org/ Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs], K–12 Teacher Exchange
;Directories of past grantees
* [https://alumni.state.gov US Bureau of Educational & Cultural Affairs: International Exchange Alumni]
* [http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars Fulbright Scholar Directory]
* [http://us.fulbrightonline.org/component/filter/?view=filter US Student Program]
{{Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation}}
[[Category:Fulbright Scholars]]
[[Category:Fulbright Distinguished Chairs]]
[[Category:Academic transfer]]
[[Category:Student exchange]]
[[Category:Scholarships in the United States]]
[[Category:1946 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:American education awards]]
[[Category:Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]]
[[Category:United States Department of State]]
[[Category:Government scholarships]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{short description|Merit-based grants}}
{{redirect2|Fulbright|Fullbright|the senator|J. William Fulbright|the indie video game developer|Fullbright (company)}}
[[File:Fulbright Program.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.0|Official Fulbright Program logo used since May 2019]]
The '''Fulbright Program''', including the '''Fulbright–Hays Program''', is one of several [[United States Cultural Exchange Programs]] with the goal to improve [[intercultural relations]], [[cultural diplomacy]], and [[intercultural competence]] between the people of the United States and other countries through the exchange of persons, knowledge, and skills. Via the program, competitively-selected [[American citizen]]s including students, scholars, teachers, professionals, scientists and artists may receive scholarships or [[Grant (money)|grants]] to study, conduct research, teach, or exercise their talents abroad; and citizens of other countries may qualify to do the same in the United States. The program was founded by [[United States Senator]] [[J. William Fulbright]] in 1946 and is considered to be one of the most widely recognized and prestigious scholarships in the world.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/the-scholarship-coach/2011/11/25/get-noticed-through-prestigious-scholarships | title=Get Noticed Through Prestigious Scholarships | publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]] | date=November 25, 2011 | access-date=March 22, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322204800/https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/the-scholarship-coach/2011/11/25/get-noticed-through-prestigious-scholarships | archive-date=March 22, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref> The program provides approximately 8,000 grants annually – roughly 1,600 to U.S. students, 1,200 to U.S. scholars, 4,000 to foreign students, 900 to foreign visiting scholars, and several hundred to teachers and professionals.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.cies.org/about-us | title=Fulbright Scholar Program: About Us | publisher=Comparative and International Education Society | access-date=2017-06-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621065912/http://www.cies.org/about-us | archive-date=2017-06-21 | url-status=live }}</ref>
The Fulbright Program is administered by cooperating organizations such as the [[Institute of International Education]] and operates in over 160 countries around the world.<ref>{{cite web | title=IIE Programs | publisher=Institute of International Education | url=http://www.iie.org/What-We-Do/Fellowship-And-Scholarship-Management/Programs | access-date=2014-07-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728221410/http://www.iie.org/What-We-Do/Fellowship-And-Scholarship-Management/Programs | archive-date=2014-07-28 | url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]] of the [[U.S. Department of State]] sponsors the Fulbright Program and receives funding from the [[United States Congress]] via annual [[appropriation bill]]s. Additional direct and in-kind support comes from partner governments, foundations, corporations, and host institutions both in and outside the U.S.<ref name="Fulbright Program Fact Sheet">{{cite web|title = Fulbright Program Fact Sheet|publisher = U.S. Department of State|url = http://eca.state.gov/files/bureau/fulbright_fact_sheet_2.pdf|access-date = 2013-12-16|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140923171523/http://eca.state.gov/files/bureau/fulbright_fact_sheet_2.pdf|archive-date = 2014-09-23|url-status = live}}</ref> In 49 countries, a bi-national Fulbright Commission administers and oversees the Fulbright Program. In countries that have an active program but no Fulbright Commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy oversees the Fulbright Program. More than 370,000 people have participated in the program since it began; 60 Fulbright alumni have won [[Nobel Prizes]]; 86 have won [[Pulitzer Prize]]s.<ref name=notable>{{cite web | url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters | title=Notable Fulbrighters | publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]] | access-date=2017-05-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520080751/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters | archive-date=2017-05-20 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/that-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup/2017/06/08/06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html | title=That knock on a congressman's door could be a Fulbright scholar with a tin cup | first=Carol | last=Morello | work=[[The Washington Post]] | date=June 8, 2017 | access-date=June 9, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141802/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/that-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup/2017/06/08/06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html | archive-date=June 12, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref>
The Fulbright Program has seen occasional controversy related to recipients being asked or expected to [[Spying|spy]] for the United States government.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Friedman-Rudovsky |first1=Jean |last2=Ross |first2=Brian |date=11 February 2008 |title=Exclusive: Peace Corps, Fulbright Scholar Asked to 'Spy' on Cubans, Venezuelans |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=4262036 |work=ABC News |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Lindorff |first=Dave |date=12 February 2019 |title=Using Students, Teachers, Journalists and other Professionals as Spies Puts Everyone in Jeopardy |url=https://www.counterpunch.org/2019/02/15/using-students-teachers-journalists-and-other-professionals-as-spies-puts-everyone-in-jeopardy/ |work=CounterPunch.org |access-date=7 October 2020 |quote=Clearly, from these experiences during the early 1990s, the Fulbright Program and US journalists were being illegally and improperly sought out for use as spies by the CIA in violation of a 1977 policy barring such efforts. And since there has been no real effort to challenge that kind of activity by Congress since then, it’s a safe bet that it’s still the case.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=16 April 2020 |title=美操控港大學通識課洗腦煽暴 |url=http://news.wenweipo.com/2020/04/16/IN2004160005.htm |language=zh |work=Wen Wei Po |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref>
== History ==
[[Image:JWFulbright.jpg|thumb|[[J. William Fulbright]]]]
{{quote|The Fulbright Program's mission is to bring a little more knowledge, a little more reason, and a little more compassion into world affairs and thereby increase the chance that nations will learn at last to live in peace and friendship.<ref>{{cite web |title=J. William Fulbright Quotes |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/j-william-fulbright/j-william-fulbright-quotes |publisher=[[Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]] |access-date=2018-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142716/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/j-william-fulbright/j-william-fulbright-quotes |archive-date=2018-06-12 |url-status=live }}</ref>|sign=Senator [[J. William Fulbright]]}}
In 1945, Senator J. William Fulbright proposed a bill to use the proceeds from selling surplus U.S. government war property to fund international exchange between the U.S. and other countries. With the crucial timing of the aftermath of the Second World War and with the pressing establishment of the United Nations, the Fulbright Program was an attempt to promote peace and understanding through educational exchange. The bill devised a plan to forgo the debts foreign countries amassed during the war and in return for funding an international educational program. It was through the belief that this program would be an essential vehicle to promote peace and mutual understanding between individuals, institutions and future leaders wherever they may be.<ref name="Fulbright: The Early Years">{{cite web |title=Fulbright: The Early Years |publisher=U.S. Department of State |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/early-years |access-date=2013-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507050103/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/early-years |archive-date=2013-05-07 |url-status=live }}</ref>
On August 1, 1946, President [[Harry S. Truman]] signed the bill into law, and Congress created the Fulbright Program in what became the largest education exchange program in history.
Since it began, the program has operated on a bi-national basis; each country active in the Fulbright Program has entered into an agreement with the U.S. government. The first countries to sign agreements were China in 1947 and Burma, the Philippines, and Greece in 1948.<ref name="Fulbright: The Early Years"/>
== Program ==
[[File:Countries with operating Fulbright programs, Mar 2020.svg|thumb|600px|Countries with active bilateral Fulbright Student and Fulbright Scholar programs with the US ({{as of|2020|lc=y}}). Light shading indicates countries with just Fulbright Scholar programs.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505044116/http://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries |archive-date=2016-05-05 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013100530/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country |archive-date=2019-10-13 |url-status=live }}</ref> (Mainland China and Hong Kong Fulbright programs were terminated by means of presidential executive order on July 13, 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Trump targets Fulbright in China, Hong Kong|url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/07/16/trump-targets-fulbright-china-hong-kong|access-date=2020-07-30|website=www.insidehighered.com|language=en}}</ref>
{{legend|#e41a1c|East Asia and the Pacific|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#2171b5|Europe and Eurasia|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#E5A400|Middle East and North Africa|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#F18805|South and Central Asia|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#984ea3|Sub-Saharan Africa|border=1px #555 solid}}
{{legend|#4daf4a|Western Hemisphere|border=1px #555 solid}}
|alt=]]
{{quote|Educational exchange can turn nations into people, contributing as no other form of communication can to the humanizing of international relations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright |title=Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs: About Fulbright |publisher=U.S. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs |access-date=2018-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609035428/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright |archive-date=2018-06-09 |url-status=live }}</ref>|sign=Senator [[J. William Fulbright]]}}
The Fulbright Program exchanges scholars and students with numerous countries in bilateral partnerships managed by commissions for each country. It provides funding for U.S. persons to visit other countries in the U.S. Student Program, U.S. Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program, and others, and enables foreign nationals to visit the United States in programs such as the Foreign Student Program, Visiting Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program.
Candidates recommended for Fulbright grants have high academic achievement, a compelling project proposal or statement of purpose, demonstrated leadership potential, and flexibility and adaptability to interact successfully with the host community.
Fulbright grants are awarded in almost all academic disciplines, except clinical medical research involving patient contact. Fulbright grantees' fields of study span the fine arts, humanities, social sciences, mathematics, natural and physical sciences, and professional and applied sciences.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fields of Study/Project Topics |publisher=U.S. Department of State |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |access-date=2013-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022001035/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |archive-date=2013-10-22 |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Student grants ===
* The Fulbright Degree Program funds graduate education for international students wanting to study in the USA. Students apply for the scholarship in their home country and after a long process, they can pursue a Masters or Ph.D. program in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/|title=Fulbright Scholarship 2020 - Step-Wise Guide {{!}} Scholar Den|last=admin|date=2020-02-16|website=SD GRE Blog|language=en|access-date=2020-02-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219051618/https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/|archive-date=2020-02-19|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating college seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to research, study, or teach English abroad for one academic year. The program facilitates cultural exchange through direct interaction on an individual basis in the classroom, field, home, and in routine tasks, allowing the grantee to gain an appreciation of others’ viewpoints and beliefs, the way they do things, and the way they think. The 2021-2022 application for the U.S. Student Program is closed; the 2022-2023 application will open in the spring of 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Berkey|first=Ayden|date=October 30, 2020|title=Fulbright U.S. Student Program|url=https://accessscholarships.com/scholarship/fulbright-u-s-student-program|website=Access Scholarships}}</ref> Since the inaugural class in 1949, [[Harvard University|Harvard]], [[Yale University|Yale]], [[University of California, Berkeley|Berkeley]], [[Columbia University in the City of New York|Columbia]], and [[University of Michigan|Michigan]] have been the top producers of U.S. Student Program scholars. Michigan has been the leading producer since 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://topproducing.fulbrightonline.org/|title=Top Producing Institutions|website=us.fulbrightonline.org|access-date=November 4, 2020}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Top 10 Producers
! data-sort-type="number" |Scholars(All-time)||Scholars(Since 2005)
|-
|-
|align="center" |[[Harvard University]]
|align="center" |1,437
|align="center" |410
|-
|align="center" |[[Yale University]]
|align="center" |1,199
|align="center" |372
|-
|align="center" |[[University of California, Berkeley]]
|align="center" |996
|align="center" |306
|-
|align="center" |[[Columbia University]]
|align="center" |986
|align="center" |327
|-
|align="center" |[[University of Michigan-Ann Arbor]]
|align="center" |931
|align="center" |450
|-
|align="center" |[[Princeton University]]
|align="center" |882
|align="center" |299
|-
|align="center" |[[University of Wisconsin-Madison]]
|align="center" |802
|align="center" |225
|-
|align="center" |[[Stanford University]]
|align="center" |799
|align="center" |289
|-
|align="center" |[[University of Chicago]]
|align="center" |758
|align="center" |354
|-
|align="center" |[[Brown University]]
|align="center" |708
|align="center" |391
|}
{{reflist|group=a}}
* The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.
* The Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant Program provides opportunities for young English teachers from overseas to refine their teaching skills and broaden their knowledge of American culture and society while strengthening the instruction of foreign languages at colleges and universities in the United States.
* The International Fulbright Science and Technology Award, a component of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, supports doctoral study at leading U.S. institutions in science, technology, engineering or related fields for outstanding foreign students. This program is currently on hiatus.
* The Fulbright-mtvU Fellowships award up to four U.S. students the opportunity to study the power of music as a cultural force abroad. Fellows conduct research for one academic year on projects of their own design about a chosen musical aspect. They share their experiences during their Fulbright year via video reports, blogs and podcasts.
* The Fulbright-Clinton Fellowship provides the opportunity for U.S. students to serve in professional placements in foreign government ministries or institutions to gain hands-on public sector experience in participating foreign countries.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?">{{cite web |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |title=Which Grant Is Right For Me? – Fulbright – International Educational Exchange Program |publisher=eca.state.gov |date=2008-01-31 |access-date=2012-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120035802/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs |archive-date=2012-11-20 |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Scholar grants ===
* The Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards comprise approximately forty distinguished lecturing, distinguished research and distinguished lecturing/research awards ranging from three to 12 months. Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards are viewed as among the most prestigious appointments in the U.S. Fulbright Scholar Program. Candidates should be eminent scholars and have a significant publication and teaching record.
*The Fulbright Bicentennial Chair in American Studies at the University of Helsinki brings scholars of various disciplines to Finland. The Bicentennial Chair is open to senior faculty with outstanding publication and teaching credentials and is also considered to be among the most prestigious Fulbright appointments.
* The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American faculty members, scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.
* The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. academics and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas institutions for a period of two to six weeks.
* The Fulbright Visiting Scholar Program and Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence Program bring foreign scholars to lecture or conduct post-doctoral research for up to a year at U.S. colleges and universities.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?"/>
* The Fulbright Regional Network for Applied Research (NEXUS) Program is a network of junior scholars, professionals and mid-career applied researchers from the United States, Brazil, Canada, and other Western Hemisphere nations in a year-long program that includes multi-disciplinary, team-based research, a series of three seminar meetings, and a Fulbright exchange experience.
=== Teacher grants ===
* The Fulbright Teacher Exchange Program supports one-to-one exchanges of teachers from K–12 schools and a small number of post-secondary institutions.
* The Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program sends teachers abroad for a semester to pursue individual projects, conduct research, and lead master classes or seminars.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?"/>
=== Grants for professionals ===
* The Hubert H. Humphrey Program brings outstanding mid-career professionals from the developing world and societies in transition to the United States for one year. Fellows participate in a non-degree program of academic study and gain professional experience.
* The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.
* The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. faculty and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas academic institutions for a period of two to six weeks.
* The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to study abroad for one academic year. The Program also includes an English Teaching Assistant component.
* The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.<ref name="Which Grant is Right for Me?"/>
=== Fulbright–Hays Program ===
* A portion of the Fulbright Program is a Congressional appropriation to the United States Department of Education for the Fulbright–Hays Program.
* These grants are awarded to individual U.S. K through 14 pre-teachers, teachers and administrators, pre-doctoral students and post-doctoral faculty, as well as to U.S. institutions and organizations. Funding supports research and training efforts overseas, which focus on non-western foreign languages and area studies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html |title=Archived: International Education Programs Service – Fulbright–Hays Programs: The World is Our Classroom |publisher=ed.gov |access-date=2012-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120708063043/http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html |archive-date=2012-07-08 |url-status=live }}</ref>
== Administration ==
The program is coordinated by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) of the U.S. Department of State under policy guidelines established by the Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board (FSB), with the help of 50 bi-national Fulbright commissions, U.S. embassies, and cooperating organizations in the U.S.<ref name="Fulbright Program Fact Sheet"/>
The [[United States Department of State]] is responsible for managing, coordinating and overseeing the Fulbright program. [[Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]] is the bureau in the Department of State that has primary responsibility for the administration of the program.
The Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board is a twelve-member board of educational and public leaders appointed by the President of the United States that determines general policy and direction for the Fulbright Program and approves all candidates nominated for Fulbright Scholarships.
Bi-national Fulbright commissions and foundations, most of which are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments, develop priorities for the program, including the numbers and categories of grants. More specifically, they plan and implement educational exchanges, recruit and nominate candidates for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; fundraise; engage alumni; support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters; and, in many countries, operate an information service for the public on educational opportunities in the United States.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fulbright Commissions |publisher=U.S. Department of State |url=http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |access-date=2013-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101172159/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |archive-date=2013-11-01 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In a country active in the program without a Fulbright commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy administers the Fulbright Program, including recruiting and nominating candidates for grants to the U.S., overseeing U.S. Fulbrighters on their grant in the country, and engaging alumni.
Established in 1919 in the aftermath of World War I, the [[Institute of International Education]] was created to catalyze educational exchange. In 1946, the U.S. Department of State invited IIE to administer the graduate student component and CIES to administer the faculty component of the Fulbright Program—IIE's largest program to date.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iie.org/en/Who-We-Are/History |title=History | Who We Are | Institute of International Education |publisher=Iie.org |access-date=2012-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616231800/http://www.iie.org/en/Who-We-Are/History |archive-date=2012-06-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The [[Council for International Exchange of Scholars]] is a division of IIE that administers the Fulbright Scholar Program.
[[AMIDEAST]] administers Fulbright Foreign Student grants for grantees from the Middle East and North Africa, excluding Israel.
LASPAU: Affiliated with Harvard University<ref name="LASPAU - Harvard">{{cite web|title=LASPAU|url=http://www.laspau.harvard.edu/|website=Harvard University|access-date=2018-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180425181708/http://www.laspau.harvard.edu/|archive-date=2018-04-25|url-status=live}}</ref> LASPAU brings together a valuable network of individuals, institutions, leaders and organizations devoted to building knowledge-based societies across the Americas. Among other functions, LASPAU administers the Junior Faculty Development Program, a part of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, for grantees from Central and South America and the Caribbean.
[[World Learning]] administers the Fulbright Specialist Program.<ref>fulbrightspecialist.worldlearning.org/
</ref>
American Councils for International Education (ACTR/ACCELS) administers the Junior Faculty Development Program (JFDP), a special academic exchange for grantees from the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Southeast Europe.
The [[AED (non-profit)|Academy for Educational Development]] administers the Fulbright Classroom Teacher Exchange Program and the Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program.
== Related organizations ==
The [[Fulbright Association]] is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. The Fulbright Association was established on Feb. 27, 1977, as a private nonprofit, membership organization with over 9,000 members. The late Arthur Power Dudden was its founding president. He wanted alumni to educate members of the U.S. Congress and the public about the benefits of advancing increased mutual understanding between the people of the United States and those of other countries. In addition to the Fulbright Association in the U.S., independent Fulbright Alumni associations exist in over 75 countries around the world.
The [[Fulbright Academy]] is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. A non-partisan, non-profit organization with members worldwide, the Fulbright Academy focuses on the professional advancement and collaboration needs among the 100,000+ Fulbright alumni in science, technology and related fields. The Fulbright Academy works with individual and institutional members, Fulbright alumni associations and other organizations interested in leveraging the unique knowledge and skills of Fulbright alumni.
== Bilateral commissions ==
The Fulbright Program has commissions in 49 of the over 160 countries with which it has bilateral partnerships. These foundations are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments. The role of the Fulbright Commissions is to plan and implement educational exchanges; recruit and nominate candidates, both domestic and foreign, for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; and support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters while engaging with alumni.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200112121837/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions |archive-date=2020-01-12 |url-status=live }}</ref> Below is a list of current commissions.
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="width:99%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:15%;"| Region
! scope="col" style="width:15%;"| Country
! scope="col" style="width:50%;"| Commission
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="9" | East Asia and the Pacific
| {{Country|Australia}}
| The Australian-American Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Indonesia}}
| American-Indonesian Exchange Foundation
|-
| {{Country|Japan}}
| Japan-United States Educational Commission
|-
| {{Country|Korea}}
| Korean-American Educational Commission
|-
| {{Country|Malaysia}}
| Malaysian-American Commission on Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|New Zealand}}
| New Zealand-United States Educational Foundation
|-
| {{Country|The Philippines}}
| Philippine-American Educational Foundation
|-
| {{Country|Taiwan}}
| Foundation for Scholarly Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Thailand}}
| Thailand-U.S. Educational Foundation
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="23" | Europe and Eurasia
| {{Country|Austria}}
| [[Fulbright Austria|Austrian-American Educational Commission]]
|-
| {{Country|Belgium}}
| [[Fulbright Commission Belgium|Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg]]
|-
| {{Country|Bulgaria}}
| Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Czech Republic}}
| J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Czech Republic
|-
| {{Country|Denmark}}
| Fulbright Denmark
|-
| {{Country|Finland}}
| Fulbright Finland Foundation
|-
| {{Country|France}}
| [[Franco-American Fulbright Commission|Franco-American Commission for Educational Exchange]]
|-
| {{Country|Germany}}
| German-American Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Greece}}
| U.S. Educational Foundation in Greece
|-
| {{Country|Hungary}}
| Hungarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Iceland}}
| [[Fulbright Commission Iceland|Iceland-United States Educational Commission]]
|-
| {{Country|Ireland}}
| The Ireland-United States Commission for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Italy}}
| [[U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission|The U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission]]
|-
| {{Country|Netherlands}}
| Fulbright Commission the Netherlands
|-
| {{Country|Norway}}
| U.S.-Norway Fulbright Foundation for Educational Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Poland}}
| Polish-U.S. Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Portugal}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Portugal
|-
| {{Country|Romania}}
| Romanian-U.S. Fulbright Commission
|-
| {{Country|Slovak Republic}}
| [[Slovak Fulbright Commission|J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Slovak Republic]]
|-
| {{Country|Spain}}
| Commission for Cultural, Educational and Scientific Exchange Between the United States of America and Spain
|-
| {{Country|Sweden}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Sweden
|-
| {{Country|Turkey}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Turkey
|-
| {{Country|United Kingdom}}
|[[UK Fulbright Commission|The United States-United Kingdom Fulbright Commission]]
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4" | Middle East and North Africa
| {{Country|Egypt}}
| The Binational Fulbright Commission in Egypt
|-
| {{Country|Israel}}
| U.S.-Israel Educational Foundation (USIEF)
|-
| {{Country|Jordan}}
| Jordanian-American Commission for Educational Exchange (JACEE)
|-
| {{Country|Morocco}}
| [[The Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange (MACECE)|Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange]]
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4" | South and Central Asia
| {{Country|India}}
| United States-India Educational Foundation
|-
| {{Country|Nepal}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Nepal (USEF/Nepal)
|-
| {{Country|Pakistan}}
| United States Educational Foundation in Pakistan
|-
| {{Country|Sri Lanka}}
| United States-Sri Lanka Fulbright Commission
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="9" | Western Hemisphere
| {{Country|Argentina}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and the Argentine Republic
|-
| {{Country|Brazil}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States of America and Brazil
|-
| {{Country|Canada}}
| Foundation for Educational Exchange Between Canada and the United States of America
|-
| {{Country|Chile}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Chile
|-
| {{Country|Colombia}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Colombia
|-
| {{Country|Ecuador}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Ecuador
|-
| {{Country|Mexico}}
| Mexico-United States Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange
|-
| {{Country|Peru}}
| Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and Peru
|-
| {{Country| Uruguay}}
| Fulbright Uruguay
|}
== J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding == <!-- This section is linked from [[Martti Ahtisaari]] -->
The '''J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding''' is awarded by the [[Fulbright Association]] to recognize individuals or organisations which have made extraordinary contributions toward bringing peoples, cultures, or nations to greater understanding of others. Established in 1993, the prize was first awarded to [[Nelson Mandela]].
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Person
!Year
!Country
|-
|[[Nelson Mandela]]
| 1993
|{{Country|South Africa|1928}}
|-
|[[Jimmy Carter]]
| 1994
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Franz Vranitzky]]
| 1995
|{{Country|Austria}}
|-
|[[Corazon Aquino]]
| 1996
|{{Country|Philippines}}
|-
|[[Václav Havel]]
| 1997
|{{Country|Czech Republic}}
|-
|[[Patricio Aylwin]]
| 1998
|{{Country|Chile}}
|-
|[[Mary Robinson]]
|1999
|{{Country|Ireland}}
|-
|[[Martti Ahtisaari]]
| 2000
|{{Country|Finland}}
|-
|[[Kofi Annan]]
| 2001
|{{Country|Ghana}}
|-
|[[Sadako Ogata]]
| 2002
|{{Country|Japan}}
|-
|[[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]]
| 2003
|{{Country|Brazil}}
|-
|[[Colin Powell]]
| 2004
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Bill Clinton]]
| 2006
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Desmond Tutu]]
| 2008
|{{Country|South Africa}}
|-
|[[Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation]]
| 2010
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Médecins Sans Frontières]]
| 2012
|{{Country|France}}
|-
|[[Hans Blix]]
|2014
|{{Country|Sweden}}
|-
|[[Richard Lugar]]
|2016
|{{Country|United States}}
|-
|[[Angela Merkel]]
|2018
|{{Country|Germany}}
|}
== Notable alumni ==
Fulbright alumni have occupied key roles in government, academia, and industry. Of the more than 325,000 alumni:
* 88 have received the [[Pulitzer Prize]]<ref name=notable/>
* 75 have been [[MacArthur Fellows]]<ref name=notable/>
* 60 have received a [[Nobel Prize]]<ref name=notable/>
* 38 have served as head of state or government<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment
| title = Heads of State/Government
| date = March 6, 2020
| website = www.State.Gov
| publisher = US State Department
| access-date = March 6, 2020
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190721184026/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment
| archive-date = July 21, 2019
| url-status = live
}}</ref><ref name=notable/>
* 10 have been elected to [[US Congress]]
* 1 has served as secretary general of the [[United Nations]]
* 1 has won [[RuPaul's Drag Race]]
The following list is a selected group of notable Fulbright grant recipients:
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
* [[William Drea Adams|William D. "Bro" Adams]], university administrator and [[National Endowment for the Humanities|NEH]] [[Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities|Chair]] (2014–2017)
* [[Edward Albee]], recipient (three times) of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Drama]]
* [[Karim Alrawi]], recipient of the [[Samuel Beckett Award]] for the Performing Arts, President of Egyptian [[International Pen|Pen]] (1993-1994)
* [[Francis Andersen]], Australian Hebrew and biblical studies scholar
* [[John Ashbery]], American poet<ref>{{cite web|last1=Piccinnini|first1=Douglas|title=Ashbery in Paris: Out of School|url=http://jacketmagazine.com/37/piccinnini-ashbery.shtml|website=Jacket 2|access-date=8 October 2015|date=2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083413/http://jacketmagazine.com/37/piccinnini-ashbery.shtml|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[George Benneh]], Ghanaian academic, university administrator and public servant
* [[Victor Bianchini]], U.S. federal judge, California State superior court judge, retired Colonel of U.S. Marine Corps; former law school dean
* [[Boutros Boutros-Ghali]], Egyptian politician and Secretary-General of the United Nations, 1992-1996
* [[Michael Broyde]] (born 1964), American law professor
* [[Fernando Henrique Cardoso]], President of Brazil from 1995 to 2002,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://members.fulbright.org/?prize_cardosa | title=Fernando Henrique Cardoso | publisher=Fulbright Association | access-date=November 11, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111055234/http://members.fulbright.org/?prize_cardosa | archive-date=November 11, 2014 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Kyle Carey]], Celtic American musician<ref>{{cite web | title=Featured Fulbrighter – Kyle Carey | url=http://www.fulbright.ca/featured-fulbrighters/ms-kyle-carey/364.html | work=Fulbright Canada | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143312/http://www.fulbright.ca/featured-fulbrighters/ms-kyle-carey/364.html | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Bob Carr]], Australian politician<ref>{{cite web | title=Announcing our Inaugural Conference Keynote - Professor the Hon Bob Carr | url=https://fulbrightalumni.org.au/news/5053477 | first=Vanessa | last=Adams | work=Fulbright Australia | date=August 29, 2017 | access-date=June 9, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141144/https://fulbrightalumni.org.au/news/5053477 | archive-date=June 12, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Ron Castan]], Australian Constitutional law barrister<ref>{{cite web | title=ADJOURNMENT | url=http://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;db=CHAMBER;id=chamber%2Fhansardr%2F1999-10-21%2F0097;query=Id%3A%22chamber%2Fhansardr%2F1999-10-21%2F0091%22}}</ref>
* [[Lenora Champagne]], playwright, performance artist and director<ref>{{cite web | title=Traps by Lenora Champagne | url=http://theoldstonehouse.org/event/traps-by-lenora-champagne/ | publisher=[[Old Stone House (Washington, D.C.)|Old Stone House]] | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142148/http://theoldstonehouse.org/event/traps-by-lenora-champagne/ | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Dante R. Chialvo]], scientist.<ref>{{cite web | title=CHIALVO NAMED FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY | url=https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2008/01/chialvo.html | publisher=[[Northwestern University]] | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162041/https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2008/01/chialvo.html | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Dale Chihuly]], glass sculptor and entrepreneur.<ref>{{cite news | title=GLASS THAT'LL BOWL YOU OVER | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/02/23/glass-thatll-bowl-you-over/9b32d960-8a19-4929-ba2a-2a947f59ad97/ | first=Jo Ann | last=Lewis | work=[[The Washington Post]] | date=February 23, 1996 | access-date=June 9, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143601/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/02/23/glass-thatll-bowl-you-over/9b32d960-8a19-4929-ba2a-2a947f59ad97/ | archive-date=June 12, 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref>
*[[George C. Clerk]], Ghanaian botanist and plant pathologist pioneer <ref name=":21">{{Cite web|url=https://natureecoevocommunity.nature.com/users/264613-daniel-p-clerk/posts/49989-in-memoriam-george-carver-clerk-87|title=In memoriam: George Carver Clerk, 87|date=2019-06-13|website=Nature Research Ecology & Evolution Community|language=en|access-date=2019-06-13}}</ref><ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|date=July 2019|title=Obituary of George Carver Clerk, 1931–2019|url=https://www.isppweb.org/newsletters/pdf/49_7.pdf|journal=ISPP Newsletter|publisher=International Society for Plant Pathology|volume=49|issue=7|pages=5|access-date=2019-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701171541/https://www.isppweb.org/newsletters/pdf/49_7.pdf|archive-date=2019-07-01|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Nathan Collett]], filmmaker<ref>{{cite web | title=2006 Fellowship Recipients | url=https://ahf.usc.edu/recipients/2006-2/ | publisher=[[University of Southern California]] | access-date=2018-06-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612175515/https://ahf.usc.edu/recipients/2006-2/ | archive-date=2018-06-12 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Aaron Copland]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Music]]
* [[Leah Curtis (composer)|Leah Curtis]], Australian composer<ref>{{cite web|title='New' alumnus wins prestigious Fulbright postgraduate award|url=http://www.newcollege.unsw.edu.au/news/award/new-alumnus-wins-prestigious-fulbright-postgraduate-award|work=New College, University of New South Wales|publisher=New College, University of New South Wales|access-date=28 October 2012}}</ref>
* [[Myanna Dellinger]], Danish-American law professor
* [[Arthur Deshaies]], artist, printmaker, professor and head of the graphic workshop, Florida State University <ref name="Spartanburg Herald-Journal Aug 2011">{{cite news |title=Arthur Emillien Deshaies |work=Spartanburg Herald-Journal |location=Spartanburg, South Carolina |date=2011-08-03 |page=4 }}</ref>
* [[Rita Dove]], U.S. Poet Laureate and recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]]
* [[Eugenia Del Pino]], developmental biologist, Ecuadorian
* [[Eric Foner]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for History]]
* [[John Hope Franklin]], historian and [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] recipient
* [[Maryellen Fullerton]], lawyer and law professor and interim dean at [[Brooklyn Law School]]
* [[Radhika Gajjala]], a communications and a cultural studies professor,
* [[Ashraf Ghani]], the President of Afghanistan,<ref>{{cite news |date= December 30, 2019 |title= Ashraf Ghani Fast Facts |url= https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html |work= CNN |access-date= February 25, 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200226190009/https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html |archive-date= February 26, 2020 |url-status= live }}</ref>
* [[Gabrielle Giffords]], [[United States Representative]] for [[Arizona's 8th congressional district]]
* [[Robert A. Gorman]] (born 1937), law professor at the [[University of Pennsylvania Law School]]
* [[Wendy Greengross]] (1925–2012), general practitioner and broadcaster<ref name="ONDB">{{cite web|last1=Bayfield |first1=Tony |title=Greengross [married name Katz, later Kates], Wendy Elsa (1925–2012) |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/106704 |website=ONDB |publisher=OUP |access-date=26 November 2017}}</ref>
* [[Nigel Healey]], Vice Chancellor, [[Fiji National University]]
*[[Robert Hess (college president)|Robert Hess]] (1938-1994), President of [[Brooklyn College]]
*[[John Honnold]] (1915-2011), American law professor at the [[University of Pennsylvania Law School]]
* [[Rahul M. Jindal]], Indian-American transplant surgeon at [[Uniformed Services University]].
*[[Roberta Karmel]] (born 1937), Centennial Professor of Law at [[Brooklyn Law School]], and first female [[Securities and Exchange Commission appointees|Commissioner]] of the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]].
*[[Charles Kennedy]], British politician.
* [[Suzanne Klotz]], painter and sculptor<ref>{{cite web|last1=Klotz|first1=Suzanne|title=Fulbright Scholar|url=http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars?field_scholar_type_tid%5B%5D=1&field_first_name_value=Suzanne&field_last_name_value=Klotz&field_field_of_study_term_tid=All&title=&field_project_title_value=&title_1=&field_grant_dates_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_grant_dates_value2%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=|website=Fulbright Scholar Program|access-date=18 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006104550/http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars?field_scholar_type_tid%5B%5D=1&field_first_name_value=Suzanne&field_last_name_value=Klotz&field_field_of_study_term_tid=All&title=&field_project_title_value=&title_1=&field_grant_dates_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_grant_dates_value2%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=|archive-date=6 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
{{col-2}}
* [[Karen LaMonte]], sculptor<ref>{{cite web |last1=Oldknow |first1=Tina |title=Meet the Artist: Karen LaMonte |url=https://www.cmog.org/transcript/meet-artist-karen-lamonte |website=Corning Museum of Glass |access-date=February 28, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008072826/http://www.cmog.org/transcript/meet-artist-karen-lamonte |archive-date=October 8, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[John Lithgow]], actor
* [[Dolph Lundgren]], actor
* [[Jamil Mahuad]], President of Ecuador from 1998 to 2000
* [[John Atta Mills]], legal scholar and President of Ghana (2009-12)
*[[Baidyanath Misra]], former Vice-Chancellor of the [[Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology]]
* [[Robert Nozick]],<ref>Juntin Wintle, [https://books.google.com/books?id=991tT3wSot0C&lpg=PP1&ots=kMv9_Isgh9&dq=Makers%20of%20modern%20culture%20By%20Justin%20Wintle&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false Makers of modern culture], Routledge 2002.</ref> American political philosopher
* [[Joan Oates]], archaeologist
* [[Mikael Owunna]], photographer
* [[Linus Pauling]], awarded the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] and the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]
* [[Sylvia Plath]], poet, recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]] in 1982
* [[Ian Rankin]], author
* [[Theodore Roethke]], poet, recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Poetry]] in 1954 and the [[National Book Award for Poetry]] in 1959 and 1965
* [[Juan Manuel Santos]], the former President of Colombia from 2010 and 2018,<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Laurels|magazine=[[Tufts Magazine]]|year=2010|url=http://www.tufts.edu/alumni/magazine/fall2010/planet-tufts/laurels.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219213507/http://www.tufts.edu/alumni/magazine/fall2010/planet-tufts/laurels.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 December 2010|access-date=5 July 2013|location=Medford, MA|issn=1535-5063|oclc=45710313}}</ref>
* [[Philip Schultz]] poet<ref name=winners>{{cite web | title=Fulbrighters & Pulitzer Prize Winners | url=http://fulbright.state.gov/notable-alumni/pulitzer-prize-winners | publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]] | access-date=2012-10-28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616232321/http://fulbright.state.gov/notable-alumni/pulitzer-prize-winners | archive-date=2012-06-16 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Heather J. Sharkey]], historian of the Middle East and Africa at the [[University of Pennsylvania]]
* [[Wallace Shawn]], actor and playwright
* [[Jane Smiley]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]]
* [[Joseph Stiglitz]], recipient of the [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize in Economics]]
* [[Herbert Storing]], Robert Kent Gooch Professor of Government and Foreign Affairs at the [[University of Virginia]]
* [[Robert S. Summers]], law professor at [[Cornell Law School]]
* [[Rishi Sunak]], [[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]
* [[Sergio Troncoso]], author of ''[[From This Wicked Patch of Dust]]'', ''[[Crossing Borders: Personal Essays]]'', and ''[[The Nature of Truth]]''
* [[Sasha Velour]], drag queen, artist, and winner of [[RuPaul's Drag Race (season 9)|season nine of RuPaul's Drag Race]]
* [[Eudora Welty]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]]
* [[C. Vann Woodward]], recipient of the [[Pulitzer Prize for History]]
* [[Charles Wright (poet)|Charles Wright]], American poet<ref name=winners/>
* [[James Wright (poet)|James Wright]], American poet<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gray|first1=Jeffrey|title=Mastery's End: Travel and Postwar American Poetry|date=2005|publisher=UGA Press|location=Athens, GA|page=145|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3KsP32CLGtcC&q=adrienne%20rich%20fulbright&pg=PP1|access-date=12 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610172032/https://books.google.com/books?id=3KsP32CLGtcC&lpg=PA145&ots=YAEtqNYfFA&dq=adrienne%20rich%20fulbright&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false|archive-date=10 June 2016|url-status=live|isbn=9780820326634}}</ref>
* [[Muhammad Yunus]], awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]]
{{col-end}}
== See also ==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Academic mobility]]
* [[Belgian American Educational Foundation]] (BAEF)
* [[Chevening Scholarship]]
* [[Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation]]
* [[EducationUSA]]
* [[Erasmus Programme]]
* [[German Academic Exchange Service]] ([[Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst]])
* [[Goodwill Scholarships]]
* [[Harkness Fellowship]]
* [[ITT International Fellowship Program]]
* [[Jürgen Mulert]]
* [[Marshall Scholarship]]
* [[Gates Cambridge Scholarship]]
* [[Monbukagakusho Scholarship]]
* [[Rhodes Scholarship]]
* [[Yenching Scholarship]]
* [[Jardine Scholarship]]
{{div col end}}
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
== External links ==
* [http://eca.state.gov/fulbright U.S. Department of State Fulbright Website], the program's sponsor
* [http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html Fulbright–Hays information], U.S. Department of Education
* [http://www.fulbrightonline.org/ Fulbright Student Program Homepage]
* [http://www.cies.org/ Fulbright Scholar Program], grants for university and college faculty, administrators and professionals
* [http://www.fulbrightteacherexchange.org/ Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs], K–12 Teacher Exchange
* [http://www.fulbrightteacherexchange.org/ Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs], K–12 Teacher Exchange
;Directories of past grantees
* [https://alumni.state.gov US Bureau of Educational & Cultural Affairs: International Exchange Alumni]
* [http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars Fulbright Scholar Directory]
* [http://us.fulbrightonline.org/component/filter/?view=filter US Student Program]
{{Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation}}
[[Category:Fulbright Scholars]]
[[Category:Fulbright Distinguished Chairs]]
[[Category:Academic transfer]]
[[Category:Student exchange]]
[[Category:Scholarships in the United States]]
[[Category:1946 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:American education awards]]
[[Category:Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs]]
[[Category:United States Department of State]]
[[Category:Government scholarships]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -414,4 +414,5 @@
* 10 have been elected to [[US Congress]]
* 1 has served as secretary general of the [[United Nations]]
+* 1 has won [[RuPaul's Drag Race]]
The following list is a selected group of notable Fulbright grant recipients:
' |
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0 => '* 1 has won [[RuPaul's Drag Race]]'
] |
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All external links added in the edit (added_links) | [] |
All external links removed in the edit (removed_links) | [] |
All external links in the new text (all_links) | [
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9 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20170520080751/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters',
10 => 'https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/that-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup/2017/06/08/06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html',
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14 => 'http://news.wenweipo.com/2020/04/16/IN2004160005.htm',
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22 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20191013100530/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country',
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25 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180609035428/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright',
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27 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20131022001035/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs',
28 => 'https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/',
29 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20200219051618/https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/',
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31 => 'https://topproducing.fulbrightonline.org/',
32 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20121120035802/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs',
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68 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141144/https://fulbrightalumni.org.au/news/5053477',
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80 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20200219051618/https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/',
81 => 'https://web.archive.org/web/20200226190009/https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html',
82 => 'https://www.cmog.org/transcript/meet-artist-karen-lamonte',
83 => 'https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html',
84 => 'https://www.counterpunch.org/2019/02/15/using-students-teachers-journalists-and-other-professionals-as-spies-puts-everyone-in-jeopardy/',
85 => 'https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/07/16/trump-targets-fulbright-china-hong-kong',
86 => 'https://www.isppweb.org/newsletters/pdf/49_7.pdf',
87 => 'https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2008/01/chialvo.html',
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Merit-based grants</div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Fulbright" and "Fullbright" redirect here. For the senator, see <a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">J. William Fulbright</a>. For the indie video game developer, see <a href="/wiki/Fullbright_(company)" title="Fullbright (company)">Fullbright (company)</a>.</div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Fulbright_Program.svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Fulbright_Program.svg/220px-Fulbright_Program.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="41" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Fulbright_Program.svg/330px-Fulbright_Program.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Fulbright_Program.svg/440px-Fulbright_Program.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="886" data-file-height="167" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Fulbright_Program.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Official Fulbright Program logo used since May 2019</div></div></div>
<p>The <b>Fulbright Program</b>, including the <b>Fulbright–Hays Program</b>, is one of several <a href="/wiki/United_States_Cultural_Exchange_Programs" title="United States Cultural Exchange Programs">United States Cultural Exchange Programs</a> with the goal to improve <a href="/wiki/Intercultural_relations" title="Intercultural relations">intercultural relations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cultural_diplomacy" title="Cultural diplomacy">cultural diplomacy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Intercultural_competence" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercultural competence">intercultural competence</a> between the people of the United States and other countries through the exchange of persons, knowledge, and skills. Via the program, competitively-selected <a href="/wiki/American_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="American citizen">American citizens</a> including students, scholars, teachers, professionals, scientists and artists may receive scholarships or <a href="/wiki/Grant_(money)" title="Grant (money)">grants</a> to study, conduct research, teach, or exercise their talents abroad; and citizens of other countries may qualify to do the same in the United States. The program was founded by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senator">United States Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">J. William Fulbright</a> in 1946 and is considered to be one of the most widely recognized and prestigious scholarships in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> The program provides approximately 8,000 grants annually – roughly 1,600 to U.S. students, 1,200 to U.S. scholars, 4,000 to foreign students, 900 to foreign visiting scholars, and several hundred to teachers and professionals.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>The Fulbright Program is administered by cooperating organizations such as the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_International_Education" title="Institute of International Education">Institute of International Education</a> and operates in over 160 countries around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Educational_and_Cultural_Affairs" title="Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs">Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of State">U.S. Department of State</a> sponsors the Fulbright Program and receives funding from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> via annual <a href="/wiki/Appropriation_bill" title="Appropriation bill">appropriation bills</a>. Additional direct and in-kind support comes from partner governments, foundations, corporations, and host institutions both in and outside the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet-4">[4]</a></sup> In 49 countries, a bi-national Fulbright Commission administers and oversees the Fulbright Program. In countries that have an active program but no Fulbright Commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy oversees the Fulbright Program. More than 370,000 people have participated in the program since it began; 60 Fulbright alumni have won <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prizes" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prizes">Nobel Prizes</a>; 86 have won <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prizes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-notable_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notable-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>The Fulbright Program has seen occasional controversy related to recipients being asked or expected to <a href="/wiki/Spying" class="mw-redirect" title="Spying">spy</a> for the United States government.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Program"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Program</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Student_grants"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Student grants</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Scholar_grants"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Scholar grants</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Teacher_grants"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Teacher grants</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Grants_for_professionals"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Grants for professionals</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Fulbright–Hays_Program"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Fulbright–Hays Program</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Administration"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Administration</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Related_organizations"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Related organizations</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Bilateral_commissions"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Bilateral commissions</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#J._William_Fulbright_Prize_for_International_Understanding"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Notable_alumni"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Notable alumni</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:157px;"><a href="/wiki/File:JWFulbright.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/JWFulbright.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="216" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="216" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:JWFulbright.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">J. William Fulbright</a></div></div></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996844942">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Fulbright Program's mission is to bring a little more knowledge, a little more reason, and a little more compassion into world affairs and thereby increase the chance that nations will learn at last to live in peace and friendship.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Senator <a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">J. William Fulbright</a></cite></div></blockquote>
<p>In 1945, Senator J. William Fulbright proposed a bill to use the proceeds from selling surplus U.S. government war property to fund international exchange between the U.S. and other countries. With the crucial timing of the aftermath of the Second World War and with the pressing establishment of the United Nations, the Fulbright Program was an attempt to promote peace and understanding through educational exchange. The bill devised a plan to forgo the debts foreign countries amassed during the war and in return for funding an international educational program. It was through the belief that this program would be an essential vehicle to promote peace and mutual understanding between individuals, institutions and future leaders wherever they may be.<sup id="cite_ref-Fulbright:_The_Early_Years_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fulbright:_The_Early_Years-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p><p>On August 1, 1946, President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> signed the bill into law, and Congress created the Fulbright Program in what became the largest education exchange program in history.
</p><p>Since it began, the program has operated on a bi-national basis; each country active in the Fulbright Program has entered into an agreement with the U.S. government. The first countries to sign agreements were China in 1947 and Burma, the Philippines, and Greece in 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-Fulbright:_The_Early_Years_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fulbright:_The_Early_Years-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Program">Program</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Program">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:602px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs,_Mar_2020.svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs%2C_Mar_2020.svg/600px-Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs%2C_Mar_2020.svg.png" decoding="async" width="600" height="305" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs%2C_Mar_2020.svg/900px-Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs%2C_Mar_2020.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs%2C_Mar_2020.svg/1200px-Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs%2C_Mar_2020.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Countries_with_operating_Fulbright_programs,_Mar_2020.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Countries with active bilateral Fulbright Student and Fulbright Scholar programs with the US (as of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>). Light shading indicates countries with just Fulbright Scholar programs.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> (Mainland China and Hong Kong Fulbright programs were terminated by means of presidential executive order on July 13, 2020)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="border: 1px #555 solid; background-color:#e41a1c; color:white;"> </span> East Asia and the Pacific</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="border: 1px #555 solid; background-color:#2171b5; color:white;"> </span> Europe and Eurasia</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="border: 1px #555 solid; background-color:#E5A400; color:black;"> </span> Middle East and North Africa</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="border: 1px #555 solid; background-color:#F18805; color:black;"> </span> South and Central Asia</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="border: 1px #555 solid; background-color:#984ea3; color:white;"> </span> Sub-Saharan Africa</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"/><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color" style="border: 1px #555 solid; background-color:#4daf4a; color:black;"> </span> Western Hemisphere</div></div></div></div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996844942"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Educational exchange can turn nations into people, contributing as no other form of communication can to the humanizing of international relations.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Senator <a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">J. William Fulbright</a></cite></div></blockquote>
<p>The Fulbright Program exchanges scholars and students with numerous countries in bilateral partnerships managed by commissions for each country. It provides funding for U.S. persons to visit other countries in the U.S. Student Program, U.S. Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program, and others, and enables foreign nationals to visit the United States in programs such as the Foreign Student Program, Visiting Scholar Program, Teacher Exchange Program.
</p><p>Candidates recommended for Fulbright grants have high academic achievement, a compelling project proposal or statement of purpose, demonstrated leadership potential, and flexibility and adaptability to interact successfully with the host community.
</p><p>Fulbright grants are awarded in almost all academic disciplines, except clinical medical research involving patient contact. Fulbright grantees' fields of study span the fine arts, humanities, social sciences, mathematics, natural and physical sciences, and professional and applied sciences.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Student_grants">Student grants</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Student grants">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li>The Fulbright Degree Program funds graduate education for international students wanting to study in the USA. Students apply for the scholarship in their home country and after a long process, they can pursue a Masters or Ph.D. program in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup></li>
<li>The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating college seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to research, study, or teach English abroad for one academic year. The program facilitates cultural exchange through direct interaction on an individual basis in the classroom, field, home, and in routine tasks, allowing the grantee to gain an appreciation of others’ viewpoints and beliefs, the way they do things, and the way they think. The 2021-2022 application for the U.S. Student Program is closed; the 2022-2023 application will open in the spring of 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> Since the inaugural class in 1949, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">Berkeley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_in_the_City_of_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia University in the City of New York">Columbia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">Michigan</a> have been the top producers of U.S. Student Program scholars. Michigan has been the leading producer since 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup></li></ul>
<table class="wikitable sortable">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Top 10 Producers
</th>
<th data-sort-type="number">Scholars(All-time)</th>
<th>Scholars(Since 2005)
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>
</td>
<td align="center">1,437
</td>
<td align="center">410
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>
</td>
<td align="center">1,199
</td>
<td align="center">372
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>
</td>
<td align="center">996
</td>
<td align="center">306
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>
</td>
<td align="center">986
</td>
<td align="center">327
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan-Ann_Arbor" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Michigan-Ann Arbor">University of Michigan-Ann Arbor</a>
</td>
<td align="center">931
</td>
<td align="center">450
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>
</td>
<td align="center">882
</td>
<td align="center">299
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin-Madison">University of Wisconsin-Madison</a>
</td>
<td align="center">802
</td>
<td align="center">225
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>
</td>
<td align="center">799
</td>
<td align="center">289
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a>
</td>
<td align="center">758
</td>
<td align="center">354
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a>
</td>
<td align="center">708
</td>
<td align="center">391
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
</div>
<ul><li>The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.</li>
<li>The Fulbright Foreign Language Teaching Assistant Program provides opportunities for young English teachers from overseas to refine their teaching skills and broaden their knowledge of American culture and society while strengthening the instruction of foreign languages at colleges and universities in the United States.</li>
<li>The International Fulbright Science and Technology Award, a component of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, supports doctoral study at leading U.S. institutions in science, technology, engineering or related fields for outstanding foreign students. This program is currently on hiatus.</li>
<li>The Fulbright-mtvU Fellowships award up to four U.S. students the opportunity to study the power of music as a cultural force abroad. Fellows conduct research for one academic year on projects of their own design about a chosen musical aspect. They share their experiences during their Fulbright year via video reports, blogs and podcasts.</li>
<li>The Fulbright-Clinton Fellowship provides the opportunity for U.S. students to serve in professional placements in foreign government ministries or institutions to gain hands-on public sector experience in participating foreign countries.<sup id="cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?-20">[20]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Scholar_grants">Scholar grants</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Scholar grants">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li>The Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards comprise approximately forty distinguished lecturing, distinguished research and distinguished lecturing/research awards ranging from three to 12 months. Fulbright Distinguished Chair Awards are viewed as among the most prestigious appointments in the U.S. Fulbright Scholar Program. Candidates should be eminent scholars and have a significant publication and teaching record.</li>
<li>The Fulbright Bicentennial Chair in American Studies at the University of Helsinki brings scholars of various disciplines to Finland. The Bicentennial Chair is open to senior faculty with outstanding publication and teaching credentials and is also considered to be among the most prestigious Fulbright appointments.</li>
<li>The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American faculty members, scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.</li>
<li>The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. academics and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas institutions for a period of two to six weeks.</li>
<li>The Fulbright Visiting Scholar Program and Fulbright Scholar-in-Residence Program bring foreign scholars to lecture or conduct post-doctoral research for up to a year at U.S. colleges and universities.<sup id="cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?-20">[20]</a></sup></li>
<li>The Fulbright Regional Network for Applied Research (NEXUS) Program is a network of junior scholars, professionals and mid-career applied researchers from the United States, Brazil, Canada, and other Western Hemisphere nations in a year-long program that includes multi-disciplinary, team-based research, a series of three seminar meetings, and a Fulbright exchange experience.</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Teacher_grants">Teacher grants</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Teacher grants">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li>The Fulbright Teacher Exchange Program supports one-to-one exchanges of teachers from K–12 schools and a small number of post-secondary institutions.</li>
<li>The Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program sends teachers abroad for a semester to pursue individual projects, conduct research, and lead master classes or seminars.<sup id="cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?-20">[20]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Grants_for_professionals">Grants for professionals</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Grants for professionals">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li>The Hubert H. Humphrey Program brings outstanding mid-career professionals from the developing world and societies in transition to the United States for one year. Fellows participate in a non-degree program of academic study and gain professional experience.</li>
<li>The Fulbright U.S. Scholar Program sends American scholars and professionals abroad to lecture or conduct research for up to a year.</li>
<li>The Fulbright Specialist Program sends U.S. faculty and professionals to serve as expert consultants on curriculum, faculty development, institutional planning, and related subjects at overseas academic institutions for a period of two to six weeks.</li>
<li>The Fulbright U.S. Student Program offers fellowships for U.S. graduating seniors, graduate students, young professionals and artists to study abroad for one academic year. The Program also includes an English Teaching Assistant component.</li>
<li>The Fulbright Foreign Student Program enables graduate students, young professionals and artists from abroad to conduct research and study in the United States. Some scholarships are renewed after the initial year of study.<sup id="cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?-20">[20]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h3><span id="Fulbright.E2.80.93Hays_Program"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Fulbright–Hays_Program">Fulbright–Hays Program</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Fulbright–Hays Program">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<ul><li>A portion of the Fulbright Program is a Congressional appropriation to the United States Department of Education for the Fulbright–Hays Program.</li>
<li>These grants are awarded to individual U.S. K through 14 pre-teachers, teachers and administrators, pre-doctoral students and post-doctoral faculty, as well as to U.S. institutions and organizations. Funding supports research and training efforts overseas, which focus on non-western foreign languages and area studies.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Administration">Administration</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Administration">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The program is coordinated by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (ECA) of the U.S. Department of State under policy guidelines established by the Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board (FSB), with the help of 50 bi-national Fulbright commissions, U.S. embassies, and cooperating organizations in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> is responsible for managing, coordinating and overseeing the Fulbright program. <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Educational_and_Cultural_Affairs" title="Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs">Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs</a> is the bureau in the Department of State that has primary responsibility for the administration of the program.
</p><p>The Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board is a twelve-member board of educational and public leaders appointed by the President of the United States that determines general policy and direction for the Fulbright Program and approves all candidates nominated for Fulbright Scholarships.
</p><p>Bi-national Fulbright commissions and foundations, most of which are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments, develop priorities for the program, including the numbers and categories of grants. More specifically, they plan and implement educational exchanges, recruit and nominate candidates for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; fundraise; engage alumni; support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters; and, in many countries, operate an information service for the public on educational opportunities in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup>
</p><p>In a country active in the program without a Fulbright commission, the Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy administers the Fulbright Program, including recruiting and nominating candidates for grants to the U.S., overseeing U.S. Fulbrighters on their grant in the country, and engaging alumni.
</p><p>Established in 1919 in the aftermath of World War I, the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_International_Education" title="Institute of International Education">Institute of International Education</a> was created to catalyze educational exchange. In 1946, the U.S. Department of State invited IIE to administer the graduate student component and CIES to administer the faculty component of the Fulbright Program—IIE's largest program to date.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Council_for_International_Exchange_of_Scholars" title="Council for International Exchange of Scholars">Council for International Exchange of Scholars</a> is a division of IIE that administers the Fulbright Scholar Program.
</p><p><a href="/wiki/AMIDEAST" class="mw-redirect" title="AMIDEAST">AMIDEAST</a> administers Fulbright Foreign Student grants for grantees from the Middle East and North Africa, excluding Israel.
</p><p>LASPAU: Affiliated with Harvard University<sup id="cite_ref-LASPAU_-_Harvard_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LASPAU_-_Harvard-24">[24]</a></sup> LASPAU brings together a valuable network of individuals, institutions, leaders and organizations devoted to building knowledge-based societies across the Americas. Among other functions, LASPAU administers the Junior Faculty Development Program, a part of the Fulbright Foreign Student Program, for grantees from Central and South America and the Caribbean.
</p><p><a href="/wiki/World_Learning" title="World Learning">World Learning</a> administers the Fulbright Specialist Program.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup>
</p><p>American Councils for International Education (ACTR/ACCELS) administers the Junior Faculty Development Program (JFDP), a special academic exchange for grantees from the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Southeast Europe.
</p><p>The <a href="/wiki/AED_(non-profit)" title="AED (non-profit)">Academy for Educational Development</a> administers the Fulbright Classroom Teacher Exchange Program and the Distinguished Fulbright Awards in Teaching Program.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Related_organizations">Related organizations</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Related organizations">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Association" title="Fulbright Association">Fulbright Association</a> is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. The Fulbright Association was established on Feb. 27, 1977, as a private nonprofit, membership organization with over 9,000 members. The late Arthur Power Dudden was its founding president. He wanted alumni to educate members of the U.S. Congress and the public about the benefits of advancing increased mutual understanding between the people of the United States and those of other countries. In addition to the Fulbright Association in the U.S., independent Fulbright Alumni associations exist in over 75 countries around the world.
</p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Academy" title="Fulbright Academy">Fulbright Academy</a> is an organization independent of the Fulbright Program and not associated with the U.S. Department of State. A non-partisan, non-profit organization with members worldwide, the Fulbright Academy focuses on the professional advancement and collaboration needs among the 100,000+ Fulbright alumni in science, technology and related fields. The Fulbright Academy works with individual and institutional members, Fulbright alumni associations and other organizations interested in leveraging the unique knowledge and skills of Fulbright alumni.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Bilateral_commissions">Bilateral commissions</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bilateral commissions">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The Fulbright Program has commissions in 49 of the over 160 countries with which it has bilateral partnerships. These foundations are funded jointly by the U.S. and partner governments. The role of the Fulbright Commissions is to plan and implement educational exchanges; recruit and nominate candidates, both domestic and foreign, for fellowships; designate qualified local educational institutions to host Fulbrighters; and support incoming U.S. Fulbrighters while engaging with alumni.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup> Below is a list of current commissions.
</p>
<table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="width:99%;">
<tbody><tr>
<th scope="col" style="width:15%;">Region
</th>
<th scope="col" style="width:15%;">Country
</th>
<th scope="col" style="width:50%;">Commission
</th></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="9">East Asia and the Pacific
</th>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>
</td>
<td>The Australian-American Fulbright Commission
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>
</td>
<td>American-Indonesian Exchange Foundation
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>
</td>
<td>Japan-United States Educational Commission
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="567" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a>
</td>
<td>Korean-American Educational Commission
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>
</td>
<td>Malaysian-American Commission on Educational Exchange
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>
</td>
<td>New Zealand-United States Educational Foundation
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">The Philippines</a>
</td>
<td>Philippine-American Educational Foundation
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>
</td>
<td>Foundation for Scholarly Exchange
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>
</td>
<td>Thailand-U.S. Educational Foundation
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="23">Europe and Eurasia
</th>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Austria" title="Fulbright Austria">Austrian-American Educational Commission</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Commission_Belgium" title="Fulbright Commission Belgium">Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States, Belgium and Luxembourg</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>
</td>
<td>Bulgarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>
</td>
<td>J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Czech Republic
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>
</td>
<td>Fulbright Denmark
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>
</td>
<td>Fulbright Finland Foundation
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Franco-American_Fulbright_Commission" title="Franco-American Fulbright Commission">Franco-American Commission for Educational Exchange</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>
</td>
<td>German-American Fulbright Commission
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>
</td>
<td>U.S. Educational Foundation in Greece
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>
</td>
<td>Hungarian-American Commission for Educational Exchange
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/21px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/42px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Commission_Iceland" title="Fulbright Commission Iceland">Iceland-United States Educational Commission</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>
</td>
<td>The Ireland-United States Commission for Educational Exchange
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/U.S.-Italy_Fulbright_Commission" title="U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission">The U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>
</td>
<td>Fulbright Commission the Netherlands
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>
</td>
<td>U.S.-Norway Fulbright Foundation for Educational Exchange
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>
</td>
<td>Polish-U.S. Fulbright Commission
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Portugal
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>
</td>
<td>Romanian-U.S. Fulbright Commission
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovak Republic</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Fulbright_Commission" title="Slovak Fulbright Commission">J. William Fulbright Commission for Educational Exchange in the Slovak Republic</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Cultural, Educational and Scientific Exchange Between the United States of America and Spain
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Sweden
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Turkey
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/UK_Fulbright_Commission" title="UK Fulbright Commission">The United States-United Kingdom Fulbright Commission</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="4">Middle East and North Africa
</th>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>
</td>
<td>The Binational Fulbright Commission in Egypt
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>
</td>
<td>U.S.-Israel Educational Foundation (USIEF)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>
</td>
<td>Jordanian-American Commission for Educational Exchange (JACEE)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>
</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/The_Moroccan-American_Commission_for_Educational_and_Cultural_Exchange_(MACECE)" title="The Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange (MACECE)">Moroccan-American Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="4">South and Central Asia
</th>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>
</td>
<td>United States-India Educational Foundation
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="20" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" />   </span><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States and Nepal (USEF/Nepal)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>
</td>
<td>United States Educational Foundation in Pakistan
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>
</td>
<td>United States-Sri Lanka Fulbright Commission
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th scope="row" rowspan="9">Western Hemisphere
</th>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and the Argentine Republic
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="504" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange between the United States of America and Brazil
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>
</td>
<td>Foundation for Educational Exchange Between Canada and the United States of America
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Chile
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Colombia
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States of America and Ecuador
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>
</td>
<td>Mexico-United States Commission for Educational and Cultural Exchange
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>
</td>
<td>Commission for Educational Exchange Between the United States and Peru
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="630" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>
</td>
<td>Fulbright Uruguay
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="J._William_Fulbright_Prize_for_International_Understanding">J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The <b>J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding</b> is awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Association" title="Fulbright Association">Fulbright Association</a> to recognize individuals or organisations which have made extraordinary contributions toward bringing peoples, cultures, or nations to greater understanding of others. Established in 1993, the prize was first awarded to <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>.
</p>
<table class="wikitable sortable">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Person
</th>
<th>Year
</th>
<th>Country
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a>
</td>
<td>1993
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928%E2%80%931994%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>
</td>
<td>1994
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Franz_Vranitzky" title="Franz Vranitzky">Franz Vranitzky</a>
</td>
<td>1995
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a>
</td>
<td>1996
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a>
</td>
<td>1997
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Patricio_Aylwin" title="Patricio Aylwin">Patricio Aylwin</a>
</td>
<td>1998
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson" title="Mary Robinson">Mary Robinson</a>
</td>
<td>1999
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Martti_Ahtisaari" title="Martti Ahtisaari">Martti Ahtisaari</a>
</td>
<td>2000
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a>
</td>
<td>2001
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Sadako_Ogata" title="Sadako Ogata">Sadako Ogata</a>
</td>
<td>2002
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Henrique_Cardoso" title="Fernando Henrique Cardoso">Fernando Henrique Cardoso</a>
</td>
<td>2003
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="504" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a>
</td>
<td>2004
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>
</td>
<td>2006
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Tutu" title="Desmond Tutu">Desmond Tutu</a>
</td>
<td>2008
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Bill_and_Melinda_Gates_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation">Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation</a>
</td>
<td>2010
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a>
</td>
<td>2012
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Hans_Blix" title="Hans Blix">Hans Blix</a>
</td>
<td>2014
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar">Richard Lugar</a>
</td>
<td>2016
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>
</td>
<td>2018
</td>
<td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notable alumni">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Fulbright alumni have occupied key roles in government, academia, and industry. Of the more than 325,000 alumni:
</p>
<ul><li>88 have received the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a><sup id="cite_ref-notable_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notable-5">[5]</a></sup></li>
<li>75 have been <a href="/wiki/MacArthur_Fellows" class="mw-redirect" title="MacArthur Fellows">MacArthur Fellows</a><sup id="cite_ref-notable_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notable-5">[5]</a></sup></li>
<li>60 have received a <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a><sup id="cite_ref-notable_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notable-5">[5]</a></sup></li>
<li>38 have served as head of state or government<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-notable_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-notable-5">[5]</a></sup></li>
<li>10 have been elected to <a href="/wiki/US_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="US Congress">US Congress</a></li>
<li>1 has served as secretary general of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li>
<li>1 has won <a href="/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race" title="RuPaul's Drag Race">RuPaul's Drag Race</a></li></ul>
<p>The following list is a selected group of notable Fulbright grant recipients:
</p>
<div>
 
<table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;"><tbody><tr>
<td style="width: 50%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Drea_Adams" title="William Drea Adams">William D. "Bro" Adams</a>, university administrator and <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities">NEH</a> <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="Chair of the National Endowment for the Humanities">Chair</a> (2014–2017)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Albee" title="Edward Albee">Edward Albee</a>, recipient (three times) of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Drama" title="Pulitzer Prize for Drama">Pulitzer Prize for Drama</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Karim_Alrawi" title="Karim Alrawi">Karim Alrawi</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett_Award" title="Samuel Beckett Award">Samuel Beckett Award</a> for the Performing Arts, President of Egyptian <a href="/wiki/International_Pen" class="mw-redirect" title="International Pen">Pen</a> (1993-1994)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Andersen" title="Francis Andersen">Francis Andersen</a>, Australian Hebrew and biblical studies scholar</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashbery" title="John Ashbery">John Ashbery</a>, American poet<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/George_Benneh" title="George Benneh">George Benneh</a>, Ghanaian academic, university administrator and public servant</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Bianchini" title="Victor Bianchini">Victor Bianchini</a>, U.S. federal judge, California State superior court judge, retired Colonel of U.S. Marine Corps; former law school dean</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Boutros_Boutros-Ghali" title="Boutros Boutros-Ghali">Boutros Boutros-Ghali</a>, Egyptian politician and Secretary-General of the United Nations, 1992-1996</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Broyde" title="Michael Broyde">Michael Broyde</a> (born 1964), American law professor</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Henrique_Cardoso" title="Fernando Henrique Cardoso">Fernando Henrique Cardoso</a>, President of Brazil from 1995 to 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Carey" title="Kyle Carey">Kyle Carey</a>, Celtic American musician<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Carr" title="Bob Carr">Bob Carr</a>, Australian politician<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Castan" title="Ron Castan">Ron Castan</a>, Australian Constitutional law barrister<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lenora_Champagne" title="Lenora Champagne">Lenora Champagne</a>, playwright, performance artist and director<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dante_R._Chialvo" title="Dante R. Chialvo">Dante R. Chialvo</a>, scientist.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Chihuly" title="Dale Chihuly">Dale Chihuly</a>, glass sculptor and entrepreneur.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Clerk" title="George C. Clerk">George C. Clerk</a>, Ghanaian botanist and plant pathologist pioneer <sup id="cite_ref-:21_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:21-36">[36]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:23_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:23-37">[37]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Collett" title="Nathan Collett">Nathan Collett</a>, filmmaker<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Music" title="Pulitzer Prize for Music">Pulitzer Prize for Music</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Leah_Curtis_(composer)" title="Leah Curtis (composer)">Leah Curtis</a>, Australian composer<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Myanna_Dellinger" title="Myanna Dellinger">Myanna Dellinger</a>, Danish-American law professor</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Deshaies" title="Arthur Deshaies">Arthur Deshaies</a>, artist, printmaker, professor and head of the graphic workshop, Florida State University <sup id="cite_ref-Spartanburg_Herald-Journal_Aug_2011_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spartanburg_Herald-Journal_Aug_2011-40">[40]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Dove" title="Rita Dove">Rita Dove</a>, U.S. Poet Laureate and recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Poetry" title="Pulitzer Prize for Poetry">Pulitzer Prize for Poetry</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eugenia_Del_Pino" title="Eugenia Del Pino">Eugenia Del Pino</a>, developmental biologist, Ecuadorian</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Foner" title="Eric Foner">Eric Foner</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_History" title="Pulitzer Prize for History">Pulitzer Prize for History</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Hope_Franklin" title="John Hope Franklin">John Hope Franklin</a>, historian and <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> recipient</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Maryellen_Fullerton" title="Maryellen Fullerton">Maryellen Fullerton</a>, lawyer and law professor and interim dean at <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Law_School" title="Brooklyn Law School">Brooklyn Law School</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Radhika_Gajjala" title="Radhika Gajjala">Radhika Gajjala</a>, a communications and a cultural studies professor,</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ashraf_Ghani" title="Ashraf Ghani">Ashraf Ghani</a>, the President of Afghanistan,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Giffords" class="mw-redirect" title="Gabrielle Giffords">Gabrielle Giffords</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Representative" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Representative">United States Representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Arizona%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Arizona's 8th congressional district">Arizona's 8th congressional district</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Gorman" title="Robert A. Gorman">Robert A. Gorman</a> (born 1937), law professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania_Law_School" title="University of Pennsylvania Law School">University of Pennsylvania Law School</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Greengross" title="Wendy Greengross">Wendy Greengross</a> (1925–2012), general practitioner and broadcaster<sup id="cite_ref-ONDB_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ONDB-42">[42]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Healey" title="Nigel Healey">Nigel Healey</a>, Vice Chancellor, <a href="/wiki/Fiji_National_University" title="Fiji National University">Fiji National University</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hess_(college_president)" title="Robert Hess (college president)">Robert Hess</a> (1938-1994), President of <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_College" title="Brooklyn College">Brooklyn College</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Honnold" title="John Honnold">John Honnold</a> (1915-2011), American law professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania_Law_School" title="University of Pennsylvania Law School">University of Pennsylvania Law School</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rahul_M._Jindal" title="Rahul M. Jindal">Rahul M. Jindal</a>, Indian-American transplant surgeon at <a href="/wiki/Uniformed_Services_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Uniformed Services University">Uniformed Services University</a>.</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Roberta_Karmel" title="Roberta Karmel">Roberta Karmel</a> (born 1937), Centennial Professor of Law at <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Law_School" title="Brooklyn Law School">Brooklyn Law School</a>, and first female <a href="/wiki/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission_appointees" class="mw-redirect" title="Securities and Exchange Commission appointees">Commissioner</a> of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a>.</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kennedy" title="Charles Kennedy">Charles Kennedy</a>, British politician.</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Klotz" title="Suzanne Klotz">Suzanne Klotz</a>, painter and sculptor<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup></li></ul>
<p> 
</p>
</td>
<td style="width: 50%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karen_LaMonte" title="Karen LaMonte">Karen LaMonte</a>, sculptor<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Lithgow" title="John Lithgow">John Lithgow</a>, actor</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dolph_Lundgren" title="Dolph Lundgren">Dolph Lundgren</a>, actor</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jamil_Mahuad" title="Jamil Mahuad">Jamil Mahuad</a>, President of Ecuador from 1998 to 2000</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/John_Atta_Mills" title="John Atta Mills">John Atta Mills</a>, legal scholar and President of Ghana (2009-12)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Baidyanath_Misra" title="Baidyanath Misra">Baidyanath Misra</a>, former Vice-Chancellor of the <a href="/wiki/Odisha_University_of_Agriculture_and_Technology" title="Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology">Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nozick" title="Robert Nozick">Robert Nozick</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup> American political philosopher</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Oates" title="Joan Oates">Joan Oates</a>, archaeologist</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Mikael_Owunna" title="Mikael Owunna">Mikael Owunna</a>, photographer</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a>, awarded the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry" title="Nobel Prize in Chemistry">Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Plath" title="Sylvia Plath">Sylvia Plath</a>, poet, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Poetry" title="Pulitzer Prize for Poetry">Pulitzer Prize for Poetry</a> in 1982</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Rankin" title="Ian Rankin">Ian Rankin</a>, author</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roethke" title="Theodore Roethke">Theodore Roethke</a>, poet, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Poetry" title="Pulitzer Prize for Poetry">Pulitzer Prize for Poetry</a> in 1954 and the <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Poetry" title="National Book Award for Poetry">National Book Award for Poetry</a> in 1959 and 1965</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Santos" title="Juan Manuel Santos">Juan Manuel Santos</a>, the former President of Colombia from 2010 and 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Schultz" title="Philip Schultz">Philip Schultz</a> poet<sup id="cite_ref-winners_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winners-47">[47]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Heather_J._Sharkey" title="Heather J. Sharkey">Heather J. Sharkey</a>, historian of the Middle East and Africa at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Shawn" title="Wallace Shawn">Wallace Shawn</a>, actor and playwright</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Smiley" title="Jane Smiley">Jane Smiley</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Fiction" title="Pulitzer Prize for Fiction">Pulitzer Prize for Fiction</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stiglitz" title="Joseph Stiglitz">Joseph Stiglitz</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Memorial_Prize_in_Economic_Sciences" title="Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences">Nobel Prize in Economics</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Storing" title="Herbert Storing">Herbert Storing</a>, Robert Kent Gooch Professor of Government and Foreign Affairs at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Summers" title="Robert S. Summers">Robert S. Summers</a>, law professor at <a href="/wiki/Cornell_Law_School" title="Cornell Law School">Cornell Law School</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rishi_Sunak" title="Rishi Sunak">Rishi Sunak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Troncoso" title="Sergio Troncoso">Sergio Troncoso</a>, author of <i><a href="/wiki/From_This_Wicked_Patch_of_Dust" title="From This Wicked Patch of Dust">From This Wicked Patch of Dust</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Crossing_Borders:_Personal_Essays" title="Crossing Borders: Personal Essays">Crossing Borders: Personal Essays</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nature_of_Truth" title="The Nature of Truth">The Nature of Truth</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sasha_Velour" title="Sasha Velour">Sasha Velour</a>, drag queen, artist, and winner of <a href="/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_(season_9)" title="RuPaul's Drag Race (season 9)">season nine of RuPaul's Drag Race</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Eudora_Welty" title="Eudora Welty">Eudora Welty</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Fiction" title="Pulitzer Prize for Fiction">Pulitzer Prize for Fiction</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/C._Vann_Woodward" title="C. Vann Woodward">C. Vann Woodward</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_History" title="Pulitzer Prize for History">Pulitzer Prize for History</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wright_(poet)" title="Charles Wright (poet)">Charles Wright</a>, American poet<sup id="cite_ref-winners_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-winners-47">[47]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/James_Wright_(poet)" title="James Wright (poet)">James Wright</a>, American poet<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a>, awarded the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a></li></ul>
<p> 
</p>
</td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r998391716">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_mobility" title="Academic mobility">Academic mobility</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_American_Educational_Foundation" title="Belgian American Educational Foundation">Belgian American Educational Foundation</a> (BAEF)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Chevening_Scholarship" title="Chevening Scholarship">Chevening Scholarship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Ching-kuo_Foundation" title="Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation">Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/EducationUSA" title="EducationUSA">EducationUSA</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus_Programme" title="Erasmus Programme">Erasmus Programme</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/German_Academic_Exchange_Service" title="German Academic Exchange Service">German Academic Exchange Service</a> (<a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Akademischer_Austauschdienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst">Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Goodwill_Scholarships" title="Goodwill Scholarships">Goodwill Scholarships</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Harkness_Fellowship" title="Harkness Fellowship">Harkness Fellowship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/ITT_International_Fellowship_Program" title="ITT International Fellowship Program">ITT International Fellowship Program</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Mulert" title="Jürgen Mulert">Jürgen Mulert</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Scholarship" title="Marshall Scholarship">Marshall Scholarship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Gates_Cambridge_Scholarship" title="Gates Cambridge Scholarship">Gates Cambridge Scholarship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Monbukagakusho_Scholarship" title="Monbukagakusho Scholarship">Monbukagakusho Scholarship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholarship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Yenching_Scholarship" class="mw-redirect" title="Yenching Scholarship">Yenching Scholarship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Jardine_Scholarship" title="Jardine Scholarship">Jardine Scholarship</a></li></ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r999302996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/the-scholarship-coach/2011/11/25/get-noticed-through-prestigious-scholarships">"Get Noticed Through Prestigious Scholarships"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>. November 25, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180322204800/https://www.usnews.com/education/blogs/the-scholarship-coach/2011/11/25/get-noticed-through-prestigious-scholarships">Archived</a> from the original on March 22, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Get+Noticed+Through+Prestigious+Scholarships&rft.pub=U.S.+News+%26+World+Report&rft.date=2011-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Feducation%2Fblogs%2Fthe-scholarship-coach%2F2011%2F11%2F25%2Fget-noticed-through-prestigious-scholarships&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cies.org/about-us">"Fulbright Scholar Program: About Us"</a>. Comparative and International Education Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170621065912/http://www.cies.org/about-us">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-06-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-06-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fulbright+Scholar+Program%3A+About+Us&rft.pub=Comparative+and+International+Education+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cies.org%2Fabout-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140728221410/http://www.iie.org/What-We-Do/Fellowship-And-Scholarship-Management/Programs">"IIE Programs"</a>. Institute of International Education. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iie.org/What-We-Do/Fellowship-And-Scholarship-Management/Programs">the original</a> on 2014-07-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IIE+Programs&rft.pub=Institute+of+International+Education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iie.org%2FWhat-We-Do%2FFellowship-And-Scholarship-Management%2FPrograms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fulbright_Program_Fact_Sheet_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.state.gov/files/bureau/fulbright_fact_sheet_2.pdf">"Fulbright Program Fact Sheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140923171523/http://eca.state.gov/files/bureau/fulbright_fact_sheet_2.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2014-09-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-12-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fulbright+Program+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffiles%2Fbureau%2Ffulbright_fact_sheet_2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-notable-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-notable_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-notable_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-notable_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-notable_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-notable_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters">"Notable Fulbrighters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of State">U.S. Department of State</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170520080751/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-05-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notable+Fulbrighters&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Ffulbright-alumni%2Fnotable-fulbrighters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFMorello2017" class="citation news cs1">Morello, Carol (June 8, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/that-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup/2017/06/08/06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html">"That knock on a congressman's door could be a Fulbright scholar with a tin cup"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141802/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/that-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup/2017/06/08/06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=That+knock+on+a+congressman%27s+door+could+be+a+Fulbright+scholar+with+a+tin+cup&rft.date=2017-06-08&rft.aulast=Morello&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fnational-security%2Fthat-knock-on-a-congressmans-door-could-be-a-fulbright-scholar-with-a-tin-cup%2F2017%2F06%2F08%2F06aa1984-4baf-11e7-bc1b-fddbd8359dee_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFFriedman-RudovskyRoss2008" class="citation news cs1">Friedman-Rudovsky, Jean; Ross, Brian (11 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=4262036">"Exclusive: Peace Corps, Fulbright Scholar Asked to 'Spy' on Cubans, Venezuelans"</a>. <i>ABC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Exclusive%3A+Peace+Corps%2C+Fulbright+Scholar+Asked+to+%27Spy%27+on+Cubans%2C+Venezuelans&rft.date=2008-02-11&rft.aulast=Friedman-Rudovsky&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=Ross%2C+Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FBlotter%2Fstory%3Fid%3D4262036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFLindorff2019" class="citation news cs1">Lindorff, Dave (12 February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.counterpunch.org/2019/02/15/using-students-teachers-journalists-and-other-professionals-as-spies-puts-everyone-in-jeopardy/">"Using Students, Teachers, Journalists and other Professionals as Spies Puts Everyone in Jeopardy"</a>. <i>CounterPunch.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2020</span>. <q>Clearly, from these experiences during the early 1990s, the Fulbright Program and US journalists were being illegally and improperly sought out for use as spies by the CIA in violation of a 1977 policy barring such efforts. And since there has been no real effort to challenge that kind of activity by Congress since then, it’s a safe bet that it’s still the case.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CounterPunch.org&rft.atitle=Using+Students%2C+Teachers%2C+Journalists+and+other+Professionals+as+Spies+Puts+Everyone+in+Jeopardy&rft.date=2019-02-12&rft.aulast=Lindorff&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.counterpunch.org%2F2019%2F02%2F15%2Fusing-students-teachers-journalists-and-other-professionals-as-spies-puts-everyone-in-jeopardy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.wenweipo.com/2020/04/16/IN2004160005.htm">"美操控港大學通識課洗腦煽暴"</a>. <i>Wen Wei Po</i> (in Chinese). 16 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wen+Wei+Po&rft.atitle=%E7%BE%8E%E6%93%8D%E6%8E%A7%E6%B8%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E9%80%9A%E8%AD%98%E8%AA%B2%E6%B4%97%E8%85%A6%E7%85%BD%E6%9A%B4&rft.date=2020-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.wenweipo.com%2F2020%2F04%2F16%2FIN2004160005.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/j-william-fulbright/j-william-fulbright-quotes">"J. William Fulbright Quotes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Educational_and_Cultural_Affairs" title="Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs">Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142716/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/j-william-fulbright/j-william-fulbright-quotes">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=J.+William+Fulbright+Quotes&rft.pub=Bureau+of+Educational+and+Cultural+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Fabout-fulbright%2Fhistory%2Fj-william-fulbright%2Fj-william-fulbright-quotes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Fulbright:_The_Early_Years-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fulbright:_The_Early_Years_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fulbright:_The_Early_Years_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/early-years">"Fulbright: The Early Years"</a>. U.S. Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130507050103/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/history/early-years">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-05-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-12-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fulbright%3A+The+Early+Years&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Fabout-fulbright%2Fhistory%2Fearly-years&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries">"Archived copy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505044116/http://us.fulbrightonline.org/countries">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-05-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fus.fulbrightonline.org%2Fcountries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country">"Archived copy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191013100530/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs/program-details-country">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-10-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Ffulbright-programs%2Fprogram-details-country&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/07/16/trump-targets-fulbright-china-hong-kong">"Trump targets Fulbright in China, Hong Kong"</a>. <i>www.insidehighered.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.insidehighered.com&rft.atitle=Trump+targets+Fulbright+in+China%2C+Hong+Kong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insidehighered.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F07%2F16%2Ftrump-targets-fulbright-china-hong-kong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright">"Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs: About Fulbright"</a>. U.S. Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180609035428/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bureau+of+Educational+and+Cultural+Affairs%3A+About+Fulbright&rft.pub=U.S.+Bureau+of+Educational+and+Cultural+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Fabout-fulbright&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs">"Fields of Study/Project Topics"</a>. U.S. Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022001035/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-10-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-12-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fields+of+Study%2FProject+Topics&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Ffulbright-programs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFadmin2020" class="citation web cs1">admin (2020-02-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/">"Fulbright Scholarship 2020 - Step-Wise Guide | Scholar Den"</a>. <i>SD GRE Blog</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200219051618/https://blog.scholarden.com/fulbright-scholarship/fulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide/">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SD+GRE+Blog&rft.atitle=Fulbright+Scholarship+2020+-+Step-Wise+Guide+%7C+Scholar+Den&rft.date=2020-02-16&rft.au=admin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.scholarden.com%2Ffulbright-scholarship%2Ffulbright-scholarship-2020-step-wise-guide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFBerkey2020" class="citation web cs1">Berkey, Ayden (October 30, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://accessscholarships.com/scholarship/fulbright-u-s-student-program">"Fulbright U.S. Student Program"</a>. <i>Access Scholarships</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Access+Scholarships&rft.atitle=Fulbright+U.S.+Student+Program&rft.date=2020-10-30&rft.aulast=Berkey&rft.aufirst=Ayden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faccessscholarships.com%2Fscholarship%2Ffulbright-u-s-student-program&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topproducing.fulbrightonline.org/">"Top Producing Institutions"</a>. <i>us.fulbrightonline.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=us.fulbrightonline.org&rft.atitle=Top+Producing+Institutions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftopproducing.fulbrightonline.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Which_Grant_is_Right_for_Me?_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs">"Which Grant Is Right For Me? – Fulbright – International Educational Exchange Program"</a>. eca.state.gov. 2008-01-31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120035802/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-programs">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-11-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Which+Grant+Is+Right+For+Me%3F+%E2%80%93+Fulbright+%E2%80%93+International+Educational+Exchange+Program&rft.pub=eca.state.gov&rft.date=2008-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Ffulbright-programs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html">"Archived: International Education Programs Service – Fulbright–Hays Programs: The World is Our Classroom"</a>. ed.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120708063043/http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-07-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived%3A+International+Education+Programs+Service+%E2%80%93+Fulbright%E2%80%93Hays+Programs%3A+The+World+is+Our+Classroom&rft.pub=ed.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.ed.gov%2Fabout%2Foffices%2Flist%2Fope%2Fiegps%2Ffulbright-hays.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions">"Fulbright Commissions"</a>. U.S. Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131101172159/http://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-11-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-12-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fulbright+Commissions&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Fabout-fulbright%2Ffunding-and-administration%2Ffulbright-commissions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120616231800/http://www.iie.org/en/Who-We-Are/History">"History | Who We Are | Institute of International Education"</a>. Iie.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iie.org/en/Who-We-Are/History">the original</a> on 2012-06-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+%26%23124%3B+Who+We+Are+%26%23124%3B+Institute+of+International+Education&rft.pub=Iie.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iie.org%2Fen%2FWho-We-Are%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-LASPAU_-_Harvard-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LASPAU_-_Harvard_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laspau.harvard.edu/">"LASPAU"</a>. <i>Harvard University</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180425181708/http://www.laspau.harvard.edu/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-04-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harvard+University&rft.atitle=LASPAU&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laspau.harvard.edu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">fulbrightspecialist.worldlearning.org/</span>
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<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions">"Archived copy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200112121837/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/about-fulbright/funding-and-administration/fulbright-commissions">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-01-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Fabout-fulbright%2Ffunding-and-administration%2Ffulbright-commissions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment">"Heads of State/Government"</a>. <i>www.State.Gov</i>. US State Department. March 6, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190721184026/https://eca.state.gov/fulbright/fulbright-alumni/notable-fulbrighters/heads-stategovernment">Archived</a> from the original on July 21, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.State.Gov&rft.atitle=Heads+of+State%2FGovernment&rft.date=2020-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feca.state.gov%2Ffulbright%2Ffulbright-alumni%2Fnotable-fulbrighters%2Fheads-stategovernment&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFPiccinnini2009" class="citation web cs1">Piccinnini, Douglas (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jacketmagazine.com/37/piccinnini-ashbery.shtml">"Ashbery in Paris: Out of School"</a>. <i>Jacket 2</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304083413/http://jacketmagazine.com/37/piccinnini-ashbery.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jacket+2&rft.atitle=Ashbery+in+Paris%3A+Out+of+School&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Piccinnini&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjacketmagazine.com%2F37%2Fpiccinnini-ashbery.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://members.fulbright.org/?prize_cardosa">"Fernando Henrique Cardoso"</a>. Fulbright Association. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141111055234/http://members.fulbright.org/?prize_cardosa">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fernando+Henrique+Cardoso&rft.pub=Fulbright+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmembers.fulbright.org%2F%3Fprize_cardosa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fulbright.ca/featured-fulbrighters/ms-kyle-carey/364.html">"Featured Fulbrighter – Kyle Carey"</a>. <i>Fulbright Canada</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143312/http://www.fulbright.ca/featured-fulbrighters/ms-kyle-carey/364.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fulbright+Canada&rft.atitle=Featured+Fulbrighter+%E2%80%93+Kyle+Carey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fulbright.ca%2Ffeatured-fulbrighters%2Fms-kyle-carey%2F364.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFAdams2017" class="citation web cs1">Adams, Vanessa (August 29, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fulbrightalumni.org.au/news/5053477">"Announcing our Inaugural Conference Keynote - Professor the Hon Bob Carr"</a>. <i>Fulbright Australia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141144/https://fulbrightalumni.org.au/news/5053477">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fulbright+Australia&rft.atitle=Announcing+our+Inaugural+Conference+Keynote+-+Professor+the+Hon+Bob+Carr&rft.date=2017-08-29&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffulbrightalumni.org.au%2Fnews%2F5053477&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theoldstonehouse.org/event/traps-by-lenora-champagne/">"Traps by Lenora Champagne"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Old_Stone_House_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Old Stone House (Washington, D.C.)">Old Stone House</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142148/http://theoldstonehouse.org/event/traps-by-lenora-champagne/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Traps+by+Lenora+Champagne&rft.pub=Old+Stone+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheoldstonehouse.org%2Fevent%2Ftraps-by-lenora-champagne%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2008/01/chialvo.html">"CHIALVO NAMED FELLOW OF THE AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162041/https://www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/stories/2008/01/chialvo.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CHIALVO+NAMED+FELLOW+OF+THE+AMERICAN+PHYSICAL+SOCIETY&rft.pub=Northwestern+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.northwestern.edu%2Fnewscenter%2Fstories%2F2008%2F01%2Fchialvo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFLewis1996" class="citation news cs1">Lewis, Jo Ann (February 23, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/02/23/glass-thatll-bowl-you-over/9b32d960-8a19-4929-ba2a-2a947f59ad97/">"GLASS THAT'LL BOWL YOU OVER"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143601/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/02/23/glass-thatll-bowl-you-over/9b32d960-8a19-4929-ba2a-2a947f59ad97/">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=GLASS+THAT%27LL+BOWL+YOU+OVER&rft.date=1996-02-23&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Jo+Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1996%2F02%2F23%2Fglass-thatll-bowl-you-over%2F9b32d960-8a19-4929-ba2a-2a947f59ad97%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:21-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:21_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://natureecoevocommunity.nature.com/users/264613-daniel-p-clerk/posts/49989-in-memoriam-george-carver-clerk-87">"In memoriam: George Carver Clerk, 87"</a>. <i>Nature Research Ecology & Evolution Community</i>. 2019-06-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nature+Research+Ecology+%26+Evolution+Community&rft.atitle=In+memoriam%3A+George+Carver+Clerk%2C+87&rft.date=2019-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnatureecoevocommunity.nature.com%2Fusers%2F264613-daniel-p-clerk%2Fposts%2F49989-in-memoriam-george-carver-clerk-87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:23-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:23_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isppweb.org/newsletters/pdf/49_7.pdf">"Obituary of George Carver Clerk, 1931–2019"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ISPP Newsletter</i>. International Society for Plant Pathology. <b>49</b> (7): 5. July 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190701171541/https://www.isppweb.org/newsletters/pdf/49_7.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-07-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ISPP+Newsletter&rft.atitle=Obituary+of+George+Carver+Clerk%2C+1931%E2%80%932019&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=5&rft.date=2019-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.isppweb.org%2Fnewsletters%2Fpdf%2F49_7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ahf.usc.edu/recipients/2006-2/">"2006 Fellowship Recipients"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Southern_California" title="University of Southern California">University of Southern California</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612175515/https://ahf.usc.edu/recipients/2006-2/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-06-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2006+Fellowship+Recipients&rft.pub=University+of+Southern+California&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fahf.usc.edu%2Frecipients%2F2006-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newcollege.unsw.edu.au/news/award/new-alumnus-wins-prestigious-fulbright-postgraduate-award">"<span class="cs1-kern-left">'</span>New' alumnus wins prestigious Fulbright postgraduate award"</a>. <i>New College, University of New South Wales</i>. New College, University of New South Wales<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+College%2C+University+of+New+South+Wales&rft.atitle=%27New%27+alumnus+wins+prestigious+Fulbright+postgraduate+award&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newcollege.unsw.edu.au%2Fnews%2Faward%2Fnew-alumnus-wins-prestigious-fulbright-postgraduate-award&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Spartanburg_Herald-Journal_Aug_2011-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spartanburg_Herald-Journal_Aug_2011_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1">"Arthur Emillien Deshaies". <i>Spartanburg Herald-Journal</i>. Spartanburg, South Carolina. 2011-08-03. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spartanburg+Herald-Journal&rft.atitle=Arthur+Emillien+Deshaies&rft.pages=4&rft.date=2011-08-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html">"Ashraf Ghani Fast Facts"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. December 30, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226190009/https://www.cnn.com/2014/12/08/world/ashraf-ghani-fast-facts/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 26, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Ashraf+Ghani+Fast+Facts&rft.date=2019-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F12%2F08%2Fworld%2Fashraf-ghani-fast-facts%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-ONDB-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ONDB_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFBayfield" class="citation web cs1">Bayfield, Tony. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/106704">"Greengross [married name Katz, later Kates], Wendy Elsa (1925–2012)"</a>. <i>ONDB</i>. OUP<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ONDB&rft.atitle=Greengross+%5Bmarried+name+Katz%2C+later+Kates%5D%2C+Wendy+Elsa+%281925%E2%80%932012%29&rft.aulast=Bayfield&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F106704&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFKlotz" class="citation web cs1">Klotz, Suzanne. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars?field_scholar_type_tid%5B%5D=1&field_first_name_value=Suzanne&field_last_name_value=Klotz&field_field_of_study_term_tid=All&title=&field_project_title_value=&title_1=&field_grant_dates_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_grant_dates_value2%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=">"Fulbright Scholar"</a>. <i>Fulbright Scholar Program</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161006104550/http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars?field_scholar_type_tid%5B%5D=1&field_first_name_value=Suzanne&field_last_name_value=Klotz&field_field_of_study_term_tid=All&title=&field_project_title_value=&title_1=&field_grant_dates_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_grant_dates_value2%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fulbright+Scholar+Program&rft.atitle=Fulbright+Scholar&rft.aulast=Klotz&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cies.org%2Ffulbright-scholars%3Ffield_scholar_type_tid%255B%255D%3D1%26field_first_name_value%3DSuzanne%26field_last_name_value%3DKlotz%26field_field_of_study_term_tid%3DAll%26title%3D%26field_project_title_value%3D%26title_1%3D%26field_grant_dates_value%255Bvalue%255D%255Bdate%255D%3D%26field_grant_dates_value2%255Bvalue%255D%255Bdate%255D%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFOldknow" class="citation web cs1">Oldknow, Tina. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cmog.org/transcript/meet-artist-karen-lamonte">"Meet the Artist: Karen LaMonte"</a>. <i>Corning Museum of Glass</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121008072826/http://www.cmog.org/transcript/meet-artist-karen-lamonte">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Corning+Museum+of+Glass&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Artist%3A+Karen+LaMonte&rft.aulast=Oldknow&rft.aufirst=Tina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmog.org%2Ftranscript%2Fmeet-artist-karen-lamonte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Juntin Wintle, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=991tT3wSot0C&lpg=PP1&ots=kMv9_Isgh9&dq=Makers%20of%20modern%20culture%20By%20Justin%20Wintle&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false">Makers of modern culture</a>, Routledge 2002.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101219213507/http://www.tufts.edu/alumni/magazine/fall2010/planet-tufts/laurels.html">"Laurels"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tufts_Magazine" title="Tufts Magazine">Tufts Magazine</a></i>. Medford, MA. 2010. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1535-5063">1535-5063</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/45710313">45710313</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tufts.edu/alumni/magazine/fall2010/planet-tufts/laurels.html">the original</a> on 19 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tufts+Magazine&rft.atitle=Laurels&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45710313&rft.issn=1535-5063&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tufts.edu%2Falumni%2Fmagazine%2Ffall2010%2Fplanet-tufts%2Flaurels.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-winners-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-winners_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-winners_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fulbright.state.gov/notable-alumni/pulitzer-prize-winners">"Fulbrighters & Pulitzer Prize Winners"</a>. <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of State">U.S. Department of State</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120616232321/http://fulbright.state.gov/notable-alumni/pulitzer-prize-winners">Archived</a> from the original on 2012-06-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-10-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fulbrighters+%26+Pulitzer+Prize+Winners&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffulbright.state.gov%2Fnotable-alumni%2Fpulitzer-prize-winners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFGray2005" class="citation book cs1">Gray, Jeffrey (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3KsP32CLGtcC&q=adrienne%20rich%20fulbright&pg=PP1"><i>Mastery's End: Travel and Postwar American Poetry</i></a>. Athens, GA: UGA Press. p. 145. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780820326634" title="Special:BookSources/9780820326634"><bdi>9780820326634</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610172032/https://books.google.com/books?id=3KsP32CLGtcC&lpg=PA145&ots=YAEtqNYfFA&dq=adrienne%20rich%20fulbright&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mastery%27s+End%3A+Travel+and+Postwar+American+Poetry&rft.place=Athens%2C+GA&rft.pages=145&rft.pub=UGA+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780820326634&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3KsP32CLGtcC%26q%3Dadrienne%2520rich%2520fulbright%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFulbright+Program" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fulbright_Program&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eca.state.gov/fulbright">U.S. Department of State Fulbright Website</a>, the program's sponsor</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ope/iegps/fulbright-hays.html">Fulbright–Hays information</a>, U.S. Department of Education</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fulbrightonline.org/">Fulbright Student Program Homepage</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cies.org/">Fulbright Scholar Program</a>, grants for university and college faculty, administrators and professionals</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fulbrightteacherexchange.org/">Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs</a>, K–12 Teacher Exchange</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fulbrightteacherexchange.org/">Fulbright Teacher Exchange Programs</a>, K–12 Teacher Exchange</li></ul>
<dl><dt>Directories of past grantees</dt></dl>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alumni.state.gov">US Bureau of Educational & Cultural Affairs: International Exchange Alumni</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cies.org/fulbright-scholars">Fulbright Scholar Directory</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://us.fulbrightonline.org/component/filter/?view=filter">US Student Program</a></li></ul>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_International_Cooperation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#99d6ff;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r992953826">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_International_Cooperation" title="Template:Princess of Asturias Award for International Cooperation"><abbr title="View this template" style="background:#99d6ff;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_International_Cooperation" title="Template talk:Princess of Asturias Award for International Cooperation"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="background:#99d6ff;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_International_Cooperation&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="background:#99d6ff;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_International_Cooperation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Asturias_Awards" title="Princess of Asturias Awards">Prince or Princess of Asturias Award</a> for International Cooperation</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Prince_of_Asturias_Award_for_International_Cooperation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><small>Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#addeff;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_L%C3%B3pez_Portillo" title="José López Portillo">José López Portillo</a></li>
<li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Enrique_V._Iglesias" title="Enrique V. Iglesias">Enrique V. Iglesias</a></li>
<li>1983: <a href="/wiki/Belisario_Betancur" title="Belisario Betancur">Belisario Betancur</a></li>
<li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Contadora_group" title="Contadora group">Contadora group</a></li>
<li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Alfons%C3%ADn" title="Raúl Alfonsín">Raúl Alfonsín</a></li>
<li>1986: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">University of Salamanca</a> and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Coimbra" title="University of Coimbra">University of Coimbra</a></li>
<li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Javier_P%C3%A9rez_de_Cu%C3%A9llar" title="Javier Pérez de Cuéllar">Javier Pérez de Cuéllar</a></li>
<li>1988: <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arias" title="Óscar Arias">Óscar Arias</a></li>
<li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Delors" title="Jacques Delors">Jacques Delors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#addeff;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Hans-Dietrich_Genscher" title="Hans-Dietrich Genscher">Hans-Dietrich Genscher</a></li>
<li>1991: UNHCR (<a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a>)</li>
<li>1992: <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">Frederik W. de Klerk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li>
<li>1993: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Protection_Force" title="United Nations Protection Force">United Nations Blue Berets stationed in Ex-Yugoslavia</a></li>
<li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a></li>
<li>1995: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a></li>
<li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a></li>
<li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Guatemala">Government of Guatemala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_National_Revolutionary_Unity" title="Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity">Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity</a></li>
<li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Emma_Bonino" title="Emma Bonino">Emma Bonino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olayinka_Koso-Thomas" title="Olayinka Koso-Thomas">Olayinka Koso-Thomas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gra%C3%A7a_Machel" title="Graça Machel">Graça Machel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatiha_Boudiaf" title="Fatiha Boudiaf">Fatiha Boudiaf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Rigoberta Menchú</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fatana_Ishaq_Gailani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fatana Ishaq Gailani (page does not exist)">Fatana Ishaq Gailani</a> and <a href="/wiki/Somaly_Mam" title="Somaly Mam">Somaly Mam</a></li>
<li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Duque" title="Pedro Duque">Pedro Duque</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Glenn" title="John Glenn">John Glenn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chiaki_Mukai" title="Chiaki Mukai">Chiaki Mukai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Valeri_Polyakov" title="Valeri Polyakov">Valeri Polyakov</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#addeff;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Henrique_Cardoso" title="Fernando Henrique Cardoso">Fernando Henrique Cardoso</a></li>
<li>2001: <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a></li>
<li>2002: The <a href="/wiki/Scientific_Committee_on_Antarctic_Research" title="Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research">Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research</a></li>
<li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a></li>
<li>2004: The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Erasmus_Programme" title="Erasmus Programme">Erasmus Programme</a></li>
<li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Simone_Veil" title="Simone Veil">Simone Veil</a></li>
<li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation" title="Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation">Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</a></li>
<li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li>
<li>2008: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manhi%C3%A7a_Centre_of_Health_Research&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manhiça Centre of Health Research (page does not exist)">Manhiça Centre of Health Research</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ifakara_Health_Institute" title="Ifakara Health Institute">Ifakara Health Institute</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malaria_Research_and_Training_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malaria Research and Training Centre (page does not exist)">Malaria Research and Training Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a>) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kintampo_Health_Research_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kintampo Health Research Centre (page does not exist)">Kintampo Health Research Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>)</li>
<li>2009: <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#addeff;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>2010: <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Transplantation_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Transplantation Society (page does not exist)">The Transplantation Society</a> and the Spanish <a href="/wiki/National_Transplant_Organization" title="National Transplant Organization">National Transplant Organization</a></li>
<li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Drayton" title="Bill Drayton">Bill Drayton</a></li>
<li>2012: <a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement</a></li>
<li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck_Society" title="Max Planck Society">Max Planck Society</a> for the Advancement of Science</li>
<li>2014: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fulbright Program</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg" class="image"><img alt="Princess of Asturias Foundation Emblem.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg/50px-Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg/75px-Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg/100px-Princess_of_Asturias_Foundation_Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="952" data-file-height="1296" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_International_Cooperation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><small>Princess of Asturias Award for International Cooperation</small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#addeff;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a></li>
<li>2016: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement</a></li>
<li>2017: The <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_Society_of_America" title="Hispanic Society of America">Hispanic Society of America</a></li>
<li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Amref_Health_Africa" title="Amref Health Africa">Amref Health Africa</a></li>
<li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Sal_Khan" title="Sal Khan">Salman Khan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Khan_Academy" title="Khan Academy">Khan Academy</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#addeff;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li>2020: <a href="/wiki/GAVI" title="GAVI">Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | 1612384762 |