User:Mr. Ibrahem/Amikacin
Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Amikin, Amiglyde-V, Arikayce, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682661 |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | intramuscular, intravenous |
Drug class | Aminoglycoside |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | >90%[3] |
Protein binding | 0–11% |
Metabolism | Mostly unmetabolized |
Elimination half-life | 2–3 hours |
Excretion | kidney |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C22H43N5O13 |
Molar mass | 585.608 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Amikacin is an antibiotic used for a number of bacterial infections.[4] This includes joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis, and urinary tract infections.[4] It is also used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.[6] It is used by injection into a vein using an IV or into a muscle.[4]
Amikacin, like other aminoglycoside antibiotics, can cause hearing loss, balance problems, and kidney problems.[4] Other side effects include paralysis, resulting in the inability to breathe.[4] If used during pregnancy it may cause permanent deafness in the baby.[4][1] Amikacin works by blocking the function of the bacteria's 30S ribosomal subunit, making it unable to produce proteins.[4]
Amikacin was patented in 1971, and came into commercial use in 1976.[7][8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[9] The wholesale cost in the developing world is 13.80 to US$130.50 for a month.[10] In the United States a typical course of treatment costs 25 to US$50.[11] It is derived from kanamycin.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c "Amikacin Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 2 December 2019. Archived from the original on 25 July 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
- ^ "Amikacin 250 mg/ml Injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 16 September 2015. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
- ^ Plumb, Donald C. (2011). "Amikacin Sulfate". Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook (7th ed.). Stockholm, Wisconsin; Ames, Iowa: Wiley. pp. 39–43. ISBN 978-0-470-95964-0.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Amikacin Sulfate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
who
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p. 137. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ Fischer, Janos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 507. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
- ^ Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology. OUP Oxford. 2009. p. 56. ISBN 9780191039621. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "Amikacin Sulfate". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 35. ISBN 9781284057560.