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Current parties

[edit]

All parties registered with the Ministry of Justice have the right to participate in any elections across the country. A list of registered parties is placed on the Ministry website.[1] In December 2012, there were 48 registered parties in Russia; 6 of them are currently represented in the State Duma as of 2021.

Parties represented in the State Duma and the Federation Council

[edit]
Party Est. Leader Ideology State Duma Federation Council Regional Political
position
Alliances
UR
ЕР
United Russia
Единая Россия
2001 Dmitry Medvedev Statism
Russian conservatism
Russian nationalism
325 / 450
136 / 178
2,849 / 3,994
Big tent ONF
KPRF
КПРФ
Communist Party of the Russian Federation
Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации
1993 Gennady Zyuganov Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Left-wing nationalism
Democratic socialism
Neo-Stalinism (Some)
57 / 450
4 / 178
449 / 3,994
Left-wing
to far-left
UCP–CPSU
International:
IMCWP
SRZP
СРЗП
A Just Russia — For Truth
Справедливая Россия — За правду
2006 Sergey Mironov,
Zakhar Prilepin,
Gennady Semigin
Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Social conservatism
Russian nationalism
28 / 450
3 / 178
230 / 3,994
Centre to
centre-left
ONF
LDPR
ЛДПР
Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
Либерально-демократическая партия России
1992 Leonid Slutsky Pan-Slavism
Monarchism
Economic interventionism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism
21 / 450
3 / 178
320 / 3,994
Right-wing
to far-right
NL
НЛ
New People
Новые люди
2020 Alexey Nechayev Communitarianism
Regionalism
Direct democracy
15 / 450
0 / 178
7 / 3,994
Centre-right ONF, SPPS
Rodina
Родина
Rodina
Родина
2003,
2012
Aleksey Zhuravlyov Russian nationalism
Russian conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism
1 / 450
0 / 178
6 / 3,994
Far-right ONF
PR
ПР
Party of Growth
Партия роста
2016 Boris Titov Liberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Economic liberalism
1 / 450
0 / 178
8 / 3,994
Centre-right ONF, SPPS
GP
ГП
Civic Platform
Гражданская платформа
2012 Rifat Shaykhutdinov Liberal conservatism
Economic liberalism
1 / 450
0 / 178
6 / 3,994
Centre-right

Parties represented in the regional parliaments

[edit]
Name Founded Leader Ideology Regional parliaments Position Alliances
RPPSJ
РППСС
Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice
Российская партия пенсионеров за социальную справедливость
1997, 2012 Vladimir Burakov Pensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politics
16 / 3,994
Centre
Yabloko
Яблоко
Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko"
Российская объединённая демократическая партия «Яблоко»
1993 Nikolay Rybakov Social liberalism
Progressivism
Feminism
Anti-war
Pro-Europeanism
13 / 3,994
Centre-left International:
LI
European:
ALDE Party
EGP (associated faction)
CPCR
КПКР
Communist Party "Communists of Russia"
Коммунистическая партия «Коммунисты России»
2012 Maxim Suraykin Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism
Anti-revisionism
7 / 3,994
Far-left International:
IMCWP (observer)
REP «The Greens»
РЭП «Зелёные»
Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»
1992, 2012 Andrey Nagibin Green politics
Agrarianism
4 / 3,994
Centre to centre-left ONF
EAGP
RPFJ
РПСС
Russian Party of Freedom and Justice
Российская партия свободы и справедливости
2012 Maksim Shevchenko Patriotism
3 / 3,994
Centre-left
PB
ПД
Party of Business
Партия дела
2010 Konstantin Babkin Green politics
Protectionism
Economic nationalism
2 / 3,994
Centre to centre-left
GA!
ЗА!
Green Alternative
Зелёная альтернатива
2020 Ruslan Khvostov Green politics
Environmentalism
Pro-Europeanism
2 / 3,994
Centre-left
PDD
ППД
Party of the Direct Democracy[2]
Партия прямой демократии
2020 Oleg Artamonov Direct democracy
E-Democracy
1 / 3,994
Centre-right
Name Founded Leader Ideology Location Representation in
regional legislature
File:Logo of the Republic of Donetsk (political party).png Donetsk Republic 2005 Denis Pushilin Russian nationalism
Donbas separatism
Donetsk People's Republic
74 / 100
Free Donbas 2014 Vladimir Medvedev Russian nationalism
Donbas separatism
Donetsk People's Republic
26 / 100
Peace to Luhanshchyna 2014 Leonid Pasechnik Donbas separatism
Centrism (self-declared)
Luhansk People's Republic
37 / 50
Luhansk Economic Union 2014 Zinaida Nadion Donbas separatism
Liberal conservatism
Luhansk People's Republic
13 / 50
New Russia Party 2014 Pavel Gubarev
Ekaterina Gubareva
Russian nationalism
Eurasianism
Donetsk People's Republic
0 / 100
Volodymyr Saldo Bloc 2019 Volodymyr Saldo Regionalism Kherson Oblast
0 / 64

List of registered parties

[edit]
No. Full name Short name Abbr. Ideology Position Leader(s) Created Registration Last federal elections results Free access to the
next legislative election
Note
Presidential Legislative
1 All-Russian political party "United Russia"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Единая Россия"
United Russia UR
ЕР
Statism
Russian conservatism
Russian nationalism
Big tent Dmitry Medvedev 2001 2003 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
49.82% (Party list)
45.86% (SMC)
(324 seats)
MJ profile Archived 2022-01-19 at the Wayback Machine
Website
2 Political party "Communist Party of the Russian Federation"
Политическая партия "Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации"
Communist Party CPRF
КПРФ
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic socialism
Soviet patriotism
Neo-Stalinism
Left-wing to far-left Gennady Zyuganov 1990 2002 11.77%
(Pavel Grudinin)
18.93% (Party list)
16.35% (SMC)
(57 seats)
MJ profile
Website
3 Political party LDPR — Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
Политическая партия ЛДПР – Либерально-демократическая партия Россия
Liberal Democratic Party LDPR
ЛДПР

Monarchism
Economic interventionism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism
Russian ultranationalism
Right-wing to far-right Vladimir Zhirinovsky 1992 2002 5.65%
(Vladimir Zhirinovsky)
7.55% (Party list)
5.89% (SMC)
(21 seats)
MJ profile
Website
4 Political party "Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko""
Политическая партия "Российская объединенная демократическая партия "Яблоко"
Yabloko
Яблоко
Social liberalism
Social democracy
Progressivism
Feminism
Trade unionism
Pro-Europeanism
Centre to centre-left Nikolay Rybakov 1995 2003 1.05%
(Grigory Yavlinsky)
1.34% (Party list)
1.99% (SMC)
(0 seats)
MJ profile
Website
5 Socialist political party "A Just Russia — Patriots — For Truth"
Социалистическая политическая партия "Справедливая Россия — Патриоты — За Правду"
A Just Russia — For Truth SRZP
СРЗП
Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Social conservatism
Russian nationalism
Centre to Centre-left Sergey Mironov 2006 2006 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
7.46% (Party list)
8.78% (SMC)
(27 seats)
MJ profile
Website
6 All-Russian political party "Party of Growth"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Партия Роста"
Party of Growth PG
ПР

Conservatism
Liberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Economic liberalism
Centre-right Boris Titov 2016 2016 0.76%
(Boris Titov)
0.52% (Party list)
0.94% (SMC)
(1 seat)
MJ profile
Website
7 Political party "People's Freedom Party" (PARNAS)
Политическая партия "Партия народной свободы" (ПАРНАС)
People's Freedom Party PARNAS
ПАРНАС
Anti-Putinism
Republicanism
Liberalism
Classical liberalism
Federalism
Atlanticism
Anti-communism
Centre-right Mikhail Kasyanov 1990 2002 DNP
(endorsed Ksenia Sobchak and Grigory Yavlinsky)
DNP MJ profile
Website
8 Political party "Democratic Party of Russia"
Политическая партия "Демократическая партия России"
Democratic Party DPR
ДПР
Conservatism Centre-right to right-wing Timur Bogdanov 1990 2012 DNP DNP MJ profile Archived 2021-08-23 at the Wayback Machine
9 Political party "Party of Progress"
Политическая партия "Партия прогресса"
Party of Progress PP
ПП
Nikolay Pakin 2012 2012 DNP DNP MJ profile Archived 2021-09-20 at the Wayback Machine
10 Political party "Russian Party of Freedom and Justice"
Политическая партия "Российская партия свободы и справедливости"
Party of Freedom and Justice RPFJ
РПСС
Social democracy
Russian nationalism
Patriotism
Federalism
Centre-left Maksim Shevchenko 2012 2012 DNP 0.77% (Party list)
0.68% (SMC)
(0 seats)
MJ profile
11 Political party "Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
Политическая Партия "Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»
REP "The Greens"
РЭП «Зелёные»
Putinism
Green politics
Agrarianism
Centre Andrey Nagibin 1993 2012 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
0.91% (Party list)
0.98% (SMC)
(0 seats)
MJ profile Archived 2021-09-03 at the Wayback Machine
Website
12 Political party Communist Party Communists of Russia
Политическая Партия Коммунистическая партия Коммунисты России
Communists of Russia CPCR
КПКР
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism
Anti-revisionism
Far-left Maxim Suraykin 2009 2012 0.68%
(Maxim Suraykin)
1.27% (Party list)
2.98% (SMC)
(0 seats)
MJ profile
Website
13 Public organization — political party "Russian All-People's Union"
Общественная организация — политическая партия "Российский общенародный союз"
Russian All-People's Union ROS
РОС
Russian nationalism
Pochvennichestvo
Social conservatism
Right-wing socialism
Right-wing Sergey Baburin 1991 2012 0.65%
(Sergey Baburin)
DNP MJ profile
Website
14 All-Russian political party "Party for Fairness!"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Партия за справедливость!"
Party for Fairness! PARZAS!
ПАРЗАС!
Social democracy Centre-left Vladimir Ponomarenko 2012 2012 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
DNP MJ profile
Website
15 Political party of Social Protection
Политическая партия социальной защиты
Party of Social Protection PSP
ПСЗ
Vladimir Mikhailov 2012 2012 DNP DNP MJ profile
Website
16 Public organization All-Russian political party "Civilian Power"
Общественная организация Всероссийская политическая партия "Гражданская сила"
Civilian Power CP
ГС
Green liberalism Centre to centre-left Kirill Bykanin 2002 2012 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
0.14% (Party list)
0.16% (SMC)
(0 seats)
MJ profile
Website
17 Political party "Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice"
Политическая партия "Российская партия пенсионеров за социальную справедливость"
Party of Pensioners RPPSJ
РППСС
Pensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politics
Centre Vladimir Burakov 1997 2012 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
2.45% (Party list)
3.58% (SMC)
(0 seats)
MJ profile
Website
18 Political party "Civic Platform"
Политическая партия "Гражданская платформа"
Civic Platform CP
ГП
Conservatism
Liberal conservatism
Economic liberalism
Right-wing Rifat Shaykhutdinov 2012 2012 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
0.15% (Party list)
0.70% (SMC)
(1 seat)
MJ profile Website
19 All-Russian political party "Party of Business"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Партия дела"
Party of Business PB
ПД
Social conservatism
Green politics
Protectionism
Economic nationalism
Left patriotism
Centre to Centre-left Konstantin Babkin 2010 2012 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
DNP MJ profile Website
20 All-Russian political party "Rodina"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Родина"
Rodina
Родина
Russian nationalism
Russian conservatism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism
Far-right Aleksey Zhuravlyov 2003 2012 DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)
0.80% (Party list)
1.51% (SMC)
(1 seat)
MJ profile Website
21 Political party "Cossack Party of the Russian Federation"
Политическая партия "Казачья партия Российской Федерации"
Cossack Party CosPRF
КаПРФ
Cossack interests Nikolay Konstantinov 2013 2013 DNP DNP MJ profile Website
22 All-Russian political party "Civic Initiative"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Гражданская инициатива"
Civic Initiative GRANI
ГРАНИ
Liberalism
Conservative liberalism
Centre-right Andrey Nechayev 2013 2013 1.68%
(Ksenia Sobchak)
DNP MJ profile Website Archived 2020-08-04 at the Wayback Machine
23 Political party "Party of Russia's Rebirth"
Политическая партия "Партия возрождения России"
Party of Russia's Rebirth PRR
ПВР
Democratic socialism Centre-left Igor Ashurbeyli 2002 2013 DNP DNP MJ profile Website
24 Political party "People's Patriotic Party of Russia – Power to the People"
Политическая партия «Народно-патриотическая партия России – Власть Народу»
People's Patriotic Party PPPR
НППР
Vladimir Miloserdov 2018 2018 DNP New MJ profile Website
25 Political party "New People"
Политическая партия «Новые люди»
New People NP
НЛ
Communitarism
Regionalism
Centre-right Alexey Nechayev 2020 2020 New 5.32% (Party list)
4.88% (SMC)
(13 seats)
MJ profile Archived 2021-09-20 at the Wayback Machine Website
26 Political party "Green Alternative"
Политическая партия «Зелёная альтернатива»
Green Alternative GA
ЗА
Green politics
Environmentalism
Pro-Europeanism
Centre-left Ruslan Khvostov 2020 2020 New 0.64% (Party list)
0.22% (SMC)
(0 seats)
MJ profile Website
27 Political party "Party of Direct Democracy"
Политическая партия «Партия прямой демократии»
Party of Direct Democracy PDD
ППД
Direct democracy
E-democracy
Centre-right Oleg Artamonov 2020 2020 New DNP MJ profile Archived 2021-09-20 at the Wayback Machine Website

Soviet parties (1917–1991)

[edit]

CPSU and factions

[edit]
Name Abbr. Leader (s) Ideology Political position Years active
Sole legal party (before 1990)
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза
CPSU
КПСС
Vladimir Lenin
Joseph Stalin
Georgy Malenkov
Nikita Khrushchev
Leonid Brezhnev
Yuri Andropov
Konstantin Chernenko
Mikhail Gorbachev
Vladimir Ivashko
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Far-left 1917–1991
Factions inside the RKP(b), VKP(b) and CPSU
Left Communists
Левые коммунисты
Nikolai Bukharin Left communism
World revolution
1918–1921
Group of Democratic Centralism
Группа демократического централизма
Valerian Osinsky
Timofei Sapronov
Vladimir Smirnov
Andrei Bubnov
Yakov Drobnis
Left communism
Democratic centralism
1919–1923
Workers' Opposition
Рабочая оппозиция
Alexander Shlyapnikov
Sergei Medvedev
Alexandra Kollontai
Yuri Lutovinov
Trade unionism
Council communism
Anti-bureaucratism
1920–1922
Workers' Truth
Рабочая правда
Fanya Shutskever
Efim Shulman
Vladimir Khaikevich
Yakov Budnitsky
Pauline Lass-Kozlova
Oleg Vikman-Beleev
Nellie Krym
Anti-bureaucratism 1921–1923
Right Opposition
Правая оппозиция
Nikolai Bukharin
Alexei Rykov
Mikhail Tomsky
Agrarian socialism
Anti-Stalinism
New Economic Policy
Anti-Collectivization
1921–1933
Left Opposition
Левая оппозиция
Leon Trotsky Trotskyism
Anti-Stalinism
Industrialism
1923–1927
Workers Group of the Russian Communist Party
Рабочая группа Российской коммунистической партии
Gavril Myasnikov Left communism
Anti-bureaucratism
Workplace democracy
1923–1930
United Opposition
Объединённая оппозиция
Leon Trotsky
Grigory Zinoviev
Lev Kamenev
Anti-New Economic Policy
Anti-Stalinism
Industrialism
1926–1933
Left-Right Bloc
Право-левый блок
Vissarion Lominadze
Sergey Syrtsov
Jan Sten
Anti-Stalinism
Anti-Collectivization
1929–1933
Union of Marxist-Leninists
Союз марксистов-ленинцев
Martemyan Ryutin
Vasily Kayurov
Anti-Stalinism 1932–1932
Anti-Party Group of Malenkov, Kaganovich, Molotov and Shepilov, who joined them
Антипартийная группа Маленкова, Кагановича, Молотова и примкнувшего к ним Шепилова
Georgy Malenkov
Lazar Kaganovich
Vyacheslav Molotov
Dmitri Shepilov
Anti-Khrushchevism
Anti-De-Stalinization
1957–1957
Bolshevik Platform
Большевистская платформа
Nina Andreyeva Anti-Perestroika
Neo-Stalinism
Anti-liberalism
1988–1991
Succeeded by VKPB
United Workers' Front
Объединённый фронт трудящихся
Viktor Stepanov
Mikhail Popov
Igor Malyarov
Soviet patriotism
Proletarian internationalism
Anti-separatism
1989–1991
Succeeded by RCWP
Democratic Platform
Демократическая платформа
Yuri Afanasiev
Boris Yeltsin
Telman Gdlyan
Nikolay Ivanov
Nikolay Travkin
Igor Chubais
Vyacheslav Shostakovsky
Alexander Minzhurenko
Perestroika
Democratization
Social liberalism
1989–1991
Succeeded by RPRF
Communist Initiative Movement
Движение коммунистической инициативы
Viktor Tyulkin
Albert Makashov
Foundation of the Russian Communist Party
Anti-capitalism
Left-wing nationalism
1989–1991
Succeeded by RCWP
Marxist Platform
Марксистская платформа
Alexander Buzgalin
Sergey Skvortsov
Alexey Prigarin
Andrey Kolganov
Anatoly Kryuchkov
Orthodox Marxism
Marxism-Leninism
1990–1992
Succeeded by RCWP, RPC and SK
Democratic Movement
Демократическое движение
Anatoly Sobchak
Gavriil Popov
Vladimir Lysenko
Vyacheslav Shostakovsky
Alexander Rutskoy
Social democracy
Democratization
1990–1992
Succeeded by NPSR

Clandestine and illegal parties

[edit]
Name Abbr. Leader (s) Ideology Political position Years active
Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
Партия левых социалистов-революционеров
Left SRs
Левые эсеры
Boris Kamkov
Mark Natanson
Maria Spiridonova
Agrarian socialism
Anti-Bolshevism
Revolutionary socialism
Narodism
Left-wing to far-left 1917–1921
Clandestine since 1918
True Communists
Истинные коммунисты
TC
ИК
Ivan Yatsuk
Yuri Shokk
Alexander Elin
Shamil Gubaidulin
Kamil Salakhutdinov
Marxism
Anti-Stalinism
Left communism
Far-left 1940–1940
Lithuanian Activist Front
Литовский фронт активистов
Lietuvių Aktyvistų Frontas
LAF
ЛФА
Kazys Škirpa Lithuanian independence
Nazism
Anti-communism
antisemitism
Anti-polonism
Far-right 1940–1941
People's Socialist Party of Russia "Viking"
Народная социалистическая партия России «Викинг»
NSPR
НСПР
Konstantin Voskoboinik
Bronislav Kaminski
Nazism
Russian nationalism
Russian collaborationism
antisemitism
Anti-communism
Far-right 1941–1943
Communist Party of Youth
Коммунистическая партия молодёжи
CPM
КПМ
Anatoly Zhigulin Communism
Marxism-Leninism
Anti-Stalinism
Left-wing to far-left 1946–1949
All-Union Democratic Party
Всесоюзная демократическая партия
VDP
ВДП
Alexander Tarasov
Viktor Belkin
Anti-Stalinism
Socialism
Left-wing 1948–1948
Union of Struggle for the Cause of the Revolution
Союз борьбы за дело революции
SBDR
СБДР
Boris Slutsky
Evgeny Gurevich
Vladilen Furman
Anti-Stalinism
Revolutionary socialism
Far-left 1950–1951
Baltic Federation
Балтийская федерация
Baltijas federācija
BF
БФ
Gunārs Rode
Dailis Rijnieks
Jānis Rijnieks
Aina Zābaka
Ziedonis Rozenbergs
Viktors Kalniņš
Uldis Ofkants
Anti-Sovietism
Latvian nationalism
Latvian independence
Right-wing 1957–1962
Soviet Revolutionary Communists (Bolsheviks)
Советские революционеры-коммунисты (большевики)
RC (b)
РК (б)
Stalinism
Anti-revisionism
Marxism–Leninism
Communism
Far-left 1960-1991
National United Party
Национальная объединённая партия
Ազգային Միացյալ Կուսակցություն
NUP
НОП
ԱՄԿ
Haykaz Khachatryan
Paruyr Hayrikyan
Armenian nationalism
Armenian independence
National democracy
Liberalism
Anti-communism
Big tent 1966–1987
Succeeded by UNSD
Free Russia Party
Партия свободной России
Revolutionary Workers' Party
Революционная рабочая партия
PSR
ПСР
RWP
РРП
Victor Pestov
Nikolay Shaburov
Anti-communism
Anti-Sovietism
1968–1970
Group of Revolutionary Communism
Группа революционного коммунизма
GRK
ГРК
Alexander Romanov
Oleg Senin
Valentin Kirikov
Marxism
Social democracy
Left-wing 1972–1972
All-Russian Social-Christian Union for the Liberation of the People
Всероссийский социал-христианский союз освобождения народа
VSKhSON
ВСХСОН
Igor Ogurtsov Anti-communism
Russian nationalism
Social Christianity
Third position
Right-wing to far-right 1972–1972
Socialist Party of Soviet Union
Социалистическая партия Советского Союза
SPSU
СПСС
Alexander Ganyushkin Democratic socialism
Self-governing socialism
Left-wing 1972–1972
Left School
Левая школа
LS
ЛШ
Natalia Magnat
Olga Barash
Inna Okup
Marxism-Leninism
Trotskyism
Atheist existentialism
New Left
Far-left 1972/73–1977
Party of New Communists
Партия новых коммунистов
PNC
РНК
Alexander Tarasov
Vasily Minorsky
Neo-communism
Orthodox Marxism
Marxism-Leninism
Revolutionary socialism
Direct democracy
Trotskyism
Neo-anarchism
Anti-Stalinism
Far-left 1972/73–1977
Neo-Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Неокоммунистическая партия Советского Союза
NCPSU
НКПСС
Alexander Tarasov
Natalia Magnat
Vasily Minorsky
Olga Barash
Igor Dukhanov
Neo-communism
Atheist existentialism
Communism
Guevarism
Neo-Marxism
Anti-clericalism
Trotskyism
New Left
Far-left 1974–1985
Democratic Union
Демократический союз
DU
ДС
Valeriya Novodvorskaya Classical liberalism
Neoliberalism
Laissez-faire
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
Atlanticism
Centre-right 1988–2014

Parties of the multi-party period

[edit]
Name Abbr. Leader (s) Ideology Political position Years active
Democratic Union
Демократический союз
DU
ДС
Valeriya Novodvorskaya Classical liberalism
Neoliberalism
Laissez-faire
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
Atlanticism
Centre-right 1988–2014
Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union
Либерально-демократическая партия Советского Союза
LDPSU
ЛДПСС
Vladimir Bogachov
Vladimir Zhirinovsky
Russian nationalism
Ultranationalism
Right-wing populism
Monarchism
Before 1990:
Liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Right-wing to far-right
Before 1990:
Centre-right
1989–1992
Democratic Party of Russia
Демократическая партия России
DPR
ДПР
Nikolay Travkin Anti-communism
Centrism
Liberalism
Centre-right 1990–1992
Socialist Party
Социалистическая партия
SP
СП
Boris Kagarlitsky
Anatoliy Baranov
Alexander Kolpakidi
Vladimir Kondratov
Democratic socialism
Self-governing socialism
Left-wing 1990–1992
Social Democratic Party of Russia
Социал-демократическая партия России
SDPR
СДПР
Pavel Kudyukin
Oleg Rumyantsev
Alexander Obolensky
Social democracy
Social liberalism
Democratic socialism
Centre-left 1990–2011
All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks
Всесоюзная Коммунистическая партия большевиков
VKPB
ВКПБ
Nina Andreyeva Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Bolshevism
Anti-revisionism
Stalinism
Far-left 1991–
  1. ^ "Список зарегистрированных политических партий - Минюст России". minjust.ru. Archived from the original on 2020-09-13. Retrieved 2020-09-09.
  2. ^ https://digitaldem.ru/2021/09/20/partiya-prjamoj-demokratii-proshla-v-zaksobranije-eao/ Партия прямой демократии прошла в заксобрание Еврейской автономной области