User:Kmcfar HIS475/sandbox

WIt can be helpful to copy and paste the text below into a sandbox, and apply all of the options directly to this text to see what it does.

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Article Evaluation

I am evaluating the article on Ethel Byrne. It is rated as a C-Class biography article, and it is a short article. The opening section mainly speaks of her family, not of her work or impact. Her "Later Years" only speak of her as someone with less of a legacy than her sister. There are many references, but several of the references are used many times, such as The Secret History of Wonder Woman and Margaret Sanger: A life of Passion. Her nursing career is discussed only very briefly, as is the discussion of her contributions to the birth control clinics in Brooklyn. She is referred to twice as a "radical" feminist, which may or may not be biased.

Article Selection

Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims

I am considering adding to the page Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims, which is under WikiProject Books, WikiProject Women's History, WikiProject Indigenous Peoples of North America, and WikiProject Women writers. It is rated High-importance and Stub class. On Sarah Winnemucca's Wikipedia page (found here), there is a link to the full text of the book, but the link is not on the Wikipedia page for the book itself. Additionally, I know that the Wikipedia pages of some memoir-style books, such as I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou or The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, have book synopses, background and publication information, and reflections on criticisms and legacy. While there are many references listed for Life Among the Paiutes, there is very little information given on the page, and the references are applied very generally to the paragraph that is written, instead of to specific pieces of information. The references listed seem to have interesting analyses of the book, such as its potentially political purposes (discussed in the journal articles "I Would Rather Be with My People, but Not to Live with Them as They Live": Cultural Liminality and Double Consciousness in Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins's "Life among the Piutes: Their Wrongs and Claims" and "Her "Wrongs and Claims": Sarah Winnemucca's Strategic Narratives of Abuse"). Additionally, we read in our own textbook an article that extensively discusses the autobiography. It may be difficult to add to this page without reading the actual book, and the references that I referred to do seem to have strong opinions.

Gladys Nichols Milton

Another page that I am considering editing is the page for Gladys Nichols Milton, an esteemed midwife from Florida during the 20th century. This page is rated Stub class, and Mid-Importance, and is associated with WikiProject Biography/Science and Academia, WikiProject African diaspora, WikiProject Women's Health, WikiProject Women's History, and WikiProject Florida. Her page has very little information about her early life, and glosses vaguely over the arsons and the suspension of her license in the 1980s. There is more information about the legislation that made her midwifery illegal that could be mentioned, and a small amount of additional information about the racial implications of her birthing clinic.

Sophia Kleegman

The page for OB/GYN physician Sophia Kleegman is rated as Mid-importance and Start class, and is listed as part of the WikiProject Biography/Science and Academia, WikiProject Russia, WikiProject United States, WikiProject Women Scientists, WikiProject Women's Health, and WikiProject Medicine. This page draws heavily from just one of its three sources, and the information could potentially be organized better; it currently is categorized primarily into "Biography" and "Personal Life." Along with drawing more information from the references provided in the short article, more about Kleegman's life could potentially be found and referenced from various other sources.

Ethel Byrne

It might also be worthwhile to edit the Ethel Byrne page, for the reasons I discussed above in the Article Evaluation section. Her page is rated as Low-importance and C-class, but I think that her story is very important, considering that she was force-fed in prison, and her legacy tends to be masked by that of her sister, Margaret Sanger. There is more biographical information to be found about her from various sources.

Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women

The page for the Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women definitely needs editing, as well. It is rated as a High-importance, Start class page, and only draws from two sources. It does not properly reference those sources throughout the article. There are several scholarly sources that discuss the legacy and implications of the declaration.

Drafting Edits

Notes from Sources: Finding information to contribute

Her "Wrongs and Claims": Sarah Winnemucca's Strategic Narratives of Abuse by Margo Lukens

• Questions of book's reliability; tells of horrible abuse on Piutes by U.S. government, possibly in order to gain the favor of white readers. Call to sign a petition to Congress; can't be classified as autobiography or ethnohistory
• Appeals to wide white audience; boosts her reliability/ trustworthiness by referencing her work with white people and her familiarity and assimilation with the white U.S. culture; "meant to move readers to political action".
• 1866, her people asked her to help stop attacks from white settlers because she could speak English
• 1883-1884, she wrote the book on the East Coast (she was there doing lectures for Paiute advocacy in English) with help from Mary Peabody Mann.
• Winnemucca made it clear in her lectures that she felt no agency over changing U.S. policy; needed help from the white citizens
• The narrative covers 40 years of her life; draws emotion from readers with stories of abuse and families being torn apart in order to prompt political action
• Critics say she was too assimilated and biased (American culture and Christianization) for someone who was advocating for her people, arguing for similarities between Paiutes and white Americans; purpose-driven narrative to fight for promotion of her own integrity/ integrity of her people.
• More acceptance/ detail accuracy after biographies were written (Gehm [1975], Morrison [1980], Canfield [1983]).
• Winnemucca used pathos/ sympathy-inducing tone in telling stories of individual abuses to draw in connection with white audience
• Narrative begins with chapter called "First Meeting of Piutes and Whites"; her grandfather Truckee has welcoming attitude towards "white brothers"; Sarah a bit later sees the white men's intentions to harm women and children Paiute
• Narratives of hiding from white men; vulnerability of her sister; possibly using emotional narratives to fight stereotype of stoicalness of Natives. Presents herself and strong and resistant in face of potential abuse/ attack.
• Paiute peoples' lack of knowledge of English language and American culture made them vulnerable; Sarah at a tricky position because she was an employee of the government (interpreter) so had to witness abuse of her people without taking action
• "Oh my dear good Christian people, how long are you going to stand by and see us suffer at your hands?"

"I Would Rather Be with My People, but Not to Live with Them as They Live" Cultural Liminality and Double Consciousness in Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins's "Life among the Piutes: Their Wrongs and Claims" by Noreen Groover Lape

• Lectured on East Coast about "federal Indian policies and reservation corruption"; political intentions behind autobiography -- reach out and inform white Americans and raise money for Paiutes.
• Her English language abilities, written and spoken, are critical in advocating for her people
• She exists culturally between her Paiute people and the encroaching Anglo-Americans
• Winnemucca's patrons were both Elizabeth Palmer Peabody and Mary Peabody Mann (sisters)
• Uses her power as a person at the edges of both societies to act as a "politically savvy mediator"
• Conflict of overcoming/ excluding herself from stereotypes while progressing her cause for her people
• Attempts to restructure the idea of the Northern Paiutes as "savages"; "... calls into question cultural binaries that reduce groups to stereotypes"

"Voices from the Gaps: Sarah Winnemucca Hopkins" by Christian Dela Cruz and Katie Kipp

• Fights stereotypes of savagery of Northern Paiutes in her autobiography; a desire for peace between Whites and her people, and rights
• Tone: very emotional and detailed --> gain sympathy and incite feelings of responsibility from readers
• "...reads more like a “plea for understanding” or even a “cry for help” instead of a life memoirs"

Additions to original paragraph

Original text: "Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims is an 1883 book by Sarah Winnemucca. It is both an autobiographic memoir and history of the Paiute people during their first forty years of contact with European Americans. It is considered the "first known autobiography written by a Native American woman." Anthropologist Omer Stewart described it as "one of the first and one of the most enduring ethnohistorical books written by an American Indian," frequently cited by scholars."

My draft:

Overview

Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims is a book that was written by Sarah Winnemucca in 1883. It is both an autobiographic memoir and a history of the Paiute people during their first forty years of contact with European Americans. It is considered the "first known autobiography written by a Native American woman." Anthropologist Omer Stewart described it as "one of the first and one of the most enduring ethnohistorical books written by an American Indian," frequently cited by scholars. Winnemucca wrote Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims while she was doing lectures on the East Coast of the United States, advocating in the English language for the rights of the Northern Paiute people, and she was assisted in the funding, editing, and publishing of the book by sisters Elizabeth Palmer Peabody and Mary Peabody Mann.

Addition of new header -- "Table of Contents"

The book is formatted into the chapters listed below:

I. First Meeting of Piutes and Whites

II. Domestic and Social Moralities.

III. Wars and Their Causes

IV. Captain Truckee's Death.

V. Reservation of Pyramid and Muddy Lakes.

VI. The Malheur Agency

VII. The Bannock War

VIII. The Yakima Affair

Addition of new header -- "Political Intentions"

Winnemucca had been working as an advocate, diplomat, and interpreter for the Paiute people, utilizing her ability to speak English, since 1866. Her frequent interactions with and work alongside among the Anglo-Americans empowered her to act as a "politically savvy mediator" between the two cultures. In the face of marginalization by the U.S. government, violence by white settlers, and stereotypes of "savagery" that many Anglo-Americans held against her people, Winnemucca's intentions in writing Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims were candidly political. The purposes were to inform white audiences about the oppression of the Northern Paiutes, raise monetary support for her people, and defuse ethnically divisive stereotypes. The book ends with a supplication to her readers to sign a petition to the U.S. Congress requesting for the return of a piece of land to the Paiutes, uses strong pathos and detailed, emotionally-heavy imagery in describing the difficulties of reservation life, and calls for white audience responsibility with quotes such as "Oh my dear good Christian people, how long are you going to stand by and see us suffer at your hands?". For these reasons, the reliability of Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims as a purely autobiographical work has been questioned.

Addition of new header, to be inserted below references -- "Full Text"

The full e-text of this work can be found here.

Editting

I added my drafts to the Life Among the Paiutes: Their Wrongs and Claims page beginning on Thursday, December 6, 2018. Another edit I made to the page that is hard to depict in my sandbox is that I deleted the many unused references that were on the original page. Additionally, I made minor edits to the info box on the right of the page (the publication date was listed twice, and the genre "memoir" was not capitalized). There is definitely more that could be added to this Wikipedia page, but I did not want to be repetitive of Sarah Winnemucca's personal page.