過度
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See also: 过度
Chinese
[edit]to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker) to cross; to go over; (experienced action marker); to pass; to celebrate; to live; to get along; excessively; too- |
capacity; degree; standard | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (過度) | 過 | 度 | |
simp. (过度) | 过 | 度 | |
anagram | 度過/度过 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gwo3 dou6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ko-thu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ku-du
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛˋ ㄉㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guòdù
- Wade–Giles: kuo4-tu4
- Yale: gwò-dù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guohduh
- Palladius: году (godu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 過度/过度
過渡/过渡
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko-thu
- Hakka Romanization System: go tu
- Hagfa Pinyim: go4 tu4
- Sinological IPA: /ko⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kè-tō͘
- Tâi-lô: kè-tōo
- Phofsit Daibuun: kea'do
- IPA (Taipei): /ke¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen): /ke²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèr-tō͘
- Tâi-lô: kèr-tōo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe-tō͘
- Tâi-lô: kuè-tōo
- Phofsit Daibuun: koea'do
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: guê3 dou7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kuè tōu
- Sinological IPA (key): /kue²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tou¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
- Wu
Adjective
[edit]過度
Synonyms
[edit]Adverb
[edit]過度
Derived terms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
過 | 度 |
か Grade: 5 |
ど Grade: 3 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]/kwado/ → /kado/
From Middle Chinese compound 過度/过度 (kwaH duH , literally “to pass, to go too far + measure, degree”). Compare modern Mandarin reading guòdù, or Min Nan kè-tō͘.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]過度 • (kado) ←くわど (kwado)?-na (adnominal 過度な (kado na), adverbial 過度に (kado ni))
Usage notes
[edit]Often used as a noun modifying another noun, with the particle の (no), rather than with the adjectival particle な (na). Compare the use of English excess and excessive.
- 過度のストレス、過度の食欲
- kado no sutoresu, kado no shokuyoku
- excess[ive] stress, excess[ive] appetite
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of 過度
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 過度だろ | かどだろ | kado daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 過度で | かどで | kado de |
Terminal (終止形) | 過度だ | かどだ | kado da |
Attributive (連体形) | 過度な | かどな | kado na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 過度なら | かどなら | kado nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 過度であれ | かどであれ | kado de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 過度ではない 過度じゃない |
かどではない かどじゃない |
kado de wa nai kado ja nai |
Informal past | 過度だった | かどだった | kado datta |
Informal negative past | 過度ではなかった 過度じゃなかった |
かどではなかった かどじゃなかった |
kado de wa nakatta kado ja nakatta |
Formal | 過度です | かどです | kado desu |
Formal negative | 過度ではありません 過度じゃありません |
かどではありません かどじゃありません |
kado de wa arimasen kado ja arimasen |
Formal past | 過度でした | かどでした | kado deshita |
Formal negative past | 過度ではありませんでした 過度じゃありませんでした |
かどではありませんでした かどじゃありませんでした |
kado de wa arimasen deshita kado ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 過度で | かどで | kado de |
Conditional | 過度なら(ば) | かどなら(ば) | kado nara (ba) |
Provisional | 過度だったら | かどだったら | kado dattara |
Volitional | 過度だろう | かどだろう | kado darō |
Adverbial | 過度に | かどに | kado ni |
Degree | 過度さ | かどさ | kadosa |
Stem forms | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 過度なら | かどなら | kadonara | |
Continuative (連用形) | 過度に[1] 過度なり[2] |
かどに かどなり |
kadoni kadonari | |
Terminal (終止形) | 過度なり | かどなり | kadonari | |
Attributive (連体形) | 過度なる | かどなる | kadonaru | |
Realis (已然形) | 過度なれ | かどなれ | kadonare | |
Imperative (命令形) | 過度なれ | かどなれ | kadonare | |
Key constructions | ||||
Negative | 過度ならず | かどならず | kadonarazu | |
Contrasting conjunction | 過度なれど | かどなれど | kadonaredo | |
Causal conjunction | 過度なれば | かどなれば | kadonareba | |
Conditional conjunction | 過度ならば | かどならば | kadonaraba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 過度なりき | かどなりき | kadonariki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 過度なりけり | かどなりけり | kadonarikeri | |
Adverbial | 過度に | かどに | kadoni | |
[1]Without auxiliary verb. [2]With auxiliary verb. |
Noun
[edit]References
[edit]- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
過 | 度 |
Adjective
[edit]過度
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