denken
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch denken, from Old Dutch thenken, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *teng-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]denken
- (intransitive) to think [with aan ‘about, of’]
- Ik denk vaak aan mijn vriendin. ― I often think about my girlfriend.
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of denken (weak with past in -cht) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | denken | |||
past singular | dacht | |||
past participle | gedacht | |||
infinitive | denken | |||
gerund | denken n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | denk | dacht | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | denkt, denk2 | dacht | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | denkt | dacht | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | denkt | dacht | ||
3rd person singular | denkt | dacht | ||
plural | denken | dachten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | denke | dachte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | denken | dachten | ||
imperative sing. | denk | |||
imperative plur.1 | denkt | |||
participles | denkend | gedacht | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: dink, denk
- Jersey Dutch: dänke
- Negerhollands: denk, dink, diṅk, diṅg, diṅ
- → Aukan: denki
- → Sranan Tongo: denki
Anagrams
[edit]German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German denken, from Old High German thenken, denken, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *teng-.
Cognate with Bavarian denkn, denka, Dutch denken, Low German denken, dinken, West Frisian tinke, English think, Icelandic þekkja.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈdɛŋkən/, [ˈdɛŋkən], [ˈdɛŋʔŋ̍]
Audio (Germany): (file) Audio (Germany): (file) Audio (Germany): (file) Audio (Austria): (file)
Verb
[edit]denken (irregular weak, third-person singular present denkt, past tense dachte, past participle gedacht, past subjunctive dächte, auxiliary haben)
- (intransitive or rarely transitive) to think [with an (+ accusative) ‘about something’ or (rare) accusative ‘something, e.g. a thought’]
- Ich denke, also bin ich.
- I think, therefore I am.
- Er denkt gewichtige Dinge.
- He is thinking weighty thoughts.
- Ich denke an früher.
- I am thinking about the past.
- (intransitive) not to forget; to remember [with an (+ accusative) ‘something to be brought along, etc.’]
- Denk an den Schlüssel!
- Don’t forget the key.
- (transitive, dative reflexive) to imagine
- Das kann ich mir denken.
- I can imagine that.
- Ich denke ihn mir als bärtigen Einsiedler.
- I imagine him as a bearded hermit.
- (transitive, dative reflexive) to think, to believe, to assume, to conjecture
- Ja, das dachte ich mir.
- Yes, I thought so.
Usage notes
[edit]Denken originally took a genitive object (ich denke deiner instead of ich denke an dich). This usage is now archaic.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | denken | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | denkend | ||||
past participle | gedacht | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich denke | wir denken | i | ich denke | wir denken |
du denkst | ihr denkt | du denkest | ihr denket | ||
er denkt | sie denken | er denke | sie denken | ||
preterite | ich dachte | wir dachten | ii | ich dächte1 | wir dächten1 |
du dachtest | ihr dachtet | du dächtest1 | ihr dächtet1 | ||
er dachte | sie dachten | er dächte1 | sie dächten1 | ||
imperative | denk (du) denke (du) |
denkt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “denken” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “denken” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “denken” in Duden online
- “denken” in OpenThesaurus.de
denken on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de
Low German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Saxon thenkian, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *teng-.
Verb
[edit]denken (third-person singular simple present denkt, past tense dach, past participle dacht, auxiliary verb hebben)
- to think
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | denken | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | denk | dach |
2nd person singular | denks(t) | dachs(t) |
3rd person singular | denk(t) | dach |
plural | denkt, denken | dachen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | denk(e) | |
plural | denkt | |
participle | present | past |
denken | (e)dacht, gedacht | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Luxembourgish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German denken, from Old High German denken, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]denken (third-person singular present denkt, preterite duecht or duet, past participle geduecht or geduet, past subjunctive diecht, auxiliary verb hunn)
- to think
Conjugation
[edit]Irregular with past tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | denken | |||
participle | geduecht | |||
auxiliary | hunn | |||
present indicative |
past indicative |
conditional | imperative | |
1st singular | denken | duecht | diecht | — |
2nd singular | denks | duechts | diechts | denk |
3rd singular | denkt | duecht | diecht | — |
1st plural | denken | duechten | diechten | — |
2nd plural | denkt | duecht | diecht | denkt |
3rd plural | denken | duechten | diechten | — |
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. |
Derived terms
[edit]Middle Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Dutch thenken, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]denken
- to think
Inflection
[edit]Weak | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | denken | |
3rd sg. past | — | |
3rd pl. past | — | |
Past participle | — | |
Infinitive | denken | |
In genitive | denkens | |
In dative | denkene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | denke | — |
2nd singular | dencs, denkes | — |
3rd singular | denct, denket | — |
1st plural | denken | — |
2nd plural | denct, denket | — |
3rd plural | denken | — |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | denke | — |
2nd singular | dencs, denkes | — |
3rd singular | denke | — |
1st plural | denken | — |
2nd plural | denct, denket | — |
3rd plural | denken | — |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | denc, denke | |
Plural | denct, denket | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | denkende | — |
Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “denken (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “denken”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle Low German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Saxon thenkian, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną. Cognate with Dutch denken and English think.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]denken
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Mòcheno
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German denken, from Old High German denken, from Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną (“to perceive, think”). Cognate with German denken, English think.
Verb
[edit]denken
- to think
References
[edit]- “denken” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Old High German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *þankijan, from Proto-Germanic *þankijaną, akin to Old Saxon thenkian, Old Dutch thenken, Old English þencan, Old Norse þekkja, Gothic 𐌸𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þagkjan).
Verb
[edit]denken
- to think
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | denken | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | denku | dahta |
2nd person singular | denkis, denkist | dahtōs, denktōst |
3rd person singular | denkit | dahta |
1st person plural | denkem, denkemēs | dahtum, dahtumēs |
2nd person plural | denket | dahtut |
3rd person plural | denkent | dahtun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | denke | dahti |
2nd person singular | denkēs, denkēst | dahtīs, dahtīst |
3rd person singular | denke | dahti |
1st person plural | denkēm, denkēn, denkemēs | dahtīm, dahtīn, dahtīmēs |
2nd person plural | denkēt | dahtīt |
3rd person plural | denkēn | dahtīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | denki | |
plural | denket | |
participle | present | past |
denkenti | gidaht |
Descendants
[edit]- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛŋkən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛŋkən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch intransitive verbs
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch weak verbs (-cht)
- Dutch basic verbs
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German irregular weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German intransitive verbs
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- Low German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Low German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Low German lemmas
- Low German verbs
- Low German weak verbs
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Middle High German
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish 2-syllable words
- Luxembourgish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish verbs
- Luxembourgish verbs using hunn as auxiliary
- Luxembourgish verbs with past tense
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch verbs
- Middle Dutch weak verbs
- Middle Low German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- Middle Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Middle Low German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Low German lemmas
- Middle Low German verbs
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Mòcheno terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teng- (think)
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Middle High German
- Mòcheno terms derived from Middle High German
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Old High German
- Mòcheno terms derived from Old High German
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Mòcheno lemmas
- Mòcheno verbs
- mhn:Thinking
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German verbs
- Old High German class 1 weak verbs