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鱼类智力

维基百科,自由的百科全书

鱼类智力是指鱼类的大腦記憶以及處理信息的能力[1]。根据麥覺理大學的Culum Brown的说法,鱼其實很聪明,這方面超出了人們的預期。在许多领域,如记忆,它们的认知能力与包括非人类灵长类在内的高等脊椎动物旗鼓相當,甚至還能超越它們[2]

记忆

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一些研究表明,鱼类可以記住一些信息,並且數月或數年之內都不會忘記[3]。例如有些个别鲤鱼被人釣上岸後再放歸大自然,之後會更難被釣上岸[4][5]。这表明鱼有了慘痛回憶後,有所警覺,因此变得不那么容易被釣上岸[6]。这种学习能力在蓋斑鬥魚中也所體現,它们會避開曾經遭遇掠食者的地方,并且數月之間都不會再來到此處[7]

参考文献

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  1. ^ Humphreys, L.G. The construct of general intelligence. Intelligence. 1979, 3 (2): 105–120. doi:10.1016/0160-2896(79)90009-6. 
  2. ^ Brown, Culum (2004) Animal minds: Not just a pretty face页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆New scientist, 2451: 42-43.
  3. ^ Reebs, S.G. (2008) Long-term memory in fishes页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Retrieved 9 July 2014.
  4. ^ Beukema, J.J. (1970). Angling experiments with carp: decreased catchability through one trial learning. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 20: 81–92.
  5. ^ Beukema, J.J. & Vos, G.J. (1974). Experimental tests of a basic assumption of the capture-recapture method in pond populations of carp Cyprinus carpio L.. Journal of Fish Biology, 6(3): 317.
  6. ^ Raat, A.J.P. (1985). Analysis of angling vulnerability of common carp, Cyprinus carp /0 L., in catch-and-release angling in ponds. Aquaculture Research, 16(2): 171-187.
  7. ^ Czanyi, V. & Doka, A. (1993). Learning interactions between prey and predator fish. Marine Behavior and Physiology, 23: 63–78.