拉希馬·巴努
外观
拉希馬·巴努 | |
---|---|
রহিমা বানু বেগুম | |
1975年時確診主天花病毒的拉希瑪·巴努 | |
英文名 | Rahima Banu |
出生 | |
知名于 | 最後一名自然感染主天花病毒的病人 |
拉希馬·巴努·貝古姆(孟加拉語:রহিমা বানু বেগুম,英語:Rahima Banu Begum;1972年10月16日—)[1]是已知最後一名自然感染主天花病毒(學名:Variola major)的病人。該類型天花最常見且較致命。[2][3]
感染疾病的過程
[编辑]1975年10月16日,巴努在三歲生日時於孟加拉国巴里薩爾縣波拉島內的村落庫拉里亞(Kuralia)被確診罹患主天花病毒。[4][5][6]當時一位八歲女童比爾基蘇內莎將巴努送往診所,其後她獲得了250塔卡作為送往診所的酬勞。[7][8]在確診患有天花病毒後,她的病例經由電報轉發予當時負責帶領世界卫生组织撲滅此一疾病的醫生——唐納德·亨德森。[9]世界衛生組織派遣部份人員到當地診斷巴努的病情並且作出治療,最後她於1975年11月24日被宣佈完全康復。[10]從她身上採集的天花皮痂被運送到美国疾病控制与预防中心的總部亚特兰大,而她的皮痂目前與數百個病毒樣本共同儲存於總部內。[11]島上的所有可能和她有親密接觸的居民均被安排接種疫苗,而整個島內均被當局搜查,以找出其他和巴努有親密接觸的人。[12]樣本內的毒株的正式名称为「孟加拉1975」,俗称「拉希馬毒株」。[13]
現況
[编辑]巴努讓人拍攝她的照片為家裡掙錢。[14]根據她在2009年接受的訪問,巴努表示她在18歲時與一位農夫結婚,兩人育有四名孩子。她在訪問中表示,由於村民皆知她曾罹患天花,她因此受到村民和姻親不公平的對待。[15][16]
另見
[编辑]參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ Goodfield, June. A Chance to Live. Macmillan Publishing Company. 1991-01-01: 4 [2019-09-01]. ISBN 9780025446557. (原始内容存档于2021-11-18) (英语).
- ^ Tucker, Jonathan B. Scourge: The Once and Future Threat of Smallpox. Grove Press. 2016-12-09: 112 [2019-09-01]. ISBN 9780802139399. (原始内容存档于2021-11-18) (英语).
- ^ Pendergrast, Mark. Inside the Outbreaks: The Elite Medical Detectives of the Epidemic Intelligence Service. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 1 January 2010: 157 [2019-09-01]. ISBN 0151011206. (原始内容存档于2021-11-18) (英语).
- ^ Hopkins, Donald R. The Greatest Killer: Smallpox in History. University of Chicago Press. 2002-09-15. ISBN 9780226351681 (英语).
- ^ Huber, Peter. The Cure in the Code: How 20th Century Law is Undermining 21st Century Medicine. Basic Books. 2013-11-12. ISBN 0465069819 (英语).
- ^ Kelley, Bob. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Arcadia Publishing. 2015-02-16: 62. ISBN 9781439649466 (英语).
- ^ Goodfield, June. Quest for the Killers. Birkhauser. 1985-09 [2017-10-26]. ISBN 978-0-8176-3313-4 (英语).
- ^ Image caption of U.S. Centers for Disease Control Public Health Image LibraryC image number 7762 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Henderson, D.A. Interview with D.A. Henderson, sourced at History of Vaccines website. College of Physicians of Philadelphia. 2010-10-15 [2010-10-15]. (原始内容存档于2010-10-07).
- ^ Joarder, A. Kashem; Tarantola, D.; Tulloch, J. The eradication of smallpox from Bangladesh. World Health Organization, South-East Asia Regional Office. 1980-01-01: 48. ISBN 9789290221081 (英语).
- ^ McKenna, Maryn. Beating Back the Devil: On the Front Lines with the Disease Detectives of. Simon and Schuster. 2008-06-17. ISBN 9781439104958 (英语).
- ^ Preston, Richard. The Demon in the Freezer. Random House. 2003-01-01: 91. ISBN 9780345466631 (英语).
- ^ Felker, Clay. The Best American Magazine Writing 2000. PublicAffairs. 2000-01-01: 82. ISBN 158648009X (英语).[失效連結]
- ^ Kotar, S. L.; Gessler, J. E. Smallpox: A History. McFarland. 2013-04-12: 374. ISBN 9780786468232 (英语).
- ^ Asia Marks 30 Years since World Declared Free of Smallpox. Voice of America. 2009-11-02 [2014-01-13]. (原始内容存档于2014-01-14).
- ^ See also Image caption of U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Image Library image number 7765 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- ^ Garrett, Laurie. The Coming Plague: Newly Emerging Diseases in a World Out of Balance. Macmillan. 31 October 1994: 45. ISBN 9781429953276 (英语).
- ^ Docherty, Campbell; Foulkes, Caroline. Toxic SHOCK; Twenty five years ago a disease that many thought was dead and gone reared its head in Birmingham: smallpox. Campbell Docherty and Caroline Foulkes look back at the 1978 outbreak and ask if it could ever happen again. - Free Online Library. www.thefreelibrary.com. [2019-09-07]. (原始内容存档于2013-02-04) (英语).
外部鏈結
[编辑]- 關於庫拉利亞村落的介紹 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)