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* uk (Ukrainian) |
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* uk (Ukrainian) |
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* uz (Uzbek) |
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* uz (Uzbek) |
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* vec (Venetian) |
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* vi (Vietnamese) Typically lowercase these days, but may be capitalized. |
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* vi (Vietnamese) Typically lowercase these days, but may be capitalized. |
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* wa (Walloon) |
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* wa (Walloon) |
This page is a documentation of the use of capitalization in page titles on Wiktionary. Particular emphasis is placed on this project, a dictionary project where definitions should not be capitalized.
Capitalization of Wiktionaries
- Note, the automatic capitalization has been turned off since 2006 for all Wiktionaries.
The following Wiktionaries differentiate capitalized words with non-capitalized words in page titles:
- af (Afrikaans)
- als (Alemanic)
- ar (Arabic)
- ast (Asturian)
- br (Breton)
- ca (Catalan)
- cs (Czech)
- de (German)
- dsb (Lower Sorbian)
- en (English)
- eo (Esperanto)
- es (Spanish)
- fa (Persian)
- fi (Finnish)
- fo (Feroese)
- fr (French)
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- ga (Irish)
- gu (Gujarati)
- hi (Hindi)
- hr (Croatian)
- hsb (Upper Sorbian)
- hu (Hungarian)
- hy (Armenian)
- is (Icelandic)
- it (Italian)
- ja (Japanese)
- ka (Georgian)
- kn (Kannada)
- ku (Kurdish)
- mk (Macedonian)
- ml (Malayalam)
- mr (Marathi)
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- nl (Dutch)
- no (Norwegian)
- pl (Polish)
- ru (Russian)
- sa (Sanskrit)
- scn (Sicilian)
- sq (Albanian)
- sv (Swedish)
- sw (Kiswahili)
- te (Telugu)
- tr (Turkish)
- ur (Urdu)
- vi (Vietnamese)
- zh (Chinese)
- sd (Sindhi)
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Languages without capitalization
Languages that do not have capital letters in their usual script:
- ka (modern Georgian: Mkedruli-only)
- he (Hebrew)
- ar (Arabic)
- fa (Persian)
- ha (Haussa)
- ps (Pashto)
- ug (Uyghur)
- ur (Urdu)
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- All Indian languages
- as (Assamese)
- be (Bengali)
- gu (Gujarati)
- hi (Hindi: Devanagari)
- kn (Kannada)
- ml (Malayalam)
- mr (Marathi)
- pa (Panjabi: Gurmukhi)
- sa (Sanskrit: Devanagari)
- te (Telugu)
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- ko (Korean)
- bo (Tibetan)
- km (Kmer)
- lo (Lao)
- th (Thai)
- ja (Japanese)
- Remark: Kana and Kanji (CJK-letter) has no capitalization. But Roma-ji does capitalize proper nouns. So ja:日本 is not nihon but Nihon in Roma-ji.
- zh (Chinese)
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Languages with capitalization
Languages that have capital letters:
Capitalization of language names
Languages that capitalize language names (i.e. English vs. english):
- af (Afrikaans)
- cy (Welsh)
- de (German) Note that in „man spricht Deutsch“ = "one speaks German", the noun "Deutsch" is capitalized, but in „die deutsche Sprache“ = "the German language", the adjective "deutsche" is not capitalized.
- bar (Bavarian, Austrian, Tyrolian)
- gsw (Allemannic, Suebian, Alsatian, Swiss German)
- ksh (Kölsch (Ripuarian))
- lb (Luxemburgian)
- nds (low German)
- pfl (Palatinian)
- en (English)
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- ga (Irish)
- id (Indonesian)
- la (Latin) Note: "lingua" is not part of the language name, but is essentially like the Wikipedia disambiguating convention: "Spanish language" = "lingua Hispanica".
- li (Limburgish)
- nl (Dutch)
- sco (Scots)
- tr (Turkish)
- vi (Vietnamese) Same as Latin: "tiếng Việt", "tiếng Latinh"; however, an alternative style is of the form "Việt ngữ", "Anh ngữ", which does need to be capitalized.
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Languages that do not capitalize language names:
- ast (Asturian)
- be (Belarusian)
- bg (Bulgarian)
- bs (Bosnian)
- br (Breton)
- ca (Catalan)
- cs (Czech)
- da (Danish)
- dsb (Lower Sorbian)
- eo (Esperanto)
- Some users capitalize language names that are standalone nouns, such as eo:Sanskrito vs. eo:angla lingvo; some other users capitalize only eo:Esperanto, on the basis that it is derived from a en:anthroponym / en:pseudonym.
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- et (Estonian)
- fi (Finnish)
- fr (French)
- hr (Croatian)
- hsb (Upper Sorbian)
- hu (Hungarian)
- hy (Armenian)
- is (Icelandic)
- it (Italian)
- lt (Lithuanian)
- lv (Latvian)
- mk (Macedonian)
- nap (Neapolitan)
- no (Norwegian)
- Applies to both standards of Norwegian: bokmål and nynorsk.
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- pl (Polish)
- pt (Portuguese)
- ro (Romanian)
- ru (Russian)
- sh (Serbo-Croatian)
- sr (Serbian)
- es (Spanish)
- sv (Swedish)
- tg (Tajiki)
- uk (Ukrainian)
- uz (Uzbek)
- vec (Venetian)
- wa (Walloon)
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Capitalization of names of peoples
Languages that always capitalize names of peoples, either as nouns or as adjectives (e.g. the Germans = the German people):
- br (Breton)
- cy (Welsh)
- dsb (Lower Sorbian)
- nl (Dutch)
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- en (English)
- ga (Irish)
- hsb (Upper Sorbian)
- id (Indonesian)
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- la (Latin)
- sco (Scots)
- vi (Vietnamese) — "dân Anh", "người Anh"
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Languages that capitalize names of peoples only as nouns but not as adjectives (e.g. the Germans = the german people); these languages often make distinction between the capitalized noun for nationality and the adjective for culture (origin, language spoken):
- bar (Bavarian, Austrian, Tyrolian)
- bs (Bosnian) — as in Englezi [the English], but not in engleski narod [the english people]
- cs (Czech) — as in Angličané [the English], but not in anglický lid [the english people]
- de (German) — as in die Engländer [the English], but not in das englische Volk [the english people]
- fr (French) — as in les Allemands [the Germans], but not in le peuple allemand [the german people]
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- gsw (Allemannic, Suebian, Alsatian, Swiss German)
- hr (Croatian), similar to the Bosnian system of capitalization
- li (Limburgish)
- ksh (Kölsch (Ripuarian))
- lb (Lŭemburgian)
- mk (Macedonian) — as in Англичани [the English], but not in англиски народ [the english people]
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- nds (low German)
- pl (Polish) — Anglik [Englishman], but angielski naród [the English nation]
- pfl (Palatinian)
- sh (Serbo-Croatian) — as in Englezi [the English], but not in engleski narod [the english people]
- sk (Slovak) — as in Angličania [the English], but not in anglický ľud [the english people]
- sr (Serbian) — as in Englezi [the English'], but not in engleski narod [the english people]
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Languages that do not capitalize names of peoples:
- ast (Asturian)
- bg (Bulgarian)
- ca (Catalan)
- da (Danish)
- eo (Esperanto)
- fi (Finnish)
- hu (Hungarian)
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- hy (Armenian)
- it (Italian)
- lt (Lithuanian)
- lv (Latvian)
- nap (Neapolitan)
- no (Norwegian)
- Applies to both standards of Norwegian: bokmål and nynorsk.
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- pt (Portuguese)
- ro (Romanian)
- ru (Russian)
- sv (Swedish)
- es (Spanish)
- uk (Ukrainian)
- uz (Uzbek)
- vec (Venetian)
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To be classified:
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- mdf (Moksha)
- oc (Occitan)
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- tt (Tatar)
- vls (West Flemish)
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Capitalization of month names
Languages that capitalize month names (i.e. March vs. march):
- af (Afrikaans)
- br (Breton)
- cy (Welsh) The word mis (the month of) before a month name is not normally capitalized except in titles, but it is not an error if it is capitalized.
- el (Modern Greek)
- en (English)
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- de (German)
- bar (Bavarian, Austrian, Tyrolian)
- gsw (Allemannic, Suebian, Alsatian, Swiss German)
- ksh (Kölsch (Ripuarian))
- lb (Luxemburgian)
- nds (low German)
- pfl (Palatinian)
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- hz (Herero)
- id (Indonesian)
- la (Latin)
- ms (Malay)
- sco (Scots)
- ve (Venda)
- xh (Xhosa)
- zu (Zulu)
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Languages that do not capitalize month names:
- ast (Asturian) Month names are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- bs (Bosnian) Month names are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- bg (Bulgarian)
- hr (Croatian) Month names are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- ca (Catalan)
- cs (Czech)
- da (Danish)
- dsb (Lower Sorbian)
- eo (Esperanto)
- es (Spanish)
- et (Estonian)
- eu (Basque)
- fi (Finnish)
- fr (French)
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- hr (Croatian)
- hsb (Upper Sorbian)
- hu (Hungarian)
- hy (Armenian)
- is (Icelandic)
- it (Italian)
- li (Limburgish)
- lv (Latvian)
- lt (Lithuanian)
- mk (Macedonian) Month names are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- nap (Neapolitan)
- no (Norwegian)
- Applies to both standards of Norwegian: bokmål and nynorsk.
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- pt (Brazilian and Standard Portuguese) Months should not be capitalized in either.
- ro (Romanian)
- ru (Russian)
- os (Ossetian)
- sh (Serbo-Croatian) Month names are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- sr (Serbian) Month names are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- sk (Slovak)
- sl (Slovenian)
- sv (Swedish)
- tr (Turkish)
- uk (Ukrainian)
- uz (Uzbek)
- vec (Venetian)
- vi (Vietnamese) Typically lowercase these days, but may be capitalized.
- wa (Walloon)
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Capitalization of day names
Languages that capitalize day names (i.e. Monday vs. monday):
- af (Afrikaans)
- br (Breton)
- cy (Welsh) Dydd (day) is capitalized when part of a day name, e.g. "Dydd Mawrth" = "Tuesday".
- en (English)
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- de (German) Capitalized in der Montag = "the monday", a noun, but not in montags = "(every) monday / on (a) monday", an adverb.
- bar (Bavarian, Austrian, Tyrolian)
- gsw (Allemannic, Suebian, Alsatian, Swiss German)
- ksh (Kölsch (Ripuarian))
- lb (Luxemburgian)
- nds (low German)
- pfl (Palatinian)
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- el (Modern Greek)
- hz (Herero)
- id (Indonesian)
- la (Latin) Like languages [see above], "dies" is not capitalized: dies Martii. an alternative name for Sunday, Dominica, should be capitalized.
- sco (Scots)
- ve (Venda)
- xh (Xhosa)
- zu (Zulu)
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Languages that do not capitalize day names:
- ast (Asturian) Days of the week are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- bg (Bulgarian) Days of the week are never capitalized, unless considered as (honorary) surnames or titles of something (including historical events, e.g. the April Uprising = Априлско въстание).
- bs (Bosnian) Days of the week are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- hr (Croatian) Days of the week are never capitalized.
- ca (Catalan)
- cs (Czech)
- da (Danish)
- dsb (Lower Sorbian)
- eo (Esperanto)
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- fi (Finnish)
- fr (French)
- hsb (Upper Sorbian)
- hu (Hungarian)
- hy (Armenian)
- it (Italian)
- li (Limburgish)
- lt (Lithuanian)
- lv (Latvian)
- mk (Macedonian)
- nl (Dutch)
- nap (Neapolitan)
- no (Norwegian)
- Applies to both standards of Norwegian: bokmål and nynorsk.
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- os (Ossetian)
- pl (Polish)
- pt (Portuguese)
- ro (Romanian)
- ru (Russian)
- sk (Slovak)
- sh (Serbo-Croatian) Days of the week are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- sr (Serbian) Days of the week are not capitalized, unless considered as titles of something.
- es (Spanish)
- sv (Swedish)
- vi (Vietnamese) Usually lowercase these days, but may be capitalized.
- uk (Ukrainian)
- uz (Uzbek)
- wa (Walloon)
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