Isotopen van francium: verschil tussen versies
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Regel 1: | Regel 1: | ||
'''[[ |
Het [[chemisch element]] '''[[francium]]''' (Fr), met een [[atoommassa]] van ongeveer 223 [[Atomaire massa-eenheid|u]], bezit geen stabiele '''[[Isotoop|isotopen]]''' en wordt dus geclassificeerd als [[Radioactiviteit|radioactief]] [[Chemisch element|element]]. Van de 34 [[Radionuclide|radio-isotopen]] komen in de natuur alleen sporen voor van de <sup>223</sup>Fr, dat onderdeel is van de vervalreeks van uranium-235 en een halfwaardetijd heeft van 22 minuten, en daarmee de langstlevende isotoop van francium is. |
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De kortstlevende isotoop van francium is <sup>199</sup>Fr, met een halfwaardetijd van ongeveer 16 [[milliseconde]]n. De langstlevende is <sup>223</sup>Fr, met een halfwaardetijd van 22 [[Minuut (tijd)|minuten]]. |
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== Overzicht == |
== Overzicht == |
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Regel 45: | Regel 43: | ||
| α |
| α |
||
| <sup>196</sup>At |
| <sup>196</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|10<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|10<sup>−</sup> |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
||
|- |
|- |
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| [[Isomeric transition|IT]] ( |
| [[Isomeric transition|IT]] (zelden) |
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| <sup>200</sup>Fr |
| <sup>200</sup>Fr |
||
|- |
|- |
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Regel 59: | Regel 57: | ||
| α (99%) |
| α (99%) |
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| <sup>197</sup>At |
| <sup>197</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|(9/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|(9/2<sup>−</sup>) |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 85: | Regel 83: | ||
| α (97%) |
| α (97%) |
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| <sup>198</sup>At |
| <sup>198</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|(10<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|(10<sup>−</sup>) |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 99: | Regel 97: | ||
| α (95%) |
| α (95%) |
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| <sup>199</sup>At |
| <sup>199</sup>At |
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| rowspan="2"|(9/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|(9/2<sup>−</sup>) |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 137: | Regel 135: | ||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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| (10<sup> |
| (10<sup>−</sup>) |
||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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Regel 148: | Regel 146: | ||
| α (99%) |
| α (99%) |
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| <sup>201</sup>At |
| <sup>201</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|(9/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|(9/2<sup>−</sup>) |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 183: | Regel 181: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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| (10<sup> |
| (10<sup>−</sup>) |
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| |
| |
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| |
| |
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Regel 194: | Regel 192: | ||
| α (95%) |
| α (95%) |
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| <sup>203</sup>At |
| <sup>203</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 222: | Regel 220: | ||
| α (89%) |
| α (89%) |
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| <sup>205</sup>At |
| <sup>205</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 250: | Regel 248: | ||
| α (80%) |
| α (80%) |
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| <sup>207</sup>At |
| <sup>207</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 269: | Regel 267: | ||
|- |
|- |
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| α (43%) |
| α (43%) |
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| <sup>208</sup>At |
| [[astaat-208|<sup>208</sup>At]] |
||
|- |
|- |
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| rowspan="2"|<sup>213</sup>Fr |
| rowspan="2"|<sup>213</sup>Fr |
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Regel 277: | Regel 275: | ||
| rowspan="2"|34,6(3) s |
| rowspan="2"|34,6(3) s |
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| α (99,45%) |
| α (99,45%) |
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| <sup>209</sup>At |
| [[astaat-209|<sup>209</sup>At]] |
||
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|9/2<sup>−</sup> |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 291: | Regel 289: | ||
| 5,0(2) ms |
| 5,0(2) ms |
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| α |
| α |
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| <sup>210</sup>At |
| [[astaat-210|<sup>210</sup>At]] |
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| (1<sup> |
| (1<sup>−</sup>) |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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Regel 300: | Regel 298: | ||
| 3,35(5) ms |
| 3,35(5) ms |
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| α |
| α |
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| <sup>210</sup>At |
| [[astaat-210|<sup>210</sup>At]] |
||
| (8<sup> |
| (8<sup>−</sup>) |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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Regel 330: | Regel 328: | ||
| α |
| α |
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| <sup>211</sup>At |
| <sup>211</sup>At |
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| 9/2<sup> |
| 9/2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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Regel 341: | Regel 339: | ||
| α |
| α |
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| <sup>212</sup>At |
| <sup>212</sup>At |
||
| rowspan="2"|(1<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|(1<sup>−</sup>) |
||
| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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|- |
|- |
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| β<sup>+</sup> (2 × 10<sup>−7</sup>%) |
| β<sup>+</sup> (2 × 10<sup>−7</sup>%) |
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| <sup>216</sup>Rn |
| [[radon-216|<sup>216</sup>Rn]] |
||
|- |
|- |
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| <sup>217</sup>Fr |
| <sup>217</sup>Fr |
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Regel 355: | Regel 353: | ||
| α |
| α |
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| <sup>213</sup>At |
| <sup>213</sup>At |
||
| 9/2<sup> |
| 9/2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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Regel 366: | Regel 364: | ||
| α |
| α |
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| <sup>214</sup>At |
| <sup>214</sup>At |
||
| 1<sup> |
| 1<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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Regel 387: | Regel 385: | ||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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| |
| |
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| |
| |
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| |
| |
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Regel 398: | Regel 396: | ||
| α |
| α |
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| <sup>215</sup>At |
| <sup>215</sup>At |
||
| 9/2<sup> |
| 9/2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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Regel 423: | Regel 421: | ||
| α (99,9%) |
| α (99,9%) |
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| <sup>217</sup>At |
| <sup>217</sup>At |
||
| rowspan=3|5/2<sup> |
| rowspan=3|5/2<sup>−</sup> |
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| rowspan=3| |
| rowspan=3| |
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| rowspan=3| |
| rowspan=3| |
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Regel 433: | Regel 431: | ||
| <sup>207</sup>Tl, <sup>14</sup>C |
| <sup>207</sup>Tl, <sup>14</sup>C |
||
|- |
|- |
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| <sup>222</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-222|<sup>222</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 135 |
| 135 |
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Regel 440: | Regel 438: | ||
| β<sup>−</sup> |
| β<sup>−</sup> |
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| <sup>222</sup>Ra |
| <sup>222</sup>Ra |
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| 2<sup> |
| 2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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Regel 450: | Regel 448: | ||
| rowspan="2"|22,00(7) min |
| rowspan="2"|22,00(7) min |
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| β<sup>−</sup> (99,99%) |
| β<sup>−</sup> (99,99%) |
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| <sup>223</sup>Ra |
| [[radium-223|<sup>223</sup>Ra]] |
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| rowspan="2"|3/2<sup> |
| rowspan="2"|3/2<sup>−</sup> |
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| rowspan="2"|[[Spoor (scheikunde)|sporen]] |
| rowspan="2"|[[Spoor (scheikunde)|sporen]] |
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| rowspan="2"| |
| rowspan="2"| |
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Regel 458: | Regel 456: | ||
| <sup>219</sup>At |
| <sup>219</sup>At |
||
|- |
|- |
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| <sup>224</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-224|<sup>224</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 137 |
| 137 |
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Regel 464: | Regel 462: | ||
| 3,33(10) min |
| 3,33(10) min |
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| β<sup>−</sup> |
| β<sup>−</sup> |
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| <sup>224</sup>Ra |
| [[radium-224|<sup>224</sup>Ra]] |
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| 1<sup> |
| 1<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>225</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-225|<sup>225</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 138 |
| 138 |
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Regel 476: | Regel 474: | ||
| β<sup>−</sup> |
| β<sup>−</sup> |
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| <sup>225</sup>Ra |
| <sup>225</sup>Ra |
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| 3/2<sup> |
| 3/2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>226</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-226|<sup>226</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 139 |
| 139 |
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Regel 486: | Regel 484: | ||
| 49(1) s |
| 49(1) s |
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| β<sup>−</sup> |
| β<sup>−</sup> |
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| <sup>226</sup>Ra |
| [[radium-226|<sup>226</sup>Ra]] |
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| 1<sup> |
| 1<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
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| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>227</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-227|<sup>227</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 140 |
| 140 |
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Regel 502: | Regel 500: | ||
| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>228</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-228|<sup>228</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
||
| 141 |
| 141 |
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Regel 508: | Regel 506: | ||
| 38(1) s |
| 38(1) s |
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| β<sup>−</sup> |
| β<sup>−</sup> |
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| <sup>228</sup>Ra |
| [[radium-228|<sup>228</sup>Ra]] |
||
| 2<sup> |
| 2<sup>−</sup> |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>229</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-229|<sup>229</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 142 |
| 142 |
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Regel 524: | Regel 522: | ||
| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>230</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-230|<sup>230</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 143 |
| 143 |
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Regel 535: | Regel 533: | ||
| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>231</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-231|<sup>231</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 144 |
| 144 |
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Regel 546: | Regel 544: | ||
| |
| |
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|- |
|- |
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| <sup>232</sup>Fr |
| [[francium-232|<sup>232</sup>Fr]] |
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| 87 |
| 87 |
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| 145 |
| 145 |
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Regel 559: | Regel 557: | ||
== Overzicht van isotopen per element == |
== Overzicht van isotopen per element == |
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{{Tabel |
{{Tabel periodiek systeem|nr=sub|it=ja}} |
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== Zie ook == |
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⚫ | |||
*[[Uraniumreeks]] |
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⚫ | |||
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⚫ | |||
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* {{en}} {{aut|J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor}} (2003) - [http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2003/pdf/7506x0683.pdf ''Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)''], ''Pure and Applied Chemistry'', '''75''' (6), pp. 683–800 |
* {{en}} {{aut|J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor}} (2003) - [http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2003/pdf/7506x0683.pdf ''Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)''], ''Pure and Applied Chemistry'', '''75''' (6), pp. 683–800 |
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* {{en}} {{aut|M.E. Wieser}} (2006) - [http://iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2006/pdf/7811x2051.pdf ''Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)''], ''Pure and Applied Chemistry'', '''78''' (11), pp. 2051–2066 |
* {{en}} {{aut|M.E. Wieser}} (2006) - [http://iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/2006/pdf/7811x2051.pdf ''Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)''], ''Pure and Applied Chemistry'', '''78''' (11), pp. 2051–2066 |
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* {{en}} {{aut|David R. Lide}} (2004) - ''[[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]]'' (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - {{ISBN|978-0849304859}} |
* {{en}} {{aut|David R. Lide}} (2004) - ''[[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]]'' (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - {{ISBN|978-0849304859}} |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Navigatie isotopen van francium}} |
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⚫ | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Francium}} |
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[[ca:Isòtops del franci]] |
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[[en:Isotopes of francium]] |
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[[fa:ایزوتوپهای فرانسیم]] |
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[[ja:フランシウムの同位体]] |
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[[zh:鈁的同位素]] |
Huidige versie van 7 apr 2021 om 20:01
Het chemisch element francium (Fr), met een atoommassa van ongeveer 223 u, bezit geen stabiele isotopen en wordt dus geclassificeerd als radioactief element. Van de 34 radio-isotopen komen in de natuur alleen sporen voor van de 223Fr, dat onderdeel is van de vervalreeks van uranium-235 en een halfwaardetijd heeft van 22 minuten, en daarmee de langstlevende isotoop van francium is.
Overzicht
[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
199Fr | 87 | 112 | 199,00726(4) | 16(7) ms | 1/2+ | ||||
200Fr | 87 | 113 | 200,00657(8) | 24(10) ms | α | 196At | 3+ | ||
200mFr | 60(110) keV | 650(210) ms | α | 196At | 10− | ||||
IT (zelden) | 200Fr | ||||||||
201Fr | 87 | 114 | 201,00386(8) | 67(3) ms | α (99%) | 197At | (9/2−) | ||
β+ (1%) | 201Rn | ||||||||
202Fr | 87 | 115 | 202,00337(5) | 290(30) ms | α (97%) | 198At | (3+) | ||
β+ (3%) | 202Rn | ||||||||
202mFr | 330(90) keV | 340(40) ms | α (97%) | 198At | (10−) | ||||
β+ (3%) | 202Rn | ||||||||
203Fr | 87 | 116 | 203,000925(17) | 0,55(2) s | α (95%) | 199At | (9/2−) | ||
β+ (5%) | 203Rn | ||||||||
204Fr | 87 | 117 | 204,000653(26) | 1,7(3) s | α (96%) | 200At | (3+) | ||
β+ (4%) | 204Rn | ||||||||
204m1Fr | 50(4) keV | 2,6(3) s | α (90%) | 200At | (7+) | ||||
β+ (10%) | 204Rn | ||||||||
204m2Fr | 326(4) keV | 1,7(6) s | (10−) | ||||||
205Fr | 87 | 118 | 204,998594(8) | 3,80(3) s | α (99%) | 201At | (9/2−) | ||
β+ (1%) | 205Rn | ||||||||
206Fr | 87 | 119 | 205,99867(3) | ± 16 s | β+ (58%) | 206Rn | (2+, 3+) | ||
α (42%) | 202At | ||||||||
206m1Fr | 190(40) keV | 15,9(1) s | (7+) | ||||||
206m2Fr | 730(40) keV | 700(100) ms | (10−) | ||||||
207Fr | 87 | 120 | 206,99695(5) | 14,8(1) s | α (95%) | 203At | 9/2− | ||
β+ (5%) | 207Rn | ||||||||
208Fr | 87 | 121 | 207,99714(5) | 59,1(3) s | α (90%) | 204At | 7+ | ||
β+ (10%) | 208Rn | ||||||||
209Fr | 87 | 122 | 208,995954(16) | 50,0(3) s | α (89%) | 205At | 9/2− | ||
β+ (11%) | 209Rn | ||||||||
210Fr | 87 | 123 | 209,996408(24) | 3,18(6) min | α (60%) | 206At | 6+ | ||
β+ (40%) | 210Rn | ||||||||
211Fr | 87 | 124 | 210,995537(23) | 3,10(2) min | α (80%) | 207At | 9/2− | ||
β+ (20%) | 211Rn | ||||||||
212Fr | 87 | 125 | 211,996202(28) | 20,0(6) min | β+ (57%) | 212Rn | 5+ | ||
α (43%) | 208At | ||||||||
213Fr | 87 | 126 | 212,996189(8) | 34,6(3) s | α (99,45%) | 209At | 9/2− | ||
β+ (0,55%) | 213Rn | ||||||||
214Fr | 87 | 127 | 213,998971(9) | 5,0(2) ms | α | 210At | (1−) | ||
214m1Fr | 123(6) keV | 3,35(5) ms | α | 210At | (8−) | ||||
214m2Fr | 638(6) keV | 103(4) ns | (11+) | ||||||
214m3Fr | 6477 keV | 108(7) ns | (33+) | ||||||
215Fr | 87 | 128 | 215,000341(8) | 86(5) ns | α | 211At | 9/2− | ||
216Fr | 87 | 129 | 216,003198(15) | 0,70(2) µs | α | 212At | (1−) | ||
β+ (2 × 10−7%) | 216Rn | ||||||||
217Fr | 87 | 130 | 217,004632(7) | 16,8(19) µs | α | 213At | 9/2− | ||
218Fr | 87 | 131 | 218,007578(5) | 1,0(6) ms | α | 214At | 1− | ||
218m1Fr | 86(4) keV | 22,0(5) ms | α | 214At | |||||
IT (zelden) | 218Fr | ||||||||
218m2Fr | 200(150) keV | ||||||||
219Fr | 87 | 132 | 219,009252(8) | 20(2) ms | α | 215At | 9/2− | ||
220Fr | 87 | 133 | 220,012327(4) | 27,4(3) s | α (99,65%) | 216At | 1+ | ||
β− (0,35%) | 220Ra | ||||||||
221Fr | 87 | 134 | 221,014255(5) | 4,9(2) min | α (99,9%) | 217At | 5/2− | ||
β− (0,1%) | 221Ra | ||||||||
CV (8,79 × −11%) | 207Tl, 14C | ||||||||
222Fr | 87 | 135 | 222,017552(23) | 14,2(3) min | β− | 222Ra | 2− | ||
223Fr | 87 | 136 | 223,0197359(26) | 22,00(7) min | β− (99,99%) | 223Ra | 3/2− | sporen | |
α (0,006%) | 219At | ||||||||
224Fr | 87 | 137 | 224,02325(5) | 3,33(10) min | β− | 224Ra | 1− | ||
225Fr | 87 | 138 | 225,02557(3) | 4,0(2) min | β− | 225Ra | 3/2− | ||
226Fr | 87 | 139 | 226,02939(11) | 49(1) s | β− | 226Ra | 1− | ||
227Fr | 87 | 140 | 227,03184(11) | 2,47(3) min | β− | 227Ra | 1/2+ | ||
228Fr | 87 | 141 | 228,03573(22) | 38(1) s | β− | 228Ra | 2− | ||
229Fr | 87 | 142 | 229,03845(4) | 50,2(4) s | β− | 229Ra | (1/2+) | ||
230Fr | 87 | 143 | 230,04251(48) | 19,1(5) s | β− | 230Ra | |||
231Fr | 87 | 144 | 231,04544(50) | 17,6(6) s | β− | 231Ra | (1/2+) | ||
232Fr | 87 | 145 | 232,04977(69) | 5(1) s | β− | 232Ra |
Overzicht van isotopen per element
[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Zie ook
[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859