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Created by translating the page "Traditional African medicine"
 
Created by translating the page "Traditional African medicine"
 
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== Methopo ==
== Methopo ==


{{Reflist|refs=<ref name="Abdullahi2011">{{cite journal|last1=Abdullahi|first1=AA|title=Trends and Challenges of Traditional Medicine in Africa|journal=African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines|volume=8|issue=5S|pages=115–23|year=2011|issn=0189-6016|doi=10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.5|pmc=3252714|pmid=22754064}}</ref>

<ref name="BBC">{{cite web|title=Medicinal plant fights Aids|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1683259.stm|date=30 November 2001|publisher=BBC News|access-date=25 September 2014}}</ref>

<ref name="Berhane">{{cite journal | last1=Berhane | first1=Y | last2=Gossaye | first2=Y | last3=Emmelin | first3=M | last4=Hogberg | first4=U | title=Women's health in a rural setting in societal transition in Ethiopia | journal=Social Science & Medicine | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=53 | issue=11 | year=2001 | issn=0277-9536 | doi=10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00441-x | pages=1525–1539| pmid=11710427 }}</ref>

<ref name="BledsoeGoubaud1985">{{cite journal|last1=Bledsoe|first1=Caroline H.|last2=Goubaud|first2=Monica F.|title=The reinterpretation of Western pharmaceuticals among the Mende of Sierra Leone|journal=Social Science & Medicine|volume=21|issue=3|year=1985|pages=275–282|issn=0277-9536|doi=10.1016/0277-9536(85)90101-7|pmid=4035415}}</ref>

<ref name="ByeDutton1991">{{cite journal|last1=Bye|first1=S.N.|last2=Dutton|first2=M.F.|title=The inappropriate use of traditional medicines in South Africa|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=34|issue=2–3|year=1991|pages=253–259|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/0378-8741(91)90044-E|pmid=1795529}}</ref>

<ref name="Chitindingu2014">{{cite journal|last1=Chitindingu|first1=Ethel|last2=George|first2=Gavin|last3=Gow|first3=Jeff|title=A review of the integration of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine into the curriculum of South African medical schools|journal=BMC Medical Education|volume=14|issue=1|year=2014|pages=40|issn=1472-6920|doi=10.1186/1472-6920-14-40|pmc=3939811|pmid=24575843 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="ConserveAfrica2002">{{Cite web|url=http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category.php/media/6560|title=Africa: Overview on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine |author=Conserve Africa |date=4 May 2002 |work=Conserve Africa |publisher=Pambazuka News |access-date=4 June 2020| url-status=dead| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150924063616/http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category.php/media/6560 |archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref>

<ref name="DoldCocks2000">{{cite journal|last1=Dold|first1=A. P.|last2=Cocks|first2=M. L.|date=September 2000|title=The medicinal use of some weeds, problem and alien plants in the Grahamstown and Peddie districts of the Eastern Cape, South Africa|url=http://www.ethnopharmacologia.org/prelude2016/pdf/biblio-hd-27-dold.pdf|journal=[[South African Journal of Science]]|volume=96|pages=467–473|access-date=3 January 2018|archive-date=24 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124150252/http://www.ethnopharmacologia.org/prelude2016/pdf/biblio-hd-27-dold.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="Financial Times 2020">{{cite news | title=US lawmakers push to reclaim medical supply chains from China | website=[[Financial Times]]|location=London | date=2 April 2020 | url=https://www.ft.com/content/d71c01db-5333-470b-abcd-0df126864447 | access-date=4 June 2020}} {{subscription required}}</ref>

<ref name=Grace2008>{{cite journal|last1=Grace|first1=O.M.|last2=Simmonds|first2=M.S.J.|last3=Smith|first3=G.F.|last4=van Wyk|first4=A.E.|title=Therapeutic uses of Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae) in southern Africa|journal=[[Journal of Ethnopharmacology]]|volume=119|issue=3|year=2008|pages=604–614|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.002|pmid=18682283}}</ref>

<ref name=Grucavan2014>{{cite journal|last1=Gruca|first1=Marta|last2=van Andel|first2=Tinde R|last3=Balslev|first3=Henrik|title=Ritual uses of palms in traditional medicine in sub-Saharan Africa: a review|journal=[[BioMed Central|Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine]]|volume=10|issue=1|year=2014|pages=60|issn=1746-4269|doi=10.1186/1746-4269-10-60|pmid=25056559|pmc=4222890 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Goodman">{{cite journal | last1=Goodman | first1=Christopher Dean | last2=Austarheim | first2=Ingvild | last3=Mollard | first3=Vanessa | last4=Mikolo | first4=Bertin | last5=Malterud | first5=Karl Egil | last6=McFadden | first6=Geoffrey I. | last7=Wangensteen | first7=Helle | title=Natural products from Zanthoxylum heitzii with potent activity against the malaria parasite | journal=Malaria Journal | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=15 | issue=1 | date=20 September 2016 | page=481 | issn=1475-2875 | doi=10.1186/s12936-016-1533-x | pmid=27649682 | pmc=5029023 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Helwig2005">{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3435100785.html |title=Traditional African medicine |author=Helwig, David|year=2005 |encyclopedia=Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine |access-date=4 June 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="historyandpolicy">{{cite web|url=http://www.historyandpolicy.org/papers/policy-paper-03.html|title=Patients' rights: from Alder Hey to the Nuremberg Code|last=Hurren|first=Elizabeth|date=May 2002|location=United Kingdom|work=History & Policy|access-date=8 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207022621/http://www.historyandpolicy.org/papers/policy-paper-03.html|archive-date=7 December 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="Ibrahim2014">{{cite journal|last1=Ibrahim|first1=Mohammed Auwal|last2=Mohammed|first2=Aminu|last3=Isah|first3=Murtala Bindawa|last4=Aliyu|first4=Abubakar Babando|title=Anti-trypanosomal activity of African medicinal plants: A review update|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=154|issue=1|year=2014|pages=26–54|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.012|pmid=24742753}}</ref>

<ref name="Iliffe">{{cite book | last1=Iliffe | first1=J. | last2=Anderson | first2=D. | last3=Brown | first3=C. | last4=Clapham | first4=C. | last5=Gomez | first5=M. | last6=Manning | first6=P. | last7=Robinson | first7=D. | title=East African Doctors: A History of the Modern Profession | publisher=Cambridge University Press | series=African Studies | year=1998 | isbn=978-0-521-63272-0 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Btb667glnuIC | access-date=8 June 2020 | chapter=10. AIDS}}</ref>

<ref name="IOL:SHRINE">{{cite web|title=Inside the Fake healers shrine|url=http://africawitness.wordpress.com/2011/02/11/366/|date=11 February 2011|publisher=Africa Witness|access-date=8 June 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="James">{{cite journal |last1=James |first1=Peter |title=Utilisation of and Attitude towards Traditional and Complementary Medicine among Ebola Survivors in Sierra Leone |journal=Medicina |date=2019 |volume=55 |issue=7 |pages=387 |doi=10.3390/medicina55070387 |doi-access=free |pmid=31323758|pmc=6681324 }}</ref>

<ref name="James2018">{{cite journal |last1=James |first1=PB |display-authors=et al |title=Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review |journal=British Medical Journal Global Health |date=2018 |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=e000895 |doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000895 |pmid=30483405 |pmc=6231111 }}</ref>

<ref name="Liddell">{{cite journal | last1=Liddell | first1=Christine | last2=Barrett | first2=Louise | last3=Bydawell | first3=Moya | title=Indigenous representations of illness and AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa | journal=Social Science & Medicine | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=60 | issue=4 | year=2005 | issn=0277-9536 | doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.06.020 | pages=691–700| pmid=15571888 }}</ref>

<ref name="Makraj">{{cite journal |last1=Mackraj |first1=Irene |last2=Ramesar |first2=Shamal |title=ACE inhibitor activity of nutritive plants in Kwa-Zulu Natal |journal= The FASEB Journal|date=1 April 2007 |volume=21 |issue=6 |doi=10.1096/fasebj.21.6.A1247-c |publisher=Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology|doi-access= free|s2cid=82625789 }}</ref>

<ref name="Makunga">{{cite journal |last1=Makunga |first1=N.P. |title=Turning folklore into an ethnomedicinal catalogue |journal=[[South African Journal of Science]] |date=July 2009 |issue=105 |page=250 |doi=10.4102/sajs.v105i7/8.120|doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="McGaw2008">{{cite journal|last1=McGaw|first1=L.J.|last2=Eloff|first2=J.N.|title=Ethnoveterinary use of southern African plants and scientific evaluation of their medicinal properties|journal=[[Journal of Ethnopharmacology]]|volume=119|issue=3|year=2008|pages=559–574|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.013|pmid=18620038}}</ref>

<ref name="Mill">{{cite journal | last=Mill | first=Judy E. | title=I'm Not a "Basabasa" Woman: An Explanatory Model of HIV Illness in Ghanaian Women | journal=Clinical Nursing Research | publisher=SAGE Publications | volume=10 | issue=3 | year=2001 | issn=1054-7738 | doi=10.1177/c10n3r4 | pages=254–274| pmid=11881942 | s2cid=20305430 }}</ref>
<ref name=Mokaila2001>{{Cite web|url=http://www.drury.edu/multinl/story.cfm?ID=2524&NLID=166 |title=Traditional Vs. Western Medicine-African Context |author=Mokaila, Aone |year=2001 |work=Drury University, Springfield, Missouri |access-date=8 June 2020 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060914164630/http://www.drury.edu/multinl/story.cfm?ID=2524&NLID=166 |archive-date=14 September 2006 }}</ref>

<ref name="Mills1">{{Cite journal|last1=Mills|first1=Edward|last2=Cooper|first2=Curtis|last3=Kanfer|first3=Izzy|date=2005|title=Traditional African medicine in the treatment of HIV|journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases|volume=5|issue=8|pages=465–467|doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70172-9|pmid=16048713}}</ref>

<ref name="Mills2">{{Cite journal|last1=Mills|first1=Edward|last2=Foster|first2=Brian C|last3=Heeswijk|first3=Rolf van|last4=Phillips|first4=Elizabeth|last5=Wilson|first5=Kumanan|last6=Leonard|first6=Blair|last7=Kosuge|first7=Kazuhiro|last8=Kanfer|first8=Isadore|date=2005|title=Impact of African herbal medicines on antiretroviral metabolism|journal=AIDS|volume=19|issue=1|pages=95–97|doi=10.1097/00002030-200501030-00013|issn=0269-9370|pmid=15627040|s2cid=10051825|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="Mills2005">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1186/1475-2891-4-19 | year = 2005 | last1 = Mills | first1 = Edward | last2 = Cooper | first2 = Curtis | last3 = Seely | first3 = Dugald | last4 = Kanfer | first4 = Izzy | journal = Nutrition Journal | volume = 4 | pages = 19 | pmid = 15927053 | title = African herbal medicines in the treatment of HIV: Hypoxis and Sutherlandia. An overview of evidence and pharmacology | pmc = 1156943 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

<ref name="Moussavi">{{cite journal | last1=Moussavi | first1=Nastaran | last2=Malterud | first2=Karl Egil | last3=Mikolo | first3=Bertin | last4=Dawes | first4=Dag | last5=Chandre | first5=Fabrice | last6=Corbel | first6=Vincent | last7=Massamba | first7=Daniel | last8=Overgaard | first8=Hans J. | last9=Wangensteen | first9=Helle | title=Identification of chemical constituents of Zanthoxylum heitzii stem bark and their insecticidal activity against the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae | journal=Parasites & Vectors | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=8 | issue=1 | date=1 October 2015 | page=503 | issn=1756-3305 | doi=10.1186/s13071-015-1113-x | pmid=26427956 | pmc=4591583 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Müller2011">{{cite journal|last1=Müller|first1=Adrienne C.|last2=Kanfer|first2=Isadore|title=Potential pharmacokinetic interactions between antiretrovirals and medicinal plants used as complementary and African traditional medicines|journal=Biopharmaceutics & Drug Disposition|volume=32|issue=8|year=2011|pages=458–470|issn=0142-2782|doi=10.1002/bdd.775|pmid=22024968|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="MzimkuluSimbayi2006">{{cite journal|last1=Mzimkulu|first1=Kanyiswa G.|last2=Simbayi|first2=Leickness C.|title=Perspectives and Practices of Xhosa-speaking African Traditional Healers when Managing Psychosis|journal=International Journal of Disability, Development and Education|volume=53|issue=4|year=2006|pages=417–431|issn=1034-912X|doi=10.1080/10349120601008563|s2cid=145632279}}</ref>

<ref name="Naur">{{cite journal | last=Naur | first=Maja | title=Indigenous Knowledge and HIV/AIDS : Ghana and Zambia | website=[[Open Knowledge Repository]] | date=13 August 2012 | url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/10808 | access-date=8 June 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Ncube2013">{{cite journal|last1=Ncube|first1=Bhekumthetho|last2=Ndhlala|first2=Ashwell R.|last3=Okem|first3=Ambrose|last4=Van Staden|first4=Johannes|title=Hypoxis (Hypoxidaceae) in African traditional medicine|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=150|issue=3|year=2013|pages=818–827|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.032|pmid=24184189}}</ref>

<ref name="Nelms">{{Cite journal|last1=Nelms|first1=Linda W.|last2=Gorski|first2=June|date=2016-06-29|title=The Role of the African Traditional Healer in Women's Health|journal=Journal of Transcultural Nursing {{subscription required}}|volume=17|issue=2|pages=184–189|doi=10.1177/1043659605285411|pmid=16595407|s2cid=39090402}}</ref>

<ref name="Nnadozie">{{cite book | last1=Nnadozie | first1=K. | last2=Lettington| first2=Robert| last3=Bruch| first3=Carl| last4=Bass| first4=Susan| last5=King| first5=Sarah| title=African Perspectives on Genetic Resources: A Handbook on Laws, Policies, and Institutions Governing Access and Benefit-sharing | publisher=Environmental Law Institute | year=2003 | isbn=978-1-58576-068-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HdVgnlBDV4YC | access-date=8 June 2020 }}</ref>

<ref name="Nyika 2007">{{Cite journal|last=Nyika|first=Aceme|date=2007|title=Ethical and Regulatory Issues Surrounding African Traditional Medicine in the Context of Hiv/Aids|journal=Developing World Bioethics|volume=7|issue=1|pages=25–34|doi=10.1111/j.1471-8847.2006.00157.x|issn=1471-8731|pmid=17355329|s2cid=2637447}}</ref>

<ref name="Onwuanibe">{{Cite journal|last1=Onwuanibe |first1=Richard C. |year=1979 |title=The Philosophy of African Medical Practice |journal=[[African Studies Review|Issue: A Journal of Opinion]] |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=25–28 |doi=10.2307/1166259 |jstor=1166259 }}</ref>

<ref name="Overgaard">{{cite journal | last1=Overgaard | first1=Hans | last2=Sirisopa | first2=Patcharawan | last3=Mikolo | first3=Bertin | last4=Malterud | first4=Karl | last5=Wangensteen | first5=Helle | last6=Zou | first6=Yuan-Feng | last7=Paulsen | first7=Berit | last8=Massamba | first8=Daniel | last9=Duchon | first9=Stephane | last10=Corbel | first10=Vincent | last11=Chandre | first11=Fabrice | title=Insecticidal Activities of Bark, Leaf and Seed Extracts of Zanthoxylum heitzii against the African Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae | journal=Molecules | publisher=MDPI AG | volume=19 | issue=12 | date=17 December 2014 | issn=1420-3049 | doi=10.3390/molecules191221276 | pages=21276–21290| pmid=25525826 | pmc=6270729 | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="Peters">{{Cite journal|last1=Peters|first1=E J|last2=Immananagha|first2=K K|last3=Essien|first3=O E|last4=Ekott|first4=J U|date=2004|title=Traditional Healers' Practices and the Spread of HIV/AIDS in South Eastern Nigeria|journal=Tropical Doctor|volume=34|issue=2|pages=79–82|doi=10.1177/004947550403400206|issn=0049-4755|pmid=15117130|s2cid=28960279}}</ref>

<ref name="Petrelli">{{cite journal |title=Biological Activities of the Essential Oil from Erigeron floribundus|first1=Riccardo|last1=Petrelli|first2=Giuseppe|last2=Orsomando|first3=Leonardo|last3=Sorci|first4=Filippo|last4=Maggi|first5=Farahnaz|last5=Ranjbarian|first6=Prosper C.|last6=Biapa Nya|first7=Dezemona|last7=Petrelli|first8=Luca A.|last8=Vitali|first9=Giulio|last9=Lupidi|first10=Luana|last10=Quassinti|first11=Massimo|last11=Bramucci|first12=Anders|last12=Hofer|first13=Loredana|last13=Cappellacci|date=13 August 2016|volume=21|issue=8|pages=1065|via=mdpi.com|doi=10.3390/molecules21081065|pmid=27529211|pmc=6274054|journal=Molecules|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="SAAC">{{cite journal|title=Self-Reported Use of Traditional, Complementary And Over-The-Counter Medicines By Hiv-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Pretoria, South Africa|first=N.|last=Malangu|date=1 January 2007|volume=4|issue=3|pages=273–278|doi=10.4314/ajtcam.v4i3.31219|pmid=20161889|pmc=2816484|journal=African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines}}</ref>

<ref name="SAH2">{{cite book |title=Mental Health of Refugees |publisher=World Health Organisation |page=89 |url=https://www.who.int/mental_health/resources/en/MNH%20of%20refugees_unit6_7pdf.pdf |access-date=8 June 2020 |chapter=Traditional medicine and traditional healers}}</ref>

<ref name=Stanley2004>{{Cite web |url=http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-55582-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html |title=Recognition and Respect for African Traditional Medicine |author=Stanley, Bob |date=13 February 2004 |work=Canada's International Development Research Centre |access-date=5 June 2020 |archive-date=28 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828085720/http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-55582-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="Street2008">{{cite journal|last1=Street|first1=R.A.|last2=Stirk|first2=W.A.|last3=Van Staden|first3=J.|title=South African traditional medicinal plant trade—Challenges in regulating quality, safety and efficacy|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=119|issue=3|year=2008|pages=705–710|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.019|pmid=18638533}}</ref>

<ref name="Thege">{{Cite journal|last=Thege|first=Britta|date=December 2009|title=Rural black women's agency within intimate partnerships amid the South African HIV epidemic|journal=African Journal of AIDS Research|volume=8|issue=4|pages=455–464|doi=10.2989/AJAR.2009.8.4.9.1046|issn=1608-5906|pmid=25875709|s2cid=618555}}</ref>

<ref name="Times1">{{cite web| url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/a-folk-remedy-for-killer-ebola/148114.article| title=A folk remedy for killer Ebola| date=27 September 1999| archive-date=2 December 2013| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131202103155/http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/news/a-folk-remedy-for-killer-ebola/148114.article| access-date=22 May 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Ubani">{{Cite book|last=Ubani|first=Lumumba Umunna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QuPotz2GvoC|title=Preventive Therapy in Complementary Medicine|date=5 July 2011|publisher=Xlibris Corporation|isbn=978-1-4628-7687-7}}</ref>

<ref name="van Wyk">{{cite book |last1=van Wyk|first1=Ben-Erik|last2=van Oudtshoorn|first2=Bosch|last3 =Gericke|first3=Nigel|year=1999|title=Medicinal Plants of South Africa|page=10|location=Pretoria|publisher=Briza Publications|isbn=978-1-875093-37-3|author1-link=Ben-Erik van Wyk }}</ref>

<ref name="van Wyk2">{{cite journal|last1=van Wyk|first1=B-E.|last2=Albrecht|first2=C.|title=A review of the taxonomy, ethnobotany, chemistry and pharmacology of Sutherlandia frutescens (Fabaceae)|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=119|issue=3|year=2008|pages=620–629|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2008.08.003|pmid=18761068}}</ref>

<ref name="WebMD Pygeum">{{cite web | title=Pygeum: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Dosage, and Warning | website=WebMD | date=30 January 2019 | url=https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-388/pygeum | access-date=8 June 2020}}</ref>

}<ref name="WHO">{{cite web|title=WHO Traditional Medicine Strategy| url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2002/who_edm_trm_2002.1.pdf| date=2002| publisher=WHO| page=1| access-date=5 June 2020| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040410150411/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2002/WHO_EDM_TRM_2002.1.pdf| archive-date=10 April 2004}}</ref>

<ref name="WilliamsWhiting2016">{{cite journal|last1=Williams|first1=Vivienne Linda|last2=Whiting|first2=Martin John|title=A picture of health? Animal use and the Faraday traditional medicine market, South Africa|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology{{subscription required}}|volume=179|year=2016|pages=265–273|issn=0378-8741|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.024|pmid=26727647}}</ref>}}

Thumeletšo tša seswa go tloga ka 10:34, 11 Moranang 2024


Tlhahlobo e fihlelelwa ka ditsela tša semoya gomme kalafo e a laelwa, gantši e bopša ke pheko ya mešunkwane yeo e lebelelwago e se na bokgoni bja go fodiša feela eupša gape le bohlokwa bja seswantšhetšo le bja moya.Dihlare tša Afrika tša setšo, ka tumelo ya tšona ya gore bolwetši ga bo tšwe ditiragalong tša go itiragalela eupša ka semoya goba go se lekalekane ga leago, di fapana kudu le dihlare tša mahlale a sebjalebjale, tše di theilwego godimo ga setegeniki le go sekaseka. Lekgolong la bo21 la mengwaga, dihlare tša sebjalebjale le ditshepedišo tša kalafo di sa dutše di sa fihlelelege go palo ye kgolo ya batho ba Afrika ka lebaka la ditshenyagalelo tša tšona tše di phagamego kudu le go tsepama ga dinolofatši tša maphelo disenthara tša ditoropong [3][PJ Houghton - … Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 1995 - liebertpub.com 1].

Dimela tša kalafo[lokiša | edit source]

Methopo[lokiša | edit source]

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