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{{Short description|Iranian Muslim scholar, historian, and exegetecommentator on the Qur'an (839–923)}}
{{Lowercase title}}
{{Other people}}
{{Distinguish|text=the ninth-century Muslim scholar and traditonist [[al-Tabarani]]}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| religion = [[Islam]]▼
|honorific_prefix=[[Imam]]
| name =Al Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari
| native_name = {{lang|ar|أبو جعفر محمد بن جرير بن يزيد الطبري}}
| title =Imam
| image =
|birth_date=839 [[Common Era|CE]] (224 [[Islamic calendar|AH]])
| image_size = 225px
|birth_place=[[Amol]], [[Tabaristan]], [[Abbasid Caliphate]] {{small|(present-day [[Iran]])}}▼
| caption =
|death_date=923 CE (310 AH; aged 84)▼
| birth_name =
|death_place=[[Baghdad]], Abbasid Caliphate {{small|(present-day [[Iraq]])}}
| birth_date = 839 CE (224 AH)
|resting_place={{interlanguage link|Al-Rahbi Park|ar|حديقة الرحبي}}, Baghdad, Iraq
▲| birth_place = [[Amol]], [[Tabaristan]], [[Abbasid Caliphate]] {{small|(present-day [[Iran]])}}
▲|religion=[[Islam]]
▲| death_date = 923 CE (310 AH;) (aged 84)
|era=[[Islamic Golden Age]]
|region death_place = [[Baghdad]], Abbasid Caliphate {{small|(present-day [[Iraq]])}}
| death_cause =
|denomination=[[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]<ref>[[Jonathan A.C. Brown]] (2007), ''The Canonization of al-Bukhārī and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunnī Ḥadīth Canon'', p. 151. [[Brill Publishers]]. {{ISBN|9789004158399}}.</ref>▼
| resting_place =
|creed=[[Atharism|Traditionalist]]<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th-10th Centuries C.E |last=Melchert |first=Christopher |publisher=Brill Publishers |year=1997 |isbn=90-04-10952-8 | location= Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands | quote="..al-Tabarī and Ibn Khuzaymah were scholars of very great stature, their published creeds thoroughly traditionalist"|pages=154 |chapter=Chapter 7: Al-Khallal and the Classical Hanbali school}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title= Women in the Qur'an, Traditions, and Interpretation|last=Freyer Stowasser|first=Barbara|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1994|isbn=978-0-19-511148-4|location=New York|quote="The traditionalist Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (d. 923) authored a traditionist Qur’anic exegesis, Jami'al-bayan 'an ta’wil ay al-Qur'an (or fi tafsir al-Quran), and a traditionist History of the world.."|page=8|chapter=Introduction}}</ref>▼
| other_names =
|jurisprudence=[[Ijtihad|Independentist]] who founded the [[Jariri school]]
| era = [[Medieval era]]
|main_interests={{flatlist|▼
| region = [[Abbasid Caliphate]]
*[[Islamic history|History]]
| occupation =
*[[tafsir|exegesis]]
▲| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]<ref>[[Jonathan A.C. Brown]] (2007), ''The Canonization of al-Bukhārī and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunnī Ḥadīth Canon'', p. 151. [[Brill Publishers]]. {{ISBN|9789004158399}}.</ref>
*[[fiqh|jurisprudence]]
▲| creed = [[Atharism|TraditionalistAthari]]<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th-10th Centuries C.E |last=Melchert |first=Christopher |publisher=Brill Publishers |year=1997 |isbn=90-04-10952-8 | location= Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands | quote="..al-Tabarī and Ibn Khuzaymah were scholars of very great stature, their published creeds thoroughly traditionalist"|pages=154 |chapter=Chapter 7: Al-Khallal and the Classical Hanbali school}}</ref><ref>{{citeCite book |title= Women in the Qur'an, Traditions, and Interpretation |last=Freyer Stowasser |first=Barbara |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-19-511148-4 | location= New York | quote="The traditionalist Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (d. 923) authored a traditionist Qur’anic exegesis, Jami'al-bayan 'an ta’wil ay al-Qur'an (or fi tafsir al-Quran), and a traditionist History of the world.."|pagepages=8 |chapter=Introduction}}</ref>
*[[aqidah|belief]]
| jurisprudence = Founded the [[Jariri]] madhhab
*[[Arabic literature|writing]]
▲| main_interests ={{flatlist|
}}
| notable_works = {{transliteration|ar|[[Tafsir al-Tabari|Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī]]}}, ''[[History of the Prophets and Kings]]'', {{transliteration|ar|[[Tahdhib al-Athar|Tahdhīb al-āthār]]}}, {{transliteration|ar|Ikhtilāf al-fuqaha'}} ("Disagreement of the Jurists")
|notable_works={{flatlist|
| alma_mater =
*''[[Tafsir al-Tabari]]''
| Sufi_order =
*''[[Tarikh al-Tabari]]''
| disciple_of =
*''[[Tahdhib al-Athar]]''
| awards =
*''Ikhtilaf al-Fuqaha'''
| influences = [[Dawud al-Zahiri]]▼
}}
| influenced = [[al-Suyuti]], [[Ibn Kathir]]
|occupation={{flatlist|
| module =
*[[Ulama|Scholar]]
| website =
*[[polymath]]
*historian
*exegete
*jurist
*theologian
*writer
}}
▲|influences=[[Dawud al-Zahiri]]
|influenced={{plainlist|
*[[Al-Suyuti]]
*[[Ibn Kathir]]
}}
|module={{Infobox Arabic name|embed=yes
|ism=Muḥammad
|ism-ar={{lang|ar|مُحَمَّد}}
|nasab=Ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd
|nasab-ar={{lang|ar|ٱبْن جَرِير بْن يَزِيد}}
|kunya=Abū Jaʿfar
|kunya-ar={{lang|ar|أَبُو جَعْفَر}}
|nisba=Al-Ṭabarī
|nisba-ar={{lang|ar|ٱلطَّبَرِيّ}}
}}
}}
 
'''Abū Jaʿfar MuḥammadMuhammad ibn JarīrJarir ibn Yazīd al-ṬabarīYazid''' ({{lang-ar|أَبُومحمد جَعْفَربن مُحَمَّدجرير بْنبن جَرِيريزيد|translit=Muḥammad بْنibn يَزِيدJarīr ٱلطَّبَرِيّibn Yazīd}};), 839–923commonly [[Commonknown Era|CE]]by [224–310his {{Transliteration|ar|[[IslamicNisba calendar(onomastics)|AHnisba]]]), commonly known as}} '''al-ṬabarīTabari''' ({{lang-ar|ٱلطَّبَرِيّالطبري|translit=al-Ṭabarī}}), was a seventh-century [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] [[Muslim]] [[ulama|scholar]], [[polymath]], [[Islamic history|historian]], [[tafsir|exegete]], [[fiqh|jurist]], [[aqidah|theologian]], and [[Arabic literature|writer]]scholar from [[Amol]], [[Tabaristan]], now in present-day [[Iran]]. Among the most prominent figures of the [[Islamic Golden Age]], al-Tabari is widely known for his historical works and expertise in [[Quran|QuranicQur'anic exegesis]] exegesis({{transliteration|ar|tafsir}}), althoughbut he has also been described as "an impressively prolific [[polymath]]".<ref name=Lindsay>Lindsay Jones (ed.), ''Encyclopedia of religion'', volume 13, Macmillan Reference USA, 2005, p. 8943</ref> He authoredwrote works on a diverse range of subjects, including [[worldWorld history (field)|world history]], [[Arabic poetry|poetry]], [[lexicography]], [[Arabic grammar|grammar]], [[Islamic ethics|ethics]], [[Islamic mathematics|mathematics]], and [[Islamic medicine|medicine]].<ref name=Lindsay/><ref>{{citeCite book|title=The Cambridge History ofOf Iran, vol 4|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=1975|isbn=978-0-521-20093-6|location=London|pages=599}}</ref> Among his works are the celebrated Quranic commentary, ''[[Tafsir al-Tabari]]'', and the comprehensive historical chronicle, ''[[Tarikh al-Tabari]]''.
 
His most influential and best known works are his Quranic commentary, known in Arabic as {{transliteration|ar|[[Tafsir al-Tabari|Tafsīr al-Ṭabarī]]}}, and his historical chronicle called ''[[History of the Prophets and Kings]]'' ({{transliteration|ar|Tarīkh al-rusul wa-l-mulūk}}), often referred to as {{transliteration|ar|Tarīkh al-Ṭabarī}} ("al-Tabari's History").
 
Al-Tabari followed the [[Shafi'i school]] school for nearly a decade before he developed his own interpretation of [[Islam|Islamic]] jurisprudence]]. His understanding of it{{transliteration|ar|[[fiqh]]}} was both sophisticated and remarkably fluid, and, as such, he continued to develop his ideas and thoughts on juristic matters right untilto the end of his life.<ref>{{cite book|author=Muhammad Mojlum Khan|author-link=Muhammad Mojlum Khan|title=The Muslim 100: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of the Most Influential Muslims in History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4z49BAAAQBAJ|date=2009|publisher=Kube Publishing Ltd|isbn=9781847740298|page=182}}</ref>
 
Al-Tabari's school (''[[madhhab|school]]'') of jurisprudencelegal thought "flourished among [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] ulama for two centuries after his death", before it eventually became extinct.<ref name="jacb-m">{{cite book|last1 = A.C. Brown|first1 = Jonathan|author-link = Jonathan A.C. Brown|title = Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy|date = 2014|publisher = [[Oneworld Publications]]|isbn = 978-1780744209|page = [https://archive.org/details/misquotingmuhamm0000brow/page/193 193]|quote = Although it eventually became extinct, Tabari's madhhab flourished among Sunni ulama for two centuries after his death.|url-access = registration|url = https://archive.org/details/misquotingmuhamm0000brow/page/193}}</ref> It was commonlyusually designated asby the name [[Jariri|Jariri schooljurisprudence]].
 
==Biography==
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