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{{Short description|Muslim scholar, historian, and Quranic exegete (839–923)}}
{{Other people}}
{{Distinguish|text=the Muslim scholar and
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox religious biography
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|region=[[Abbasid Caliphate]]
|denomination=[[Sunni]]<ref>[[Jonathan A.C. Brown]] (2007), ''The Canonization of al-Bukhārī and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunnī Ḥadīth Canon'', p. 151. [[Brill Publishers]]. {{ISBN|9789004158399}}.</ref>
|creed=[[Ijtihad|Independent]]
|jurisprudence=[[Ijtihad|Independent]] (eponym of the [[Jariri school]])
|main_interests={{flatlist|
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}}
'''Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd al-Ṭabarī''' ({{lang-ar|أَبُو جَعْفَر مُحَمَّد بْن جَرِير بْن يَزِيد ٱلطَّبَرِيّ}}; 839–923 CE / 224–310 AH), commonly known as '''al-Ṭabarī''' ({{lang-ar|ٱلطَّبَرِيّ}}), was a [[Sunni Islam|Sunni Muslim]] [[ulama|scholar]], [[polymath]], [[traditionalist]],<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Formation of the Sunni Schools of Law, 9th-10th Centuries C.E |last=Melchert |first=Christopher |publisher=Brill Publishers |year=1997 |isbn=90-04-10952-8 | location= Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands | quote="..al-Tabarī and Ibn Khuzaymah were scholars of very great stature, their published creeds thoroughly traditionalist"|pages=154 |chapter=Chapter 7: Al-Khallal and the Classical Hanbali school}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title= Women in the Qur'an, Traditions, and Interpretation|last=Freyer Stowasser|first=Barbara|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1994|isbn=978-0-19-511148-4|location=New York|quote="The traditionalist Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (d. 923) authored a traditionist Qur’anic exegesis, Jami'al-bayan 'an ta’wil ay al-Qur'an (or fi tafsir al-Quran), and a traditionist History of the world.."|page=8|chapter=Introduction}}</ref> [[Islamic history|historian]], [[tafsir|exegete]], [[faqīh|jurist]], and [[aqidah|theologian]] from [[Amol]], [[Tabaristan]], now in present-day Iran. Among the most prominent figures of the [[Islamic Golden Age]], al-Tabari is widely known for his historical works and expertise in [[Quran|Quranic]] exegesis, and has been described as "an impressively prolific polymath".<ref name=Lindsay>Lindsay Jones (ed.), ''Encyclopedia of religion'', volume 13, Macmillan Reference USA, 2005, p. 8943</ref> He authored works on a diverse range of subjects, including [[world history (field)|world history]], [[Arabic poetry|poetry]], [[lexicography]], [[Arabic grammar|grammar]], [[Islamic ethics|ethics]], [[Islamic mathematics|mathematics]], and [[Islamic medicine|medicine]].<ref name=Lindsay/><ref>{{cite book|title=The Cambridge History of Iran, vol 4|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=1975|isbn=978-0-521-20093-6|location=London|pages=599}}</ref> Among his most famous and influential works are his Quranic commentary, ''[[Tafsir al-Tabari]]'', and historical chronicle, ''[[Tarikh al-Tabari]]''.
Al-Tabari followed the [[Shafi'i school]] for nearly a decade before he developed his [[ijtihad|own interpretation]] of [[fiqh|Islamic jurisprudence]]. His understanding of it was both sophisticated and remarkably fluid, and, as such, he continued to develop his ideas and thoughts on juristic matters right until the end of his life.<ref>{{cite book|author=Muhammad Mojlum Khan|author-link=Muhammad Mojlum Khan|title=The Muslim 100: The Lives, Thoughts and Achievements of the Most Influential Muslims in History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4z49BAAAQBAJ|date=2009|publisher=Kube Publishing Ltd|isbn=9781847740298|page=182}}</ref>
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His second great work was the commentary on the [[Qur'an]], (Arabic ''Tafsir al-Tabari''), which was marked by the same fullness of detail as the ''Annals''. Abul-Qaasim Ibn 'Aqil Al-Warraq says: " Imām Ibn Jarir once said to his students: “Are you all ready to write down my lesson on the commentary of the entire Holy Quran?" They enquired as to how lengthy it would be. "30 000 pages"! he replied. They said: "This would take a long time and cannot be completed in one lifetime. He therefore made it concise and kept it to 3000 pages (note, this was in reference to the old days when they used ink and hard-paper which was a bit long format today). It took him seven years to finish it from the year 283 until 290.
*''[[Tahdhib al-Athar|Tahdhīb al-Athār]]'' was begun by Tabari. This was on the traditions transmitted from the [[Sahaba|Companions]] of [[Muhammad]]. It was not, however, completed.
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[[Category:10th-century Persian-language writers]]
[[Category:Sunni imams]]
[[Category:Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari| ]]
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