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With the proclamation of the [[Roman Republic]] in [[510 BC]], all the territory occupied by Romans in "Latium vetus" came to be proclaimed [[ager publicus]], equivalent to state lands today, which were held by the state and could be granted to private citizens. The Roman municipal authorities of this era were the [[consul]]s. In effect, Rome was a gigantic city-territory continuously expanding across Europe.
[[Augustus|Octavian Augustus]] founded the office of [[praefectus urbis]] and other offices which divided the administration of the city of Rome from that of the Roman Empire. Thus was solved the problem of delimiting the territory of the [[municipium]] of Rome from the territory of the rest of the empire - besides the Regio I Latii et Campaniae administered by a specific governor, the confines of the municipal authority of Rome came to be fixed at the "centesimum lapidem" (ie one hundred miles) on each of the [[:Category:Roman roads in Italy|via consularis]] converging on Rome. So, ''de jure'', the Roman municipal authority controlled the whole of [[Lazio]] and part of Tuscany from [[Talamone]] to [[Terracina]] and also parts of [[Abruzzo]] and [[Umbria]].
The same territorial division was confirmed by the re-subdivision of the provinces by [[Diocletian]].
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