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==Biography==
Shapiro earned his S.B. in 1938 and an Sc.D. in 1946 in the field of [[mechanical engineering]] at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].
He was appointed assistant professor at MIT in 1943 where he taught [[fluid mechanics]]. He was Ford Professor from 1962 to 1975 and an Institute Professor from 1975 until he became Emeritus Institute Professor in 1986.
A prolific author of texts in his field, his two-volume treatise, ''The Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Compressible Fluid Flow'', published in 1953 and 1954, is considered a classic. His 1961 book ''Shape and Flow: The Fluid Dynamics of Drag'' explained boundary layer phenomena and drag in simple, non-mathematical terms. In the 1960s, he began to conduct research in fluid flow in the body.
In 1961, he founded the National Council for Fluid Mechanics Films (NCFMF)
He was Chair of the Institute's Faculty in 1964-1965 and head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering from 1965 to 1974.
He was elected to [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1952, the [[National Academy of Science]] in 1967, and [[National Academy of Engineering]] in 1974. He was awarded the Benjamin Garver Lamme Award by the [[American Society of Engineering Education]] in 1977. He was awarded the Fluids Engineering Award in 1977 and the [[Drucker Medal]] in 1999 by the [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]]. He was awarded honorary Doctor of Science in 1978 by the [[University of Salford]] and in 1985 by the [[Technion — Israel Institute of Technology|Technion]].<ref>''American Men and Women of Science'', 22nd ed., v. 6, p. 719, Thomson Gale, 2005, p. 719, ISBN 0-7876-7392-7.</ref>
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