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The last, and perhaps only, lynching in Athens occurred on February 16, 1921, when a mob of 3,000 people attacked the Athens courthouse and carried off John Lee Eberhart. Eberhart had been arrested for the murder of his employer, Ida D. Lee, with a shotgun in Oconee County. That night he was driven back to the Lee farm where a mock trial was held. Though he refused to confess, he was tied to a stake and burned to death. The lynching received widespread attention.<ref name="UGA">{{cite web |title=THE LYNCHING PROJECT: OCONEE COUNTY |url=https://digihum.libs.uga.edu/exhibits/show/the-lynching-project--murder-a/georgia-historic-overview/oconee-county |website=African American Experience in Athens |publisher=University of Georgia |access-date=6 September 2020 |archive-date=June 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200622012802/https://digihum.libs.uga.edu/exhibits/show/the-lynching-project--murder-a/georgia-historic-overview/oconee-county |url-status=dead }}</ref>
During [[World War II]], the [[U.S. Navy]] built new buildings and paved runways to serve as a training facility for naval pilots. In 1954, the U.S. Navy chose Athens as the site for the [[Navy Supply Corps]] school. The school was in [[Normaltown]] in the buildings of the old [[State Normal School (Athens, Georgia)|Normal School]]. It closed in 2011 under the [[Base Realignment and Closure]] process. The 56 acre site is now home to the Health Sciences Campus, which contains the University of Georgia/Medical College of Georgia Medical Partnership, the University of Georgia College of Public Health, and other health-related programs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Location & Facilities |url=https://publichealth.uga.edu/cph/location-and-facilities/ |access-date=2024-03-21 |website=College of Public Health UGA |language=en-US}}</ref>
In 1961, Athens witnessed part of the civil rights movement when [[Charlayne Hunter-Gault|Charlayne Hunter]] and [[Hamilton E. Holmes|Hamilton Holmes]] became the first two black students to enter the University of Georgia.<ref>Dyer, Thomas G. (1985).[https://archive.org/details/universityofgeor0000dyer/page/329 ''The University of Georgia: A Bicentennial History, 1785–1985''], p. 329. University of Georgia Press.</ref> Despite the ''[[Brown vs. Board of Education]]'' [[United States Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] ruling in 1954, the Athens–Clarke County school district remained segregated until 1964.
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