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{{short description|Art museum
{{about|the art museum|its art school|School of the Art Institute of Chicago}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2023}} {{Use American English|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox museum
| logo = File:Art Institute of Chicago logo.svg
| logo_size = 150px
| name = Art Institute of Chicago
| image = Art Institute of Chicago (51575570710).jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = The Art Institute of Chicago seen from [[Michigan Avenue (Chicago)|Michigan Avenue]]
| image_upright = 1
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| collection size = 300,000 works
| director = James Rondeau
| publictransit = '''[[List of Chicago Transit Authority bus routes|CTA Bus routes]]''':<br />([[Chicago Transit Authority|6 and 28 line]])<br /><br />'''[[Chicago 'L'|'L' and Subway]]''' stations:<br/><br />'''[[Adams/Wabash (CTA station)|Adams-Wabash]]''':<br />{{legend-line|
| website = {{url|https://www.artic.edu|artic.edu}}
}}
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As a research institution, the Art Institute also has a conservation and conservation science department, five conservation laboratories, and [[Ryerson & Burnham Libraries|Ryerson and Burnham Libraries]], one of the nation's largest art history and architecture libraries.
The
The Art Institute is associated with the [[School of the Art Institute of Chicago]], a leading art school, making it one of the few remaining unified arts institutions in the United States. ==History==
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The Art Institute's American Art collection contains some of the best-known works in the American canon, including [[Edward Hopper]]'s ''[[Nighthawks (painting)|Nighthawks]]'', [[Grant Wood]]'s ''[[American Gothic]]'', and [[Mary Cassatt]]'s ''[[The Child's Bath]]''. The collection ranges from colonial silver to modern and contemporary paintings.
The museum purchased ''Nighthawks'' in 1942 for $3,000;<ref name="artic.edu">{{cite web| url=http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/exhibitions/hopper/nighthawks| title=Nighthawks| website=Art Institute of Chicago}}</ref><ref>The sale was recorded by Josephine Hopper as follows, in volume II, p. 95 of her and Edward's journal of his art: "May 13, '42: Chicago Art Institute - 3,000 + return of Compartment C in exchange as part payment. 1,000 - 1/3 = 2,000." See Deborah Lyons, ''Edward Hopper: A Journal of His Work'' New York: Whitney Museum of American Art, 1997, p. 63.</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/museums/art-institute-of-chicago.htm#highlights| title=Art Institute of Chicago| website=visual-arts-cork.com}}</ref> its acquisition "launched" the painting into "immense popular recognition".<ref name="Levin">{{cite journal| year=1996| title=Edward Hopper's ''Nighthawks'', Surrealism, and the War| journal=Art Institute of Chicago Museum Studies| volume=22| issue=2| pages=180–195 at 189, 193–194| doi=10.2307/4104321| last=Levin| first=Gail| jstor=4104321}}</ref> Considered an "icon of American culture",<ref name="artic.edu" /><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2007/hopper/acloserlooka.shtm| title=Edward Hopper| year=2006| publisher=National Gallery of Art| work=A Closer Look| access-date=2013-04-30| archive-date=2013-03-12| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130312194016/http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2007/hopper/acloserlooka.shtm| url-status=dead}}</ref> ''
=== Ancient and Byzantine ===
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===Modern Wing===
[[File:Art Institute Modern Wing Night.jpg|thumb|Art Institute of Chicago Modern Wing]]
On May 16, 2009, the Art Institute opened the Modern Wing, the largest expansion in the museum's history.<ref name="architecutre">{{cite news| title=Renzo Piano Embraces Chicago| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/14/arts/design/14muse.html| first=Nicolai| last=Ourossof| date=May 13, 2009| newspaper=The New York Times| access-date=2011-06-13| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513210441/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/14/arts/design/14muse.html| archive-date=2011-05-13| url-status=live| df=mdy}}</ref> The {{convert|264000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} addition, designed by [[Renzo Piano]], makes the Art Institute the second-largest museum in the US.<ref name=secondlargest/> The [[architect of record]] in the City of Chicago for this building was Interactive Design.<ref>{{cite web| title=The Modern Wing At The Art Institute Of Chicago| website=Interactive Design Architects| url=https://interactivedesignarchitects.com/portfolio-post/the-modern-wing-at-the-art-institute-of-chicago/| access-date=2020-08-06| language=en-US}}</ref> The Modern Wing is home to the museum's collection of early 20th-century European art, including [[Pablo Picasso]]'s ''[[The Old Guitarist]]'', [[Henri Matisse]]'s ''Bathers by a River'', and [[René Magritte]]'s ''[[Time Transfixed]].'' The Lindy and Edwin Bergman Collection of Surrealist art includes the largest public display of [[Joseph Cornell]]'s works (37 boxes and collages).<ref>{{cite news |title=Joseph Cornell's Works At The Art Institute |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1997-03-23/entertainment/9703230020_1_joseph-cornell-utopia-parkway-art-institute |last=Seaman |first=Donna |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=March 23, 1997}}</ref> The Wing also houses [[contemporary art]] from after 1960; new photography, video media, architecture and design galleries including original renderings by [[Frank Lloyd Wright]], [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]] and [[Bruce Goff]]; temporary exhibition space; shops and classrooms;
In 2009, the Modern Wing won at the Chicago Innovation Awards.<ref>{{ cite news |title=2009 Chicago Innovation Award winners |url=http://www.chicagoinnovationawards.com/past-winners/2009 |website=Chicago Innovation Awards |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100311044420/http://www.chicagoinnovationawards.com/past-winners/2009 |archive-date=2010-03-11}}</ref>
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Following a volunteerism surge in the late 1940s, the program had been created in 1961 to revitalize and expand "programming for children."<ref>{{cite web |title=Expanding the Museum's Impact |url=https://www.artic.edu/learn-with-us |website=Learn with Us |publisher=The Art Institute Chicago |access-date=12 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321200418/https://www.artic.edu/learn-with-us |archive-date=21 March 2020 |quote=Volunteerism surged in the United States in the postwar period […] In this context, the Art Institute's Woman's Board was established in 1952 […] The Woman's Board also helped to create the museum's Docent Program in 1961 with the Junior League of Chicago as a means of revitalizing and expanding programming for children}}</ref> Among other matters, since 2014 the program had been trying to attract a more diverse socioeconomic perspective set of art-tour guides, given the unpaid time commitment needed.<ref>{{cite news |title=Art Institute of Chicago Ends Its Volunteer Docent Program |work=[[WBEZ]] News| date=1 October 2021 |url=https://www.wbez.org/stories/art-institute-of-chicago-ends-its-volunteer-docent-program/bb71f6da-5825-4d30-a47f-c334aac564a6}}</ref>
In 1996, heirs to Jewish art collectors Louise and [[Friedrich Gutmann]], who died in Nazi concentration camps, sued museum trustee [[Daniel C. Searle|Daniel Searle]] for the return of Edgar Degas painting's, ''Landscape with Smokestacks''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-07 |title=COLLECTOR SUED OVER NAZI VICTIMS' ART |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1996/07/19/collector-sued-over-nazi-victims-art/aa497d49-f8c3-4ce6-99a9-cc82847760b3/ |access-date=2024-03-09 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Tribune |first=Chicago |date=1997-03-24 |title=FAMILY SUES COLLECTOR, SAYS DEGAS WORK STOLEN BY NAZIS |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1997/03/24/family-sues-collector-says-degas-work-stolen-by-nazis/ |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=Chicago Tribune |language=en-US}}</ref> After years of litigation a settlement was concluded which involved the acquisition of the painting by the Art Institute.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dobrzynski |first=Judith H. |date=1998-08-14 |title=Settlement in Dispute Over a Painting Looted by Nazis |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/08/14/us/settlement-in-dispute-over-a-painting-looted-by-nazis.html |access-date=2024-03-09 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Landscape with Smokestacks – Friedrich Gutmann Heirs and Daniel Searle — Centre du droit de l'art |url=https://plone.unige.ch/art-adr/cases-affaires/landscape-with-smokestacks-2013-friedrich-gutmann-heirs-and-daniel-searle |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=plone.unige.ch |quote=The heirs of Holocaust victims Friedrich and Louise Gutmann, Nick and Simon Goodman and Lili Gutmann, filed a claim against the art dealer Daniel Searle. Searle was the owner of the painting “Landscape with Smokestacks” by Edgar Degas and was a Trustee of the Art Institute of Chicago, where the painting was on loan. The painting was allegedly looted by the Nazis during the Second World War. After four years of litigation, the parties agreed to share the ownership of the painting. The Gutmann heirs’ interest in the ownership was bought by the Art Institute of Chicago.}}</ref> A collection of approximately 500 objects from [[Nepal]], India and elsewhere in Asia that was donated to the Art Institute by trustee [[Marilynn Alsdorf]] in 1989 was later found to contain several objects that were looted; nine objects have been returned by the museum to Nepal over the years, while some additional items are still being contested.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CHERNEY |first=ELYSSA |title=She was the queen of
==In popular culture==
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==See also==
{{Portal bar|Chicago|Art}}
* [[American Academy of Art]]
* [[Bessie Bennett]], early 20th century Curator of Decorative Art
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[[Category:Tourist attractions along U.S. Route 66]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Chicago]]
[[Category:Cultural institutions and organizations in Chicago]]
[[Category:Arts organizations based in Illinois]]
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