Artaxerxes III: Difference between revisions

'''Artaxerxes III Ochus of Persia''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɑr|t|ə|ˈ|z|ɜr|k|s|iː|z}}; {{lang-peo|𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂}} ''Artaxšaçā'')<ref>{{cite book|last=Ghias Abadi|first=R. M.|title=Achaemenid Inscriptions (کتیبه‌های هخامنشی)&lrm;|edition=2nd|publisher=Shiraz Navid Publications|year=2004|location=Tehran|isbn=964-358-015-6|pages=144|language=Persian}}</ref> ({{nowrap|c. 425 BC –}} 338 BC) was the [[List of monarchs of Persia|Great King (Shah) of Persia]] and the eleventh king of the [[Achaemenid Empire]], as well as the first [[Pharaoh]] of the [[Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt|31st dynasty]] of [[Egypt]]. He was the son and successor of [[Artaxerxes II]] and was succeeded by his son, [[Arses of Persia]] (also known as Artaxerxes IV). His reign coincided with the reign of [[Philip II of Macedon|Philip II]] in [[Macedon]] and [[Nectanebo II]] in Egypt.

 

 

Before ascending the throne Artaxerxes was a [[satrap]] and commander of his father's army. Artaxerxes came to power after one of his brothers was executed, another committed suicide, the last murdered and his father, [[Artaxerxes II]] died. Soon after becoming king, Artaxerxes murdered all of the royal family to secure his place as king. He started two major campaigns against Egypt. The first campaign failed, and was followed up by rebellions throughout the western part of his empire. In 343&nbsp;BC, Artaxerxes defeated [[Nectanebo II]], the [[Pharaoh]] of Egypt, driving him from [[History of ancient Egypt|Egypt]], stopping a revolt in Phoenicia on the way.