Bunker: Difference between revisions

The military sense of the word was imported into English during World War II, at first in reference to specifically German dug-outs; according to the [[Oxford English Dictionary]], the sense of "military dug-out; a reinforced concrete shelter" is first recorded on 13 October 1939, in "A Nazi field gun hidden in a cemented 'bunker' on the Western front".<ref name="OED">''War Pictorial'', cited after {{cite book|chapter=bunker, n.1.c|title=Oxford English Dictionary|publisher=Oxford University Press|edition=Second |orig-year=1989|date=December 2011|url=http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/24799}} {{subscription}}</ref> All the early references to its usage in the Oxford English Dictionary are to German fortifications. However, in the [[South-East Asian theatre of World War II|Far East]] the term was also applied to the earth and log positions built by the Japanese, the term appearing in a 1943 instruction manual issued by the [[British Indian Army]] and quickly gaining wide currency.<ref>{{cite book|author=Tim Moreman|title=The Jungle, Japanese and the British Commonwealth Armies at War, 1941-45: Fighting Methods, Doctrine and Training for Jungle Warfare|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QcKWCEHQ1jYC&pg=PA98|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-76455-5|page=98}}</ref>

 

==Types==