British nationality law: Difference between revisions

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Children born in the UK to a resident Irish citizen at any time are always British citizens at birth.{{sfn|Treaty rights passport applications|p=12}} Since 1983, the status of a child born in the UK is dependent on whether their parents held British citizenship or settled status at the time of their birth. Irish citizens residing in the UK are deemed to hold settled status upon arrival .{{sfn|Sawyer|Wray|2014|pp=6, 11}}
 
Regulations concerning settled status for other [[European Union]] (EU), [[European Economic Area]] (EEA), and [[Switzerland|Swiss]] citizens have changed greatly over time, affecting the status of their children born during the different regulatory periods. EU/EEA citizens living in the UK before 2 October 2000 were automatically considered to be settled.{{sfn|Treaty rights passport applications|p=30}} Between that date and 29 April 2006, EU/EEA citizens were required to apply for permanent residency.<ref>{{cite web |title=Check if you're a British citizen: Born in the UK between 2 October 2000 and 29 April 2006 |publisher=[[Government of the United Kingdom]] |url=https://www.gov.uk/check-british-citizenship/born-in-the-uk-between-2-october-2000-and-29-april-2006 |access-date=25 January 2022 }}</ref> Swiss citizens became subject to the same regulations on 1 June 2002.{{sfn|Treaty rights passport applications|p=13}} From 30 April 2006 until 30 June 2021, EU/EEA and Swiss citizens living in the UK for at least five years automatically received permanent resident status.{{sfn|Treaty rights passport applications|p=32}} Permanent resident status for these citizens expired on 1 July 2021, after which they have been required to hold settled status through the [[European Union Settlement Scheme]] or another path.{{sfn|Treaty rights passport applications|p=16}}
 
Foreign nationals may naturalise as British citizens after residing in the UK for more than five years and possessing indefinite leave to remain (ILR) for at least one year. The residency requirement is reduced to three years if an applicant is married to a British citizen and they immediately become eligible for naturalisation after receiving ILR or equivalent.{{sfn|Sawyer|Wray|2014|p=12}} Applicants must demonstrate proficiency in the [[English language|English]], [[Welsh language|Welsh]], or [[Scottish Gaelic]] languages and pass the [[Life in the United Kingdom test]].{{sfn|Sawyer|Wray|2014|pp=12–13}}