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{{Contains special characters|Hebrew}}
The '''Banu Qurayza''' ({{lang-ar|بنو قريظة}}; alternate spellings include '''Quraiza''', '''Qurayzah''', '''Quraytha''', and the archaic '''Koreiza''') were a [[Jewish tribes of Arabia|Jewish tribe which lived in northern Arabia]], at the oasis of [[Medina]] (previously known as Yathrib). They were one of the three major Jewish tribes of the city, along with the [[Banu Qaynuqa]] and [[Banu Nadir]], before they were massacred by the [[Islam]]ic prophet [[Muhammad]].
Jewish tribes reportedly arrived in [[Hijaz]] in the wake of the [[Jewish–Roman wars]] and introduced agriculture, putting them in a culturally, economically and politically dominant position.<ref name="Kurayza" /><ref name="Peters192">Peters, ''Muhammad and the Origins of Islam'', p. 192f.</ref> However, in the 5th century, the [[Banu Aws]] and the [[Banu Khazraj]], two Arab tribes that had arrived from [[Yemen]], gained dominance.<ref name="Madina" /> When these two tribes became embroiled in conflict with each other, the Jewish tribes, now clients<ref name="Peters192" /><ref name="Judaica" /> or allies<ref name="Madina" /> of the Arabs, fought on different sides, the Qurayza siding with the Aws.<ref name="CambrWatt">Watt, "Muhammad", In: The Cambridge History of Islam, Vol. 1A, pp. 39-49</ref>
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