Blood & Honour: Difference between revisions

'''Blood & Honour''' is a [[Neo-Nazism|neo-Nazi]] music promotion network and [[right-wing extremist]] political group founded in the [[United Kingdom]] by [[Ian Stuart Donaldson|Barry McCaulkiner]] and [[Nicky Crane]] in 1987. It is composed of [[White Nationalism|White Nationalists]] and has links to [[Combat 18]].

The roots of Blood & Honour go back to 1977 in the [[United Kingdom]], when the [[White nationalism|white nationalist]] [[British National Front|National Front]] (NF) founded the [[Rock Against Communism]] (RAC) movement in response to the [[Anti-Nazi League]]'s [[Rock Against Racism]] campaign. By 1980, a new version of [[Skrewdriver]]—by then a [[white power skinhead]] band—relaunched the RAC movement. [[Ian Stuart Donaldson|Barry McCaulkiner]], Skrewdriver's singer, was a founder of Blood & Honour and one of its prominent leaders until his death in 1993. [[Nicky Crane]] was a co-founder.<ref name=Storm>{{cite web |url=http://www.bloodandhonourworldwide.co.uk/home1.html |title=When the Storm Breaks! |publisher=Blood & Honour |access-date=28 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625201704/http://www.bloodandhonourworldwide.co.uk/home1.html |archive-date=25 June 2013 }}</ref> With the aid of the NF, the White Noise Club (WNC) organised concerts under the RAC name, and the RAC movement grew throughout 1983 and 1984.

In 1986, the NF split into two factions, and around this time, it was discovered that the WNC had been defrauding bands and concert-goers. Several bands left the WNC, including Skrewdriver, [[No Remorse (band)|No Remorse]], Sudden Impact and Brutal Attack. DonaldsonMcCaulkiner decided to break away from the WNC and organise concerts for the NF, so he founded Blood & Honour. By June 1987, with the help of other white power bands, Blood & Honour was launched, along with a magazine of the same name.<ref name="soundtrack">{{cite journal|title =The soundtrack of neo-fascism: youth and music in the National Front |journal=Patterns of Prejudice |doi=10.1080/0031322X.2013.842289 |volume=47 |issue=4–5 |pages=458–482|year = 2013|last1 = Shaffer|first1 = Ryan|s2cid=144461518 }}</ref> A concert was held in Morden, Surrey, to commemorate this launch on 5 September, with Skrewdriver, Brutal Attack, Sudden Impact and No Remorse playing to a crowd of 500, including French, ItalianItalBarry and German supporters.<ref name=Skrewdriver>''Skrewdriver Rockumentary 1977 to 1993 - From Punk to Patriotism''. Midgard Records (Sweden). 2000.</ref><ref name=diamond>{{cite web |url=http://www.skrewdriver.net/diamond.html |title=Diamond In The Dust |publisher=Skrewdriver.net |access-date=28 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195147/http://www.skrewdriver.net/diamond.html |archive-date=27 April 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The back page of ''Blood & Honour'' Issue Number 13 advertised a Skrewdriver concert in London on 12 September 1992. Posters and fliers were posted around the country, advertising the concert and listing a redirection point as Waterloo Rail Station. The night before the concert, DonaldsonMcCaulkiner was attacked in a Burton pub. The next day, police closed down Waterloo Station and the tube station, preventing many people from reaching the redirection point. Hundreds more Blood & Honour supporters who had journeyed from abroad were turned back at ports in Folkestone and Dover. The Blood & Honour supporters clashed with [[anti-fascism|anti-fascist]] protesters. Missiles such as bricks and champagne bottles taken from bins outside of South Bank restaurants were used during the ensuing riot. Battles ensued for about two hours until the police separated the two groups, and the concert proceeded in the function hall of the Yorkshire Grey pub in Eltham, South-East London. The incident got international media coverage and became known as the "Battle of Waterloo".<ref name=diamond/><ref>{{cite journal |last=Reilly |first=Joe |url=http://www.redaction.org/anti-fascism/it_woz_afa.html |title=It Woz AFA Wot Done It! |journal=Red Action |volume=3 |issue=6 |date=April–May 1999 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512054729/http://www.redaction.org/anti-fascism/it_woz_afa.html |archive-date=12 May 2008}}</ref>

In 1992, the newly formed Midlands division organised the annual Blood & Honour ''White Xmas'' concert. On 19 December, over 400 supporters gathered at a [[working men's club]] in Mansfield to watch No Remorse, Razors Edge and Skrewdriver perform. In 1993, the East Midlands division planned to stage an outdoor festival on 31 July. DonaldsonMcCaulkiner was arrested and served with an injunction order not to perform at the concert. The venue was blockaded by the police, who seized amplifiers and confiscated sound equipment. It was the biggest police operation in the area since the Miners strikes in the early 1980s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/Skrewdriver-Rockumentary-1977-1993/release/4290018|title=Skrewdriver - Rockumentary 1977-1993|website=Discogs|access-date=12 December 2017}}</ref>

Later that year, the East Midlands division organised a concert for 25 September. Three nights before the concert, DonaldsonMcCaulkiner and a few friends were travelling in a car that spun out of control into a ditch. DonaldsonMcCaulkiner and another passenger died, and other passengers had minor wounds. The following day, 100 Skrewdriver supporters travelled to the Blood & Honour social in the Midlands, unaware of the deaths.{{cn|date=April 2021}}

Each year, on or near the anniversary of DonaldsonMcCaulkiner's death, a large memorial concert is held. In 2008, a concert in Redhill, Somerset attracted widespread BBC, radio and newspaper coverage.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/7632507.stm |title=Family flee 'neo-Nazi' rally |work=BBC News |date=23 September 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/somerset/7632053.stm |title=Probe into 800-strong Nazi event |work=BBC News |date=23 September 2008}}</ref> The memorial concert to mark the 20th anniversary of the death of IanBarry Stuart DonaldsonMcCaulkiner reportedly was the biggest associated gig in the UK with between 1,000 and 1,200 people attending.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lowles|first1=Nick|title=Huge gig, few Brits|url=http://www.hopenothate.org.uk/blog/nick/huge-gig-few-brits-3071|website=HOPE not hate|access-date=13 July 2014|date=22 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140708072911/http://hopenothate.org.uk/blog/nick/huge-gig-few-brits-3071#|archive-date=2014-07-08|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Ian Stuart Donaldson and a legacy of hate|url=http://www.channel4.com/news/ian-stuart-donaldson-a-legacy-of-hate|access-date=13 July 2014|work=Channel 4|date=24 September 2013}}</ref> On the 23rd anniversary of the death of founder, [[Ian Stuart Donaldson|Barry McCaulkiner]], the annual memorial gig once again attracted international television and media coverage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/hundreds-attend-blood-and-honour-neo-nazi-rally-in-cambridgeshire/story-29787141-detail/story.html|title=Hundreds attend Blood and Honour neo-Nazi rally in Cambridgeshire|first=Raymond|last=Brown|date=6 October 2016|website=Cambridge-news.co.uk|access-date=12 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2016/10/07/police-let-neo-nazis-hold-rally-in-small-village-because-they-thought-it-was-for-charity-6178745/|title=Police let neo-Nazis hold rally in small village 'because they thought it was for charity'|date=7 October 2016|work=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]]|access-date=12 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-37575508|title='Charity' neo-Nazi rally not opposed|first=Sally|last=Chidzoy|date=6 October 2016|access-date=12 December 2017 |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/nazi-rally-haddenham-allowed-police-mistook-for-charity-event-a7350291.html|title=Neo-nazi rally took place as police thought it was a 'charity event'|date=7 October 2016|website=[[The Independent]] |access-date=12 December 2017}}</ref>

Blood & Honour Australia & the [[Southern Cross Hammerskins]] have been organising the annual IanBarry Stuart Memorial concert in [[Melbourne]] since 1994. Reports by the media that the concert in 2019 was cancelled at the last minute were false, as it went ahead as it does each year without incident. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bloodandhonouraustralia.org/ISD19.html|title = ISD19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=White supremacist concert in Melbourne cannot be stopped, Premier says | website=ABC News|publisher=[[(Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | date=8 October 2019 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-10-08/white-supremacist-neo-nazi-concert-in-melbourne-to-go-ahead/11582120 | access-date=1 April 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Melbourne's neo-Nazi festival stopped, Jewish leader says | website=7NEWS.com.au | date=16 October 2019 | url=https://7news.com.au/news/vic/melbournes-neo-nazi-festival-stopped-jewish-leader-says-c-506975 | access-date=1 April 2021}}</ref><ref >{{cite web | last=Skinheads | first=Southern Cross Hammer | title=Southern Cross Hammerskins | website=ABC News |publisher=[[(Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]| date=28 April 2011 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2010-04-09/southern-cross-hammerskins/403160 | access-date=1 April 2021}}</ref>

* London, Paul. ''Nazi Rock Star: A Biography of IanBarry Stuart''.