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{{see also|Biblical inspiration|Biblical infallibility|Biblical literalism|Biblical authority|Criticism of the bible|Internal consistency of the Bible|Science and the Bible|The Bible and history}}
The word ''inerrancy'' is formed from the word ''inerrant'', from the Latin ''inerrāntem'', (being in- + errāntem the present participle of errāre to err or wander). It is defined by the [[Oxford English Dictionary]] as "That does not err; free from error; unerring."<ref>''Oxford English Dictionary''.</ref>
Another word often used to characterize the Bible is "infallible". From dictionary definitions, Frame (2002) insists that this is a stronger term than "inerrant". "'Inerrant' means there are no errors; 'infallible' means there ''can be'' no errors".<ref>Frame, John M. "Is the Bible Inerrant?" IIIM Magazine Online, Volume 4, Number 19, May 13 to May 20, 2002 [http://reformedperspectives.org/files/reformedperspectives/theology/TH.Frame.inerrancy.html]</ref> Yet he agrees that "modern theologians insist on redefining that word also, so that it actually says less than 'inerrancy. '" [[Harold Lindsell|Lindsell]] (1978) states that "The very nature of inspiration renders the Bible infallible, which means that it cannot deceive us. It is inerrant in that it is not false, mistaken, or defective".<ref>[[Harold Lindsell|Lindsell, Harold]]. ''The Battle for the Bible. '' Zondervan, 1978, p.31. {{ISBN
According to H. Chaim Schimmel, [[Judaism]] had never promulgated a belief in the literal word of the [[Hebrew Bible]], hence the co-existence of the [[Oral Torah]].<ref>Schimmel, H. Chaim, ''The Oral Law: The rabbinic contribution to Torah Shebe'al Peh'', 2nd, revised ed., Feldheim Publishers, Jerusalem, 1996, pp.19-21</ref>
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In the 1970s and 1980s, however, the debate in theological circles, which centered on the issue of whether or not the Bible was [[Biblical infallibility|infallible]] or both infallible and inerrant, came into the spotlight. Some notable Christian [[seminary|seminaries]], such as [[Princeton Theological Seminary]] and [[Fuller Theological Seminary]], were formally adopting the doctrine of infallibility while rejecting the doctrine of inerrancy.
The other side of this debate focused largely around the magazine ''[[Christianity Today]]'' and the book entitled ''The Battle for the Bible'' by Harold Lindsell.<ref>Lindsell, Harold. ''The Battle for the Bible. '' Zondervan, 1978. {{ISBN
== Inerrancy in autographic texts and modern versions ==
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In the introduction to his book ''Credible Christianity'', Anglican Bishop [[Hugh Montefiore]], makes this comment:
: The doctrine of biblical inerrancy seems inherently improbable, for two reasons. Firstly, the Scriptures contain what seem to be evident errors and contradictions (although great ingenuity has been applied to explain these away). Secondly, the books of the Old and New Testaments did not gain their place within the "canon", or list of approved books, as soon as they were written. The Old Testament canon was not closed until late in the Apostolic age, and the New Testament canon was not finally closed until the fourth century. If all the Bible's contents were inerrant, one would have thought that this would have become apparent within a much shorter period.<ref>Montefiore, Hugh. ''Credible Christianity: The Gospel in Contemporary Society'', London: Mowbray, 1993; Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 1994. p. 5. {{ISBN
==== Meaning of "Word of God" ====
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== References ==
* [[Bart D. Ehrman]], 2003. ''Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew''. Oxford University Press, Inc. {{ISBN
* [[Charles Caldwell Ryrie]] (1981). ''What you should know about inerrancy''. {{ISBN
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140531175312/http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651118_dei-verbum_en.html Dei Verbum] Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation (1965)
* Ethelbert W. Bullinger, ''Figures of Speech Used in the Bible'' Grand Rapids, Mich.: Baker Book House, 1970.
* [[Gleason Archer]], 2001. ''New Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties''. {{ISBN
* {{Cite journal| last = Finkelstein| first = Israel| authorlink = Israel Finkelstein| last2 = Silberman| first2 = Neil Asher| title = The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts| publisher = Simon and Schuster| location = New York| year = 2001| isbn = 0-7432-2338-1| url = https://books.google.com/books?lr=&q=Finkelstein+Bible+Unearthed+Exodus+unoccupied&btnG=Search+Books| postscript = }}.
* Herzog, Ze'ev. "Deconstructing the walls of Jericho". [[Ha'aretz]] October 29, 1999. Web: [https://web.archive.org/web/20081221231334/http://mideastfacts.org/facts/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=32&Itemid=34 Deconstructing the walls of Jericho].
* [[John Walvoord]] (1990). ''What We Believe: Understanding and Applying the Basics of Christian Life''. {{ISBN
* Kathleen C. Boone: ''The Bible Tells Them So: The Discourse of Protestant Fundamentalism'', State Univ of New York Press 1989, {{ISBN
* [[N. T. Wright]], ''The Last Word: Beyond Bible Wars to a New Understanding of the Authority of Scripture. '' Harper-San Francisco, 2005. {{ISBN
* Norman Geisler and Thomas Howe, (1999) ''When Critics Ask: A Popular Handbook on Bible Difficulties. ''
* Norman Geisler and William E. Nix., ''A General Introduction to the Bible'', Moody Publishers; Rev&Expndd edition (August 1986), {{ISBN
* [[Norman Geisler]], ed. (1980). ''Inerrancy''. {{ISBN
* [[R. C. Sproul|Sproul, R. C.]]. ''Hath God Said?'' ([https://ecom.ligonier.org/ecom/product.asp?idProduct=HAT01VC video series]).
* Walter C. Kaiser, Peter H. Davids, [[F. F. Bruce]], Manfred T. Brauch. (1996). ''Hard Sayings of the Bible''
* [[B. B. Warfield|Warfield, B. B.]] (1977 reprint). ''Inspiration and Authority of Bible'', with a lengthy introductory essay by [[Cornelius Van Til]]. {{ISBN
==Further reading==
* J. Benton White (1993). ''Taking the Bible Seriously: Honest Differences about Biblical Interpretation''. First ed. Louisville, Ky.: Westminster/John Knox Press. xii, 177 p. {{ISBN
== External links ==
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