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=== Theological criticism ===
Proponents of biblical inerrancy often cite {{bibleverse|2|Timothy|3:16|9}} as evidence that scripture is inerrant. For this argument, they prefer translations which render the verse as "all scripture is given by inspiration of God", and they interpret this to mean that the whole Bible must therefore be inerrant. However, critics of this doctrine think that the Bible makes no direct claim to be inerrant or infallible. [[C. H. Dodd]] argues the same sentence can also be translated "Every inspired scripture is also useful
In addition, [[Michael T. Griffith]], the [[Mormon]] apologist, writes:
The Catholic [[New Jerusalem Bible]] also has a note that this passage refers only to the Old Testament writings understood to be scripture at the time it was written.<ref>New Jerusalem Bible, study edition, p. 1967, DLT 1994</ref> Furthermore, the Catholic Veritas Bible website notes that "Rather than characterizing the Old Testament scriptures as required reading, Paul is simply promoting them as something useful or advantageous to learn. ... it falls far short of a salvational requirement or theological system. Moreover, the four purposes (to teach, correct, etc.) for which scripture is declared to be
The view that biblical inerrancy can be justified by an appeal to [[prooftext]]s that refer to its divine inspiration has been criticized as [[circular reasoning]], because these statements are only considered to be true if the Bible is already thought to be inerrant.<ref>
Holman Bible Editorial, "[https://books.google.com/books?id=R9iLVBGZikUC&pg=PA51&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
In the introduction to his book ''Credible Christianity'', Anglican Bishop [[Hugh Montefiore]],
{{quote|The doctrine of biblical inerrancy seems inherently improbable, for two reasons. Firstly, the Scriptures contain what seem to be evident errors and contradictions (although great ingenuity has been applied to explain these away). Secondly, the books of the Old and New Testaments did not gain their place within the "canon", or list of approved books, as soon as they were written. The Old Testament canon was not closed until late in the Apostolic age, and the New Testament canon was not finally closed until the fourth century. If all the Bible's contents were inerrant, one would have thought that this would have become apparent within a much shorter period.<ref>Montefiore, Hugh. ''Credible Christianity: The Gospel in Contemporary Society'', London: Mowbray, 1993; Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 1994. p. 5. {{ISBN|0-8028-3768-9}}</ref>}}
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{{See also|Virgin birth of Jesus}}
One translation problem concerns the New Testament assertion that Jesus Christ was [[virgin birth of Jesus|born of a virgin]]. If the Bible were inerrant, then this would be true. However, critics have suggested that the use of the word ''virgin'' may have been merely a translation error.
{{bibleref2|Matthew|1:22–23|31}} reads: "All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: 'The ''virgin'' will be with child and will give birth to a son, and ''they'' will call him Immanuel'—which means, 'God with us
On this point, Browning's ''A Dictionary of the Bible'' states that in the Septuagint (dated as early as the late 2nd century BCE), "the Greek ''parthenos'' was used to translate the Hebrew ''almah'', which means a 'young woman{{'"}}.<ref>Browning, WRF, ''A dictionary of the Bible'', Oxford University Press, 2004. Entry for ''virgin birth''.</ref> The dictionary also notes that "the earliest writers of the [New Testament] (Mark and Paul) show no knowledge of such a virginal conception". Furthermore, the ''[[Encyclopedia Judaica]]'' calls this "a two-millennium misunderstanding of Isaiah 7:14", which "indicates nothing concerning the chastity of the woman in question".<ref>Skolnik, F., ''Encyclopedia Judaica'', 2nd Edition, 2006, Volume 20, p. 540.</ref>
Another writer, [[David Strauss]] in ''The Life of Jesus'', writes
== See also ==
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