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{{short description|Books of the Bible}}
{{Tanakh OT|Nevi'im|historical}}
The '''Book of Samuel''' ({{Lang-he|ספר שמואל}}, ''Sefer Shmuel''; {{lang-la|Libri Samuelis}}) is a book in the [[Hebrew Bible]], found as two books ('''1–2 Samuel''') in the [[Old Testament]]. The book is part of the [[Deuteronomistic history]], a series of books ([[Book of Joshua|Joshua]], [[Book of Judges|Judges]], Samuel, and [[Books of Kings|Kings]]) that constitute a theological history of the [[Israelites]] and that aim to explain [[Torah|God's law for Israel]] under the guidance of the prophets.{{sfn|Gordon|1986|p=18}}
According to Jewish tradition, the book was written by [[Samuel]], with additions by the prophets [[Gad (prophet)|Gad]] and [[Nathan (prophet)|Nathan]],<ref name="JewishEncyclopedia">{{cite web |last1=Hirsch |first1=Emil G. |title=SAMUEL, BOOKS OF|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13080-samuel-books-of |website=www.jewishencyclopedia.com}}</ref> who together are three [[Biblical prophet|prophet]]s who had appeared within 1 Chronicles during the account of David's reign.<ref>{{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|29:29|NIV}}</ref><ref>Mathys, H. P., ''1 and 2 Chronicles'' in Barton, J. and Muddiman, J. (2001), The Oxford Bible Commentary, p. 283</ref> Modern scholarly thinking posits that the entire Deuteronomistic history was composed ''circa'' 630–540 BCE by combining a number of independent texts of various ages.{{sfn|Knight|1995|p=62}}{{sfn|Jones|2001|p=197}}
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