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The '''Central line''' is a [[London Underground]] line that runs through central London, from {{lus|Epping}}, [[Essex]], in the north-east to {{lus|Ealing Broadway}} and {{lus|West Ruislip}} in west London. Printed in red on the [[Tube map]], the line serves 49 stations over {{convert|46|mi}}, making it the longest line on the Underground.<ref name="Line Facts" /> It is one of only two lines on the Underground network to cross the [[Greater London]] boundary, the other being the [[Metropolitan line]]. One of London's [[London Underground infrastructure#Sub-surface network and deep-level tube lines|deep-level railways]], Central line trains are smaller than those on British main lines.
The line was opened as the [[Central London Railway]] in 1900, crossing central London on an east–west axis along the central shopping street of [[Oxford Street]] to the financial centre of the [[City of London]]. It was later extended to the western suburb of [[Ealing]]. In the 1930s, plans were created to expand the route into the new suburbs, taking over steam-hauled outer-suburban routes to the borders of London and beyond to the east. These projects were mostly realised after the [[Second World War]], when construction stopped and the unused tunnels were used as air-raid shelters and factories. However, suburban growth was limited by the [[Metropolitan Green Belt]]: of the planned expansions one (to {{rws|Denham}}, Buckinghamshire) was cut short and the eastern terminus of {{rws|Ongar}} ultimately closed in 1994 due to low patronage; part of this section between Epping and Ongar later became the [[Epping Ongar Railway]]. The Central line has mostly been operated by [[automatic train operation]] since a major refurbishment in the 1990s, although all trains still carry drivers. Many of its stations are of historic interest, from turn-of-the-century Central London Railway buildings in west London to post-war modernist designs on the West Ruislip and Hainault branches, as well as Victorian-era [[Eastern Counties Railway]] and [[Great Eastern Railway]] buildings east of {{stn|Stratford}}, from when the line to Epping was a rural branch line.
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In accordance with this plan, the first 8-car trains of [[London Underground 1992 Stock|1992 Stock]] entered service in 1993,{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=198}}<ref name="RSI">{{cite web |title=Rolling Stock Information Sheets |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/foi/Rolling_stock_Data_Sheet_2nd_Edition.pdf |access-date=26 November 2012 |publisher=London Underground |archive-date=4 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004231025/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/foi/Rolling_stock_Data_Sheet_2nd_Edition.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> and while the necessary signalling works for ATO were in progress, [[One person operation|One Person Operation]] (OPO) was phased in between 1993 and 1995.{{sfn|Day|Reed|2010|p=200}} [[Automatic train protection]] was commissioned from 1995 to 1997 and [[Automatic train operation|ATO]] from 1999 to 2001, with a centralised control centre in West London.<ref name="Line Facts" />
The trains are currently{{When|date=March 2024}} undergoing a refurbishment programme known as CLIP (Central Line Improvement Programme). The trains will have passenger information displays, wheelchair areas and CCTV installed. The programme, which includes updating motors, lighting, doors and seats, is being carried out at a new Train Modification Unit (TMU) in Acton and was expected to complete in late 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rullion|title=Be a part of the Central Line Improvement Programme|url=https://www.rullion.co.uk/candidate-campaigns/be-a-part-of-the-central-line-improvement-programme/|access-date=17 February 2021|website=Rullion}}</ref> However in November 2020 TfL revealed this had been delayed, with expected completion by the end of 2025.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/transparency/freedom-of-information/foi-request-detail?referenceId=FOI-1559-2021 | title=FOI request detail }}</ref>
=== Future rolling stock ===
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