Content deleted Content added
m rv, not needed, disrupts flow of page ... out-of-p |
→See also: alphabetise it then |
||
| (5 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Reduction of a word to one of its parts}}
{{
In [[linguistics]], '''clipping''', also called '''truncation''' or '''shortening''',<ref name=Oxford/> is [[word formation]] by removing some [[Segment (linguistics)|segments]] of an existing word to create a [[synonym]].<ref name=Marchand/> Clipping differs from [[abbreviation]], which is based on a shortening of the written, rather than the spoken, form of an existing word or phrase. Clipping is also different from [[back-formation]], which proceeds by (pseudo-)[[morpheme]] rather than segment, and where the new word may differ in sense and [[word class]] from its source.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=NAGANO|first=AKIKO|date=2007|journal=Acta Linguistica Hungarica|volume=54|issue=1|pages=33–72|issn=1216-8076|jstor=26190112|title=Marchand's Analysis of Back-Formation Revisited|doi=10.1556/ALing.54.2007.1.2|url=http://real.mtak.hu/54952/1/aling.54.2007.1.2.pdf}}</ref>
==Creation==
According to [[Hans Marchand]], clippings are not coined as words belonging to the [[core lexicon]] of a language.<ref name=Marchand/> They originate as [[jargon]] or [[slang]] of an [[in-group]], such as schools, army, police, and the medical profession. For example, {{Not a typo|''exam''(ination)}}, {{Not a typo|''math''(ematics)}}, and {{Not a typo|''lab''(oratory)}} originated in school [[slang]]; {{Not a typo|''spec''(ulation)}} and {{Not a typo|''tick''(et}} = credit) in stock-exchange slang; and {{Not a typo|''vet''(eran)}} and {{Not a typo|''cap''(tain)}} in army slang. Clipped forms can pass into common usage when they are widely useful, becoming part of standard
==Types==
According to {{Interlanguage link
* Final clipping or [[apocope]]
* Initial clipping, [[Apheresis (linguistics)|apheresis]], or procope
Line 35:
*[[Abbreviation]]
*[[Acronym]]
*[[Blend word]]
*[[Clipping (phonetics)]]
*[[Compound (linguistics)]]
*[[Contraction (grammar)]]
*[[Diminutive]]
*[[Word formation]]
{{Div col end}}
| |||