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According to [[Christian theologian]] [[Alister McGrath]], the Jewish Christians affirmed every aspect of then contemporary [[Second Temple Judaism]] with the addition of the belief that Jesus was the messiah,<ref>McGrath, Alister E., Christianity: An Introduction. Blackwell Publishing (2006). {{ISBN|1-4051-0899-1}}. p. 174: "In effect, they [Jewish Christians] seemed to regard Christianity as an affirmation of every aspect of contemporary Judaism, with the addition of one extra belief—that Jesus is the Messiah. Unless males were [[Circumcision controversy in early Christianity|circumcised]], they could not be saved{{bibleverse||Acts|15:1}}.";see also [[Paleo-orthodoxy]]</ref> with Isaiah 49:6, "an explicit parallel to 42:6" quoted by [[Paul the Apostle]] in Acts 13:47<ref>Beale, Gregory K., Other Religions in New Testament Theology, in David Weston Baker, ed., ''Biblical faith and other religions: an evangelical assessment'', Kregel Academic, 2004, p. 85</ref> and reinterpreted by [[Justin Martyr]].<ref>McKeehan, James, ''An Overview of the Old Testament and How It Relates to the New Testament'', iUniverse, 2002, p. 265</ref><ref>Philippe Bobichon, "L'enseignement juif, païen, hérétique et chrétien dans l'œuvre de Justin Martyr", ''Revue des Études Augustiniennes'' 45/2 (1999), pp. 233-259 [https://www.academia.edu/7279724/_Lenseignement_juif_pa%C3%AFen_h%C3%A9r%C3%A9tique_et_chr%C3%A9tien_dans_l%C5%93uvre_de_Justin_Martyr_Revue_des_%C3%89tudes_Augustiniennes_45_2_1999_p_233_259 online]</ref> According to Christian writers, most notably Paul, the Bible teaches that people are, in their current state, [[sin]]ful,<ref>{{bibleverse||Romans|3:23}}</ref> and the [[New Testament]] reveals that Jesus is both the [[Son of man]] and the [[Son of God]], united in the [[hypostatic union]], [[God the Son]], [[God in Christianity|God]] made [[incarnate]];<ref>{{bibleverse||John|1:1}}, {{bibleverse||John|1:14}}, {{bibleverse||John|1:29}}</ref> that [[Crucifixion of Jesus|Jesus' death by crucifixion]] was a [[Atonement in Christianity|sacrifice to atone]] for all of humanity's sins, and that acceptance of Jesus as [[Christian soteriology|Savior]] and [[Hæland|Lord]] saves one from [[Divine Judgment]],<ref>{{bibleverse||John|5:24}}</ref> giving [[Eternal life (Christianity)|Eternal life]].<ref>{{bibleverse||John|3:16|NIV}}</ref> Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant.<ref name="bibleverse||Hebrews|8:6|NIV"/> His famous [[Sermon on the Mount]] is considered by some Christian scholars<ref>See also [[Expounding of the Law#Antithesis of the Law|Antithesis of the Law]]</ref> to be the proclamation of the [[Ethics in religion#Christian ethics|New Covenant ethics]], in [[Typology (theology)|contrast]] to the [[Mosaic Covenant]] of [[Moses]] from [[Biblical Mount Sinai|Mount Sinai]].
But some scholars, like [[Margaret Barker]], propose that early Christianity has roots in [[First Temple]] [[Yahwism|Israelite religion]], which is dubbed as the "Temple Theology".<ref>Collinwood, Dean W. & James W. McConkie. (2006). [https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=3777&context=byusq 'Temple Theology: An Introduction' by Margaret Barker]. Provo, UT: [[BYU Studies Quarterly|BYU Studies]] 45:2 (May 2006).</ref> Baker's works have been criticized for engaging in [[parallelomania]]
==Sacred texts==
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===Shituf===
{{Main|Shituf}}
A minority Jewish view
==Right action==
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{{Main|Judaism and abortion|Christianity and abortion|Ensoulment#Judaism}}
{{more citations needed section|date=October 2021}}
The only statements in the Tanakh about the status of a fetus state that killing an unborn infant does not have the same status as killing a born human being, and mandates a much lesser penalty.<ref>Exodus 21: 22–25</ref><ref>Daniel Schiff, 2002, ''Abortion in Judaism'', Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 9–11</ref> (
The Talmud states that the fetus is not yet a full human being until it has been born (either the head or the body is mostly outside of the woman), therefore killing a fetus is not murder, and abortion—in restricted circumstances—has always been legal under Jewish law. [[Rashi]], the great 12th century commentator on the Bible and Talmud, states clearly of the fetus ''lav nefesh hu'': "it is not a person". The Talmud contains the expression ''ubar yerech imo''—the fetus is as the thigh of its mother,' i.e., the fetus is deemed to be part and parcel of the pregnant woman's body." The Babylonian Talmud [[Yevamot]] 69b states that: "the embryo is considered to be mere water until the fortieth day." Afterwards, it is considered subhuman until it is born. Christians who agree with these views may refer to this idea as abortion before the [[quickening]] of the fetus.
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===Taboo food and drink===
{{Main|Taboo food and drink|Kashrut}}
Orthodox Jews, unlike most Christians, still practice a restrictive diet that has many rules. Most Christians believe that the kosher food laws have been [[Supersessionism|superseded]]
Some Christian denominations observe some biblical food laws, for example, the practice of [[Ital]] in [[Rastafari]]. [[Jehovah's Witnesses]] do not eat blood products and are known for their refusal to accept [[blood transfusion]]s based on not "eating blood".
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