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Updated the copyright infobox, from changes made to copyright circa Apr 2022, available at https://www.crossway.org/permissions/ |
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| complete_bible_published = 2001
| derived_from = [[Revised Standard Version]] (2nd ed., 1971)
| textual_basis = {{Ubl|'''[[Old Testament|OT]]''': ''[[Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia]]'' (5th ed., 1997); additional sources in difficult cases<ref name="esv-ot-basis">{{Cite web |title=Preface to the English Standard Version |url=https://www.esv.org/preface/ |website=ESV.org |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526061435/https://www.esv.org/preface/ |archive-date=May 26, 2020 |access-date=January 4, 2021 |quote=The ESV [Old Testament] is based on the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible as found in ''Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia'' (5th ed., 1997){{Nbsp}}... The currently renewed respect among Old Testament scholars for the Masoretic text is reflected in the ESV’s attempt, wherever possible, to translate difficult Hebrew passages as they stand in the Masoretic text rather than resorting to emendations or to finding an alternative reading in the ancient versions. In exceptional, difficult cases, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Septuagint, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the Syriac Peshitta, the Latin Vulgate, and other sources were consulted to shed possible light on the text, or, if necessary, to support a divergence from the Masoretic text.}}</ref>|'''[[New Testament|NT]]''': [[United Bible Societies|UBS]] ''Greek New Testament'' (5th corrected ed.); ''[[Novum Testamentum Graece]]'' (28th ed., 2012)<ref name="esv-nt-basis">{{Cite web |title=Preface to the English Standard Version |url=https://www.esv.org/preface/ |website=ESV.org |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526061435/https://www.esv.org/preface/ |archive-date=May 26, 2020 |access-date=January 4, 2021 |quote=[The ESV New Testament is based] on the Greek text in the 2014 editions of the ''Greek New Testament'' (5th corrected ed.), published by the United Bible Societies (UBS), and ''Novum Testamentum Graece'' (28th ed., 2012), edited by Nestle and Aland.{{Nbsp}}... in a few difficult cases in the New Testament, the ESV has followed a Greek text different from the text given preference in the UBS/Nestle-Aland 28th edition.}}</ref>|'''[[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]''':{{Efn|The Apocrypha is not included in editions of the ESV published by Crossway. ESV editions licensed by Crossway that feature a translation of the Apocrypha can be found from various publishers. For example, the ''English Standard Version Bible with Apocrypha'',<ref name=":0" /> published by Oxford University Press in 2009, and the ''ESV with Apocrypha'',<ref name=":1" /> published by Anglican Liturgy Press in 2019. The copyright for the ESV Apocrypha text is owned by Crossway.<ref>{{Cite book |title=ESV with Apocrypha |publisher=Anglican Liturgy Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-7323448-6-0 |location=Huntington Beach, CA |page=4}}</ref>}} [[Septuagint]] (Göttingen; [[Alfred Rahlfs' edition of the Septuagint|Rahlfs']]); [[Latin Vulgate]]<ref>{{Cite book |title=ESV with Apocrypha |publisher=Anglican Liturgy Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-7323448-6-0 |location=Huntington Beach, CA |pages=1047–1048 |chapter=Preface to the Apocrypha}}</ref>}}
| translation_type = [[Formal equivalence]]<ref name="logos-bts">{{Cite web |title=Bible Translation Spectrum |url=https://wiki.logos.com/Bible_Translation_Spectrum |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107020807/https://wiki.logos.com/Bible_Translation_Spectrum |archive-date=January 7, 2023 |access-date=January 7, 2023 |website=Logos Bible Software Wiki}}</ref>
| reading_level = [[Eighth grade#United States|Eighth grade]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 8, 2005 |title=ESV Readability (Grade Levels) |url=https://www.crossway.org/blog/2005/08/readability-grade-levels/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317032956/https://www.crossway.org/blog/2005/08/readability-grade-levels/ |archive-date=March 17, 2015 |access-date=January 2, 2021 |website=Crossway}}</ref>
| version_revised = 2007, 2011, 2016{{Efn|Crossway published an unannounced [[#2002 text correction|revision in 2002]] to make several text corrections.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web |last=Decker |first=Rodney J. |date=March 2004 |title=The English Standard Version: A Review Article |url=https://fiec.org.uk/assets/downloadables/ESV_ReviewFull.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418044806/https://fiec.org.uk/assets/downloadables/ESV_ReviewFull.pdf |archive-date=April 18, 2024 |access-date=April 18, 2024 |website=Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches |page=58}}</ref>}}
| publisher = [[Crossway]]
| copyright = The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®)
All rights reserved. The ESV text may not be quoted in any publication made available to the public by a Creative Commons license. The ESV may not be translated in whole or in part into any other language.
ESV Text Edition: 2016
| copies_printed = 290,000,000<ref name=":16">{{Cite web |title=Crossway Global Ministry: 2023 Annual Report |url=https://uploads.crossway.org/excerpt/gm-annual-report-digital-single-pages.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240301065924/https://uploads.crossway.org/excerpt/gm-annual-report-digital-single-pages.pdf |archive-date=March 1, 2024 |access-date=March 1, 2024 |website=Crossway}}</ref>
| religious_affiliation = [[Evangelical]]<ref name="logos-bts" />
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=== Translation Oversight Committee ===
Chaired by Dennis, the fourteen-member Translation Oversight Committee was aided by more than fifty biblical experts serving as review scholars.<ref name=":5" /> The translation committee also received input from the Advisory Council, having more than fifty members.<ref name=":6" /> [[J. I. Packer]] served as general editor of the translation.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Packer |first=J. I. |date=October 2, 2021 |title=An Interview with J. I. Packer on the Origin and Significance of the ESV Bible |url=https://www.crossway.org/articles/an-interview-with-j-i-packer-on-the-origin-and-significance-of-the-esv-bible/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004201722/https://www.crossway.org/articles/an-interview-with-j-i-packer-on-the-origin-and-significance-of-the-esv-bible/ |archive-date=October 4, 2021 |access-date=October 5, 2021 |website=Crossway}}</ref> Grudem states that the [[NET Bible]] study notes were one resource that the translation committee consulted during the translation process.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Endorsements |url=https://netbible.com/endorsements/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240111021417/https://netbible.com/endorsements/ |archive-date=January 11, 2024 |access-date=January 11, 2024 |website=NET Bible}}</ref> He also claims that the translation committee meets approximately every 5–7 years to consider text revisions.<ref name=":18">{{Cite news |last=Kircher |first=Travis K. |date=May 29, 2024 |title=A chat with Wayne Grudem |url=https://wng.org/roundups/a-chat-with-wayne-grudem-1717022946 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602080940/https://wng.org/roundups/a-chat-with-wayne-grudem-1717022946 |archive-date=June 2, 2024 |access-date=June 2, 2024 |work=World}}</ref>
The original translation committee featured the following notable individuals:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oversight Committee |url=https://www.esv.org/translation/oversight-committee/ |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926123521/https://www.esv.org/translation/oversight-committee/ |archive-date=September 26, 2023 |access-date=December 23, 2023 |website=ESV.org}}</ref>
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In 2008, Crossway published the ''[[ESV Study Bible]]'', which would go on to sell more than 1 million copies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ESV Study Bible |url=https://www.crossway.org/bibles/esv-study-bible-case/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107212344/https://www.crossway.org/bibles/esv-study-bible-case/ |archive-date=January 7, 2021 |access-date=January 7, 2021 |website=Crossway}}</ref> In 2009, the [[Evangelical Christian Publishers Association]] named the ''ESV Study Bible'' as Christian Book of the Year. This was the first time in the award's 30-year history to be given to a [[study Bible]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hodges |first=Sam |date=March 20, 2009 |title='ESV Study Bible' wins Christian Book of the Year award |work=The Dallas Morning News |url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/faith/2009/03/20/esv-study-bible-wins-christian-book-of-the-year-award/ |url-status=live |access-date=January 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107075047/https://www.dallasnews.com/news/faith/2009/03/20/esv-study-bible-wins-christian-book-of-the-year-award/ |archive-date=January 7, 2021}}</ref>
[[File:ESV New Classic Reference Bible (Commemorative Edition; Top Grain Leather).png|thumb|''ESV New Classic Reference Bible'' (Commemorative Edition; top grain leather)]]
In 2011, Crossway published a special limited edition ''ESV New Classic Reference Bible'' to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the [[King James Version]] (KJV) first being published.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F_2TZwEACAAJ |title=ESV New Classic Reference Bible: Commemorative Edition (Cloth over Board) |publisher=Crossway |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4335-2961-0 |location=Wheaton, IL |publication-date= |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109231448/https://books.google.com/books?id=F_2TZwEACAAJ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Having a foreword by Leland Ryken, it features a selection of artwork created by [[Makoto Fujimura]] for ''The Four Holy Gospels'',<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cVvOSAAACAAJ |title=ESV The Four Holy Gospels |publisher=Crossway |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4335-2194-2 |location=Wheaton, IL |language=en |access-date=January 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240110001115/https://books.google.com/books?id=cVvOSAAACAAJ |archive-date=January 10, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> a separate edition produced to match the size of the original KJV printing.{{Efn|The original printing of the King James Version measured 11 x 16 inches.}}
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== Literary attributes ==
[[File:ESV Classic Pew and Worship Bible (2002 corrected ed.).png|thumb|''ESV Classic Pew and Worship Bible'' (2002 corrected ed.){{Efn|The first hardcover, black edition of the ''ESV Pew and Worship Bible'' was published in December 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Purchase an ESV Bible |url=https://www.gnpcb.org/catalog/bibles |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031224082915/https://www.gnpcb.org/catalog/bibles |archive-date=December 24, 2003 |access-date=April 21, 2024 |website=Good News Publishers / Crossway Books}}</ref>}}]]
=== Relationship to the Revised Standard Version ===
The ESV is derived from the 1971 text edition of the Revised Standard Version.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":10" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stec |first=David M. |date=July 2004 |editor-last=Schellenberg |editor-first=Annette |title=Review: ''The Holy Bible: English Standard Version'' |journal=[[Vetus Testamentum]] |location=[[Leiden]] |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] on behalf of the [[International Organization for the Study of the Old Testament]] |volume=54 |issue=3 |page=421 |issn=0042-4935 |eissn=1568-5330 |jstor=1518879 |lccn=56003071 |oclc=46606373}}</ref> ESV translation committee member Wayne Grudem claims that approximately eight percent (or about 60,000 words) of the 1971 RSV text being used for the ESV was revised as of first publication in 2001. Grudem states that the committee removed "every trace of liberal influence that had caused such criticism from evangelicals when the RSV was first published in 1952."{{Efn|A few examples of reverted verses, being translated in accordance with the ESV's translation philosophy, are as follows: Isaiah 7:14 (now using "Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son"), Psalm 2:12 (now using "Kiss the Son"), and Psalm 45:6 (now using "Your throne, O God, is forever and ever"). The committee also decided to restore the theological term "propitiation" to the following verses: Romans 3:25, Hebrews 2:17; and 1 John 2:2 and 4:10.<ref name=":12" />}} Although, Grudem also states that much of the 1971 RSV text left unchanged by the committee "is simply 'the best of the best' of the KJV tradition."<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Grudem |first=Wayne |date=July 6, 2015 |title=The Advantages of the English Standard Version (ESV) Translation |url=https://www.waynegrudem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/The-advantages-of-the-ESV.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225060245/https://www.waynegrudem.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/The-advantages-of-the-ESV.pdf |archive-date=February 25, 2023 |access-date=April 16, 2022 |website=}}</ref>
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== Revisions and other editions ==
[[File:ESV Pew and Worship Bibles (2002–2016).png|thumb|ESV Pew and Worship Bibles (2002–2016){{Efn|Left to right: 2002 corrected edition, 2007 text edition, 2011 text edition, 2016 Permanent Text edition, 2016 text edition.}}]]
=== 2002 text correction ===
In 2002, Crossway published an unannounced revision to the original 2001 text to make several corrections, these being in areas where it was believed "that a mistake had been made in translation." This includes a revision in Romans 3:9, changing "under the power of sin" to "under sin."<ref name=":17" />
=== Anglicized edition ===
In 2002, [[William Collins, Sons|Collins]] published the ''English Standard Version: Anglicized Edition'' in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxBSOQAACAAJ |title=Holy Bible: English Standard Version |publisher=[[William Collins, Sons|Collins]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-00-710749-0 |editor-last=Packer |editor-first=James Innell |language=en |access-date=May 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230529091041/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxBSOQAACAAJ |archive-date=May 29, 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref>
=== 2007 text edition ===
Crossway published
=== Oxford Apocrypha edition ===
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=== 2011 text edition ===
Crossway published
=== Gideons edition ===
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=== 2016 text edition ===
Crossway published
Coinciding with the release of the revision, Crossway announced that "the text of the ESV Bible will remain unchanged in all future editions printed and published by Crossway."<ref name=":13" /> However, in a statement from Lane T. Dennis the following month, the new policy was abandoned "to allow for ongoing periodic updating of the text to reflect the realities of biblical scholarship such as textual discoveries or changes in English over time."<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Laughlin |first=Bryan |date=June 25, 2018 |title=Should We Contextualize the Gospel? |url=https://tabletalkmagazine.com/posts/should-we-contextualize-the-gospel/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803110405/https://tabletalkmagazine.com/posts/should-we-contextualize-the-gospel/ |archive-date=August 3, 2021 |access-date=August 3, 2021 |website=Tabletalk Magazine}}</ref> In the statement, Dennis responded to public discourse surrounding the policy: "We have become convinced that this decision was a mistake. We apologize for this and for any concern this has caused for readers of the ESV."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Challies |first=Tim |date=October 13, 2016 |title=You, Me, and the ESV |url=https://www.challies.com/articles/you-me-and-the-esv/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803074623/https://www.challies.com/articles/you-me-and-the-esv/ |archive-date=August 3, 2021 |access-date=August 3, 2021 |website=Tim Challies}}</ref> The revision was subsequently republished as "ESV Text Edition: 2016."
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=== Anglican edition ===
In 2019, Anglican Liturgy Press published the ''ESV with Apocrypha''. This edition includes the Apocrypha, placed at the back of the Bible.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |title=ESV with Apocrypha |publisher=Anglican Liturgy Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-7323448-6-0 |location=Huntington Beach, CA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ESV with Apocrypha |url=https://anglicanhousepublishers.org/shop/the-esv-bible-with-apocrypha/ |url-status=
=== Future text edition ===
In May 2024, Grudem mentioned that the ESV translation committee was planning to meet in Wheaton, Illinois, in July 2024 to consider approximately 120 suggested changes to the ESV text. He estimated that the committee would approve around 30 to 40 of these suggestions, including "little tweaks to the wording [that] make it consistent with where we’ve translated the same phrase elsewhere".<ref name=":18" />
== Use ==
=== Audio Bibles ===
In
In 2008, Crossway released an audio Bible featuring the voice of David Cochran Heath. This was published on October 31, 2008, being the 491th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ESV Hear the Word Audio Bible (Audio) |url=https://www.crossway.org/bibles/esv-hear-the-word-audio-bible-610-dl/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240211033822/https://www.crossway.org/bibles/esv-hear-the-word-audio-bible-610-dl/ |archive-date=February 11, 2024 |access-date=February 11, 2024 |website=Crossway}}</ref>
In late 2023, Crossway finished releasing six new audio Bibles, having been read by Conrad Mbewe, [[Kristyn Getty]], [[Raymond C. Ortlund Jr.|Ray Ortlund]], [[Jackie Hill Perry]], Robert Smith Jr., and Michael Reeves.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Eekhoff Zylstra |first=Sarah |date=February 7, 2024 |title='That Thing Is Alive': How the Bible Affected Its 6 Newest Narrators |url=https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/esv-audio-readers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240208005302/https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/esv-audio-readers/ |archive-date=February 8, 2024 |access-date=February 8, 2024 |work=[[The Gospel Coalition]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pfeiffer |first=Rachel |date=March 4, 2024 |title=He Who Has Earbuds, Let Him Hear: Audio Bibles on the Rise |url=https://www.christianitytoday.com/news/2024/march/audio-bible-listen-dwell-app-youversion-esv-study.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240322222019/https://www.christianitytoday.com/news/2024/march/audio-bible-listen-dwell-app-youversion-esv-study.html |archive-date=March 22, 2024 |access-date=March 22, 2024 |website=Christianity Today}}</ref>{{Efn|The first new audio Bible was Getty's, having been published in August 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ESV Audio Bible, Read by Kristyn Getty (Audio) |url=https://www.crossway.org/bibles/esv-bible-read-by-kristyn-getty-dl/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240211034150/https://www.crossway.org/bibles/esv-bible-read-by-kristyn-getty-dl/ |archive-date=February 11, 2024 |access-date=February 11, 2024 |website=Crossway}}</ref>}} The entire project took approximately 6,000 hours of production labor. Ortlund called his recording experience "the most exacting, precise, detailed, and demanding task I’ve performed since my doctoral work 40 years ago," in addition to being "immensely satisfying." Ortlund used ''The HarperCollins Bible Pronunciation Guide''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hiDzOE5PJFYC |title=The HarperCollins Bible Pronunciation Guide |date=August 19, 1994 |publisher=HarperOne |isbn=978-0-06-068962-9 |editor-last=Walker, Jr. |editor-first=William O. |location=New York, NY |publication-date=August 19, 1994 |language=en |access-date=February 8, 2024 |editor-last2=Craven |editor-first2=Toni |editor-last3=Dearman |editor-first3=J. Andrew |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240208010807/https://books.google.com/books?id=hiDzOE5PJFYC |archive-date=February 8, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> as a linguistic aid during production.
=== Study Bibles ===
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