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| established_date = 1869{{ref|1}}
| established_title2 = City rights
| established_date2 = 1917
| parts_type = [[#Government and administrative divisions|Raions]]
| parts_style = list
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One of the early mining settlements in the territory of Donetsk was {{ill|lt=Aleksandrovka|Alersandrovka, Donbas|ru|Александровка (Донецк)}}. The existence of Aleksandrovskaya Cossack ''[[Sloboda]]'' in its place is attested by 1779,<ref>[https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/donbass-realii/30148510.html "Дату основания Донецка нужно вести минимум с 1779 года – историк"], ''[[Radio Liberty]]'' {{in lang|ru}}</ref> with the {{ill|Aleksandrovsky coal mine|ru|Александровский рудник (Донецк)}} eventually being opened there.
The city of Donetsk was founded in 1869 by [[Wales|Welsh]] businessman [[John Hughes (businessman)|John Hughes]], who operated a steel plant and several coal mines at Aleksandrovka. The worker's settlement at the plant merged with Aleksandrovka and the place was named Yuzovo, later Yuzovka ({{lang-ru|Юзово, Юзовка}}), after Hughes.<ref>''Yuz'' is a Russian or Ukrainian approximation of Hughes</ref><ref>{{cite Efron|Юзово}}</ref> In its early period, it received immigrants from Wales, especially from the town of [[Merthyr Tydfil]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Evans |first=Martin |date=June 11, 2012 |title=Euro 2012: Donetsk's roots have more in common with Merthyr Tydfil than Moscow |publisher=Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/euro-2012/9323465/Euro-2012-Donetsks-roots-have-more-in-common-with-Merthyr-Tydfil-than-Moscow.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/euro-2012/9323465/Euro-2012-Donetsks-roots-have-more-in-common-with-Merthyr-Tydfil-than-Moscow.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=2014-08-09}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="BBC220320">{{cite news|publisher=BBC News|title=Ukraine: Fear for Donetsk after eight-year war escalates|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-60738988|date=20 March 2022|access-date=20 March 2022}}</ref> By the beginning of the 20th century, Yuzovka had approximately 50,000 inhabitants,<ref>The population included mostly migrants from neighbouring Russian territories</ref> and attained the status of a city in 1917.<ref name="mayor">{{cite web |title=From the history of the city |url=http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1&lang=en |website=Official site of the Head of Donetsk City |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050521150625/http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1&lang=en |archive-date=21 May 2005 |date=19 November 2004}}</ref> The main district of Yuzovka is named English Colony, and the British origin of the city is reflected in its layout and architecture.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}
===Soviet Union===
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