Donetsk: Difference between revisions

| name =

| official_name = Donetsk

| native_name = {{langnative name|uk|Донецьк}}<br/>{{native name|ru|Донецк}}

| other_name = {{lang|ru|Донецк}}

| translit_lang1 = [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]

| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Romanization of Ukrainian|Romanization]]

| translit_lang1_info1 = Donetsk

| translit_lang1_type2 = [[Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic|Scholarly]]

| translit_lang1_info2 = Doneck

| settlement_type = City

| image_skyline = {{Photomontage

| image_caption = '''ClockwiseLeft to right from top''': [[Transfiguration Cathedral, Donetsk|Transfiguration of JesusCathedral]] (big image); [[Donbass Palace]]; [[Donetsk National Academic Ukrainian Musical and Drama Theatre|Drama Theatre]]; Lenin Square; [[Donetsk State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre named after A. Solovyanenko|Opera Theatre]]; and bridge on Ilicha Prospect

| image_flag = Flag of Donetsk.svg

| image_shield = Greater Coat of Arms of Donetsk (1995).svg

| shield_size =

| pushpin_map = Ukraine Donetsk Oblast#Ukraine#Europe

| coordinates = {{coord|48|00|10|N|37|48|19|E|region:UA|display= inline,title}}

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = [[Ukraine]] (occupied by = {{flag|Ukraine}}[[Russia]])

| subdivision_type1 = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]

| subdivision_name1 = [[Donetsk Oblast]]

| subdivision_type2 = [[Raions of Ukraine|Raion]]

| subdivision_name2 = [[Donetsk Raion]]

| p1 parts_style = [[Budionny Raion]]list

| leader_titleparts = MayorList of 9

| leader_namep1 = [[AlexeyBudionnivskyi District, Donetsk|Budionnivskyi KulemzinDistrict]]

| area_total_km2leader_name = [[Alexey = 358Kulemzin]]

| area_metro_km2leader_party = installed by Russia; =[[United 2895Russia]]

| elevation_m area_total_km2 = 169358

| population_total area_metro_km2 = 9016452895

| population_as_of elevation_m = 2022169

| p4 p2 = [[KyivskyiVoroshylovskyi District, Donetsk|KyivVoroshylovskyi RaionDistrict]]

| p5 p3 = [[KirovKalininskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|KirovKalininskyi RaionDistrict]]

| p6 p4 = [[KuibyshevKyivskyi District, Donetsk|Kyivskyi RaionDistrict]]

| p7 p5 = [[LeninKirovskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|LeninKirovskyi RaionDistrict]]

| p8 p6 = [[PetrovskyiKuibyshevskyi District, Donetsk|Kuibyshevskyi RaionDistrict]]

| p9 p7 = [[ProletarianLeninskyi District, Donetsk|Leninskyi RaionDistrict]]

| timezonep8 = EET[[Petrovskyi District]]

| utc_offsetp9 = +2[[Proletarskyi District, Donetsk|Proletarskyi District]]

| timezone_DST timezone = EESTEET

| utc_offset_DST utc_offset = +32

| blank_name timezone_DST = [[Licence plate]]EEST

| blank_info utc_offset_DST = АН+3

| blank1_name blank_name = [[Town twinning|SisterLicence citiesplate]]

| blank2_name blank1_name = [[KöppenTown climatetwinning|Sister classification|Climatecities]]

'''Donetsk''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|d|ɒ|n|ˈ|j|ɛ|t|s|k}} {{respell|don|YETSK}},<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Donetsk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203233626/https://www.lexico.com/definition/donetsk |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-02-03 |title=Donetsk |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|US|d|ə|n|-}} {{respell|dən-}};<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Donetsk|access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Donetsk|access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref> {{lang-uk|Донецьк}} {{IPA-uk|doˈnɛt͡sʲk||uk-Донецьк.ogg}}; {{lang-ru|Донецк}} {{IPA-ru|dɐˈnʲetsk||ru-Донецк.ogg}}), formerly known as '''Aleksandrovka''', '''Yuzivka''' (or '''Hughesovka'''), '''Stalin''', and '''Stalino''', is an industrial city in eastern [[Ukraine]] located on the [[Kalmius]] River in [[Donetsk Oblast]], which is currently occupied by [[Russia]] andas hasthe been de facto annexed to it.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Freedman |first1=Lawrence |title=Command: The Politicscapital of Militarythe Operations[[Donetsk fromPeople's Korea to Ukraine |date=2022 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780197540671 |page=390}}</ref>Republic]]. The population was estimated at {{Ua-pop-est2022|901645}} in the city core, with over 2 million in the [[metropolitan area]] (2011). According to the [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 census]], Donetsk was the fifth-largest city in Ukraine.<ref name="ukrcensus1">{{cite web |title= Results / General results of the census / Number of cities |work= [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 Ukrainian Census]] |url= http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/ |access-date = 28 August 2006 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060109012020/http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/ |archive-date= 9 January 2006}}</ref>

Administratively, Donetsk has been the centre of [[Donetsk Oblast]], while historically, it is the unofficial capital and largest city of the larger economic and cultural [[Donbas|Donets Basin]] (''Donbas'') region. Donetsk is adjacent to another major city, [[Makiivka]], and along with other surrounding cities forms a major [[urban sprawl]] and [[conurbation]] in the region. Donetsk has been a major economic, industrial and scientific centre of Ukraine with a high concentration of heavy industries and a skilled workforce. The density of heavy industries (predominantly steel production, chemical industry, and coal mining) determined the city's challenging ecological situation. In 2012, a UN report ranked Donetsk among the world's fastest depopulating cities.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/cities-that-are-shrinking-2012-10?r=US&IR=T The 28 Fastest-Shrinking Cities In The World]</ref>

{{As of|2022|October}}, [[Russia]] has full control of the city,<ref name="ISW">{{cite web |last1=Barros |first1=George |last2=Stepanenko |first2=Kateryna |last3=Bergeron |first3=Thomas |title=Interactive Map: Russia's Invasion of Ukraine |url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/36a7f6a6f5a9448496de641cf64bd375 |website=ArcGIS StoryMaps |publisher=Institute for the Study of War and Critical Threats |access-date=1 October 2022 |language=en-us |date=30 September 2022}}</ref> with Ukrainian and Russian forces still engaging in combat adjacentnear the city.

One of the early mining settlements in the territory of Donetsk was {{ill|lt=AleksandrovkaAlexandrovka (Oleksandrivka)|AlersandrovkaOleksandrivka, DonbasDonetsk|ru|Александровка (Донецк)|uk|Олександрівка (Донецьк)}}. The existence of Aleksandrovskaya (Oleksandrivska) Cossack ''[[Slobodasloboda (settlement)|sloboda]]'' in its place is attested by 1779,<ref>[https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/donbass-realii/30148510.html "Дату основания Донецка нужно вести минимум с 1779 года – историк"], ''[[Radio Liberty]]'' {{in lang|ru}}</ref> with the {{ill|Aleksandrovsky coal mine|lt=Aleksandrovsky (Oleksandrivska) coal mine|ru|Александровский рудник (Донецк)|uk|Олександрівська копальня (Юзівка)}} eventually being opened there.

The city of Donetsk was founded in 1869 by [[Wales|Welsh]] businessman [[John Hughes (businessman)|John Hughes]], who operated a steel plant and several coal mines at Aleksandrovka. The worker's settlement at the plant merged with Aleksandrovka and the place was named Yuzovo/Yuzove, later Yuzovka/Yuzivka ({{lang-ru|Юзово, Юзовка}}, {{Lang-uk|Юзове, Юзівка}}), after Hughes.<ref>''Yuz'' is a Russian or Ukrainian approximation of Hughes</ref><ref>{{cite Efron|Юзово}}</ref> In its early period, it received immigrants from Wales, especially from the town of [[Merthyr Tydfil]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Evans |first=Martin |date=June 11, 2012 |title=Euro 2012: Donetsk's roots have more in common with Merthyr Tydfil than Moscow |publisher=Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/euro-2012/9323465/Euro-2012-Donetsks-roots-have-more-in-common-with-Merthyr-Tydfil-than-Moscow.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/euro-2012/9323465/Euro-2012-Donetsks-roots-have-more-in-common-with-Merthyr-Tydfil-than-Moscow.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=2014-08-09}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="BBC220320">{{cite news|publisher=BBC News|title=Ukraine: Fear for Donetsk after eight-year war escalates|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-60738988|date=20 March 2022|access-date=20 March 2022}}</ref> By the beginning of the 20th century, Yuzovka had approximately 50,000 inhabitants,<ref>The population included mostly migrants from neighbouring Russian territories</ref> and attained the status of a city in 1917.<ref name="lukianchenkomayor">{{cite web |date=3119 AugustNovember 2004 |df=dmy |script-title=ru:Из истории города |language=ru |trans-title=From the history of the city |work=Official site of the Head of Donetsk City |url=http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1 |access-date&lang=7 May 2007en |url-status=deadlive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/2007012719050120050521150625/http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1&lang=en |archive-date=2721 JanuaryMay 20072005 |website=Official site of the Head of Donetsk City}}</ref> The main district of Yuzovka is named English Colony, and the British origin of the city is reflected in its layout and architecture.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}

When the [[Russian Civil War]] broke out, YuzovkaYuzivka wasbecame a part of [[Ukrainian People's Republic]] as per the [[Third Universal of the Ukrainian Central Council|Third Universal]]. It became a part of [[Administrative division of Ukraine (1918)|Cuman Zemlia]], the administrative center of which was [[Bakhmut]]. During the First [[Ukrainian–Soviet War]], Yuzivka was captured by the Bolshevik forces on 5 January 1918, but then recaptured by Ukraine in April.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-30 |title= |script-title=uk:30 квітня – 105 років з дня звільнення Донбасу від більшовиків |trans-title=April 30 – 105 years since the liberation of Donbas from the Bolsheviks |url=https://dn.gov.ua/news/30-kvitnya-105-rokiv-z-dnya-zvilnennya-donbasu-vid-bilshovikiv |website=Donetsk Oblast state administration |language=uk}}</ref> Soviet forces captured Yuzivka again during the Second Ukrainian–Soviet War. Donetsk became a part of [[Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic|Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic]] from its declaration of independence on 12 February 1918. The Republic was disbanded at the [[Second All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets|2nd All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets]] on 20 March 1918, when the independence of the [[Ukrainian Soviet Republic]] was declared. It failed to achieve recognition, either internationally or by the [[Russian SFSR]], and was abolished under the [[Treaty of Brest-Litovsk]].

In 1924, under [[History of the Soviet eraUnion|Soviet rule]], the city's name was changed to ''Stalin''. In that year, the city's population totaled 63,708, and in the next year, 80,085. In 1929–31 the city's name was changed to ''Stalino''.<ref name="alldonetsk.info">http://alldonetsk.info/en/history-city-donetsk {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721183935/http://alldonetsk.info/en/history-city-donetsk |date=21 July 2011 }} The history of the city of Donetsk</ref> The city did not have a drinking water system until 1931, when a {{convert|55.3|km|1|abbr=on}} system was laid underground. In July 1933, the city became the administrative center of the [[DonetsianDonetsk Oblast]] of the [[Ukrainian SSR]].<ref name="lukianchenko">{{cite web |date=31 August 2004 |df=dmy |script-title=ru:Из истории города |language=ru |trans-title=From the history of the city |work=Official site of the Head of Donetsk City |url=http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1 |access-date=7 May 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070127190501/http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1 |archive-date=27 January 2007}}</ref> In 1933, the first {{convert|12|km|0|abbr=on}} sewer system was installed, and the use of gas began the next year. Some sources{{Which|date=March 2012}} state that the city was briefly called Trotsk—after [[Leon Trotsky]]—for a few months in late 1923.

At the start of [[World War II]], the population of Stalino was 507,000. After the war, the population was 175,000. The [[Operation Barbarossa|invasion]] by [[Nazi Germany]] almost completely destroyed the city. It was occupied by German and Italian forces as part of the [[Reichskommissariat Ukraine]] between 16 October 1941 and 5 September 1943. It was mostly rebuilt on a large scale after the war.

After President [[Viktor Yanukovych]] fled Ukraine to seek asylum in Russia, Russian-backed separatists took over the {{ill|Oblast[[Donetsk Regional State Administration Building|uk|ОбласнаRegional державнаState адміністрація}}Administration (OSA)Building]], the main government building, in Donetsk. The police did not offer resistance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gazeta.ua/ru/articles/politics/_v-donecke-neskolko-soten-radikalov-s-krikami-rossiya-shturmuyut-oga/545225 |title=В Донецке несколько сотен радикалов с криками "Россия" штурмуют ОГА |date=3 March 2014 |publisher=Gazeta.ua |access-date=3 March 2014}}</ref> Later in the week the authorities of Donetsk disallowed a referendum on the status of the region<ref>{{cite web|url=http://novosti.dn.ua/details/219796/ |title=Новости Донбасса :: The authorities of Donetsk region don't want a referendum and they opposed 'foreign scenarios' – video report |publisher=Novosti.dn.ua |date=9 March 2014|access-date=9 August 2014}}</ref> and the police retook the Donetsk OSA building.<ref>{{cite news|first=Lina|last=Kushch|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-donetsk-idUSBREA250CW20140306|title=Ukrainian flag again flies over Donetsk regional HQ|work=[[Reuters]]|date=6 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307113744/https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/06/us-ukraine-crisis-donetsk-idUSBREA250CW20140306|archive-date=7 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Andrew|last=Roth|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/08/world/europe/ukrainian-officials-in-east-move-to-blunt-pro-russia-forces.html?hpw&rref=world&_r=0|title=Ukrainian Officials in East Act to Blunt Pro-Russian Forces|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 March 2014|access-date=16 December 2016|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Donetsk became one of the centers of the [[2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine]].

OnFollowing 30 September 2022, Putin signed a decreethe [[Russian annexationinvasion of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts |claiming to annex four regionsUkraine]], includingin DonetskFebruary 2022, asthe partarea ofaround [[Russia]]. This annexationDonetsk has been seen by the global community as a breach of international law.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/sep/30/russia-ukraine-war-live-news-biden-and-zelenskiy-reject-expected-annexations-ahead-of-putin-speech?filterKeyEvents=false&page=with:block-6336ebe88f086bb4a78ebc46#blockfull-6336ebe88f086bb4a78ebc46scale |fighting title=Russia-Ukraine war live: Putin annexesbetween Ukrainian regions;forces Kyivagainst appliesRussian forforces Natoand membershiptheir |DNR website=[[TheGuardiancounterparts.com]] | date=30 September 2022 }}</ref> Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Russian-installed local officials have repeatedly accused Ukrainian armed forces of shelling Donetsk.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian forces shell Russian-controlled Donetsk, officials say |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukrainian-forces-shell-russian-controlled-donetsk-officials-say-2022-12-15/ |work=Reuters |date=15 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian shelling kills 7 civilians in Donetsk, says Russian-installed official |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/russia-ukraine-war/ukrainian-shelling-kills-7-civilians-in-donetsk-says-russian-installed-official/2884094 |work=[[Anadolu Agency]] |date=28 April 2023}}</ref> On 30 September 2022, Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] signed a decree [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|claiming to annex four regions]], including Donetsk, as part of [[Russia]]. This annexation has been seen by the global community as a breach of international law.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2022/sep/30/russia-ukraine-war-live-news-biden-and-zelenskiy-reject-expected-annexations-ahead-of-putin-speech?filterKeyEvents=false&page=with:block-6336ebe88f086bb4a78ebc46#block-6336ebe88f086bb4a78ebc46 | title=Russia-Ukraine war live: Putin annexes Ukrainian regions; Kyiv applies for Nato membership | website=[[TheGuardian.com]] | date=30 September 2022 }}</ref>

[[File:Kalmius 01.jpg|thumb|The [[spoil tip]]s near the [[Kalmius]]. In the background is the ChervonohvardiyskyiChervonohvardiiskyi [[raion]]District of [[Makiivka]].]]

The city stretches {{convert|28|km|0|abbr=on}} from north to south and {{convert|55|km|0|abbr=on}} from east to west. There are 2 nearby [[Water reservoir|reservoirs]]: Nyzhnekalmius (60 [[hectares|ha]]), and the "[[Donetsk Sea"]] (206&nbsp;ha). 5 rivers flow through the city, including the [[Kalmius]], Asmolivka (13&nbsp;km), Cherepashkyna (23&nbsp;km), Skomoroshka and [[Bakhmutka]]. The city also contains a total of 125 spoil tips.<ref name="Was there a ghetto in Donetsk">{{cite web |last=Liakh |first=Liudmila |script-title=ru:Было ли гетто в Донецке? |language=ru |trans-title=Was there a ghetto in Donetsk? |publisher=gorod.donbass.com |url=http://www.gorod.donbass.com/archive/html/1941252001.htm |access-date=7 May 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070903070923/http://www.gorod.donbass.com/archive/html/1941252001.htm |archive-date=3 September 2007}}</ref>

Donetsk's climate is moderate [[Humid continental climate|warmhot summer continental]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''DfbDfa'').<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=91543&cityname=Donetsk,+Donetsk,+Ukraine&units=|title=Donetsk, Ukraine Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase|access-date=2018-11-13}}</ref> The average temperatures are {{convert|-4.1|°C|0|abbr=on}} in January and {{convert|21.6|°C|0|abbr=on}} in July. The average number of rainfall per year totals 162 days and up to 556 millimetres per year.<ref name="rospogoda.ru">{{cite web|url=http://www.rospogoda.ru/city3_48.html|title=The Weather in Donetsk|website=rospogoda.ru|language=ru|script-title=ru:Погода в Донецке|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070430133346/http://www.rospogoda.ru/city3_48.html|archive-date=30 April 2007|url-status=dead|access-date=5 May 2007}}</ref>

{{Weather box|location = Donetsk (1981–20101991–2020)

| Jan record high C = 12.28

| Mar record high C = 2123.38

| Jun record high C = 3835.08

| Nov record high C = 20.53

| Jan high C = -1.32

| Feb high C = -0.94

| Mar high C = 56.31

| Apr high C = 1415.50

| May high C = 2021.95

| Jun high C = 2425.87

| Jul high C = 2728.35

| Aug high C = 2627.89

| Sep high C = 2021.74

| Oct high C = 13.14

| Nov high C = 45.72

| Dec high C = -0.30

| year high C = 13.0

| Jan mean C = -4.10

| Feb mean C = -43.15

| Mar mean C = 12.30

| Apr mean C = 9.48

| May mean C = 15.49

| Jun mean C = 1920.31

| Jul mean C = 2122.65

| Aug mean C = 2021.8

| Sep mean C = 15.17

| Oct mean C = 8.59

| Nov mean C = 12.61

| Dec mean C = -2.95

| year mean C = 8.5

| Jan low C = -6.75

| Feb low C = -76.04

| Mar low C = -2.1.6

| Apr low C = 45.60

| May low C = 10.03

| Jun low C = 1314.85

| Jul low C = 1516.97

| Aug low C = 15.09

| Sep low C = 10.06

| Oct low C = 4.5.0

| Nov low C = -10.16

| Dec low C = -5.4.9

| year low C = 4.3

| Jan record low C = -3233.25

| Mar record low C = -2124.08

| May record low C = -24.4

| Jul record low C = 65.08

| Aug record low C = 2.20

| Oct record low C = -10.03

| Nov record low C = -22.27

| year record low C = -3233.25

| Jan precipitation mm = 38.0

| Feb precipitation mm = 31.8

| Mar precipitation mm = 33.437

| Apr precipitation mm = 38.8

| May precipitation mm = 46.050

| Jun precipitation mm = 67.965

| Jul precipitation mm = 52.6

| Aug precipitation mm = 35.940

| Sep precipitation mm = 42.143

| Oct precipitation mm = 36.041

| Nov precipitation mm = 39.137

| Dec precipitation mm = 41.644

| year precipitation mm = 503.2

| year snow days = 727

|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name="pogoda">{{cite web |script-title=ru:Погода и Климат: Климат Донецка |language=ru |trans-title=Weather and Climate: Climate of Donetsk |publisher=pogoda.ru.net |url=http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/34519.htm |access-date=4 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203215156/http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/34519.htm |archive-date=3 February 2012}}</ref>

|source 2 = [[World Meteorological OrganizationNOAA]] (precipitationhumidity and humidity1981-2010)<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web

| archive-date = 17 July 2021 |archive-format=XLS |format=XLS

| publisher = World[[NCEI|National MeteorologicalCenters Organizationfor Environmental Information]]

[[File:Raions of Donetsk and Donetsk City Municipality.PNG|thumb|[[RaionUrban districts of Ukraine|Districts]]s of Donetsk on the territory of the Donetsk City Municipality:

|valign="top"| {{legend|#FFFF00|[[BudyonnyBudionnivskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|Budionnivskyi District]]}}{{legend|#00FFFF|[[VoroshilovVoroshylovskyi RaionDistrict, (Donetsk)|VoroshilovVoroshylovskyi RaionDistrict]]}}{{legend|#FF00CC|[[KalininKalininskyi RaionDistrict, (Donetsk)|KalininKalininskyi District Raion]]}}{{legend|#34CE00|[[Kyivskyi District, Donetsk|KyivKyivskyi RaionDistrict]]}}{{legend|#0032FF|[[KirovKirovskyi RaionDistrict, (Donetsk)|KirovKirovskyi RaionDistrict]]}}

|valign="top"|{{legend|#FF0034|[[KuibyshevKuibyshevskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|KuibyshevKuibyshevskyi RaionDistrict]]}}{{legend|#FF9A00|[[LeninLeninskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|LeninLeninskyi RaionDistrict]]}}{{legend|#CC00FF|[[PetrovskyPetrovskyi Raion, Donetsk|Petrovsky RaionDistrict]]}}{{legend|#9CFF34|[[ProletarianProletarskyi District, Donetsk|Proletarskyi RaionDistrict]]}}

Starting on 7 April 2014, Donetsk was ''[[de facto]]'' governed by the [[Donetsk People's Republic]] as its capital city. The Donetsk People's Republic was at that time [[International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic|not recognized internationally]], and all [[Member states of the United Nations|UN member states]] recognized the city as Ukrainian. However, in February of 2022, [[Russia]] recognized the DPR and the neighboring [[Luhansk People's Republic]] as sovereign states, and later that year officially annexed them (along with various other parts of Ukraine that were then at least partially under Russian military occupation). The member states of the United Nations still overwhelmingly considered the areas to be Ukrainian, with only [[Syria]], [[North Korea]], and Russia itself considering them to be Russian.

The territory of Donetsk is divided into 9 administrative [[raion]]sUrban (districts) of Ukraine|districts]], whose local government is administered by ''raiondistrict councils'', which are subordinate to the Donetsk City Council.

! style="width:25px;"|# !! style="width:120px;"| [[RaionUrban districts of Ukraine|Districts]]s !! style="width:60px;" | Area !! style="width:80px;"| [[Population]]

|1 || [[BudyonnyBudionnivskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|Budionnivskyi District]] || style="text-align:right" |25&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|100,300

|2 || [[VoroshilovVoroshylovskyi RaionDistrict, (Donetsk)|VoroshylovVoroshylovskyi RaionDistrict]] || style="text-align:right" |10&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|97,300

|3 || [[KalininKalininskyi RaionDistrict, (Donetsk)|KalininKalininskyi RaionDistrict]] || style="text-align:right" |19&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|109,700

|4 || [[Kyivskyi District, Donetsk|KyivKyivskyi RaionDistrict]] || style="text-align:right"|33&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|143,700

|5 || [[KirovKirovskyi RaionDistrict, (Donetsk)|KirovKirovskyi RaionDistrict]] || style="text-align:right" |68&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|171,700

|6 || [[KuibyshevKuibyshevskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|KuibyshevKuibyshevskyi RaionDistrict]] || style="text-align:right" |51&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|120,800

|7 || [[LeninLeninskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|LeninLeninskyi RaionDistrict]] || style="text-align:right" |37&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|107,800

|8 || [[PetrovskyPetrovskyi Raion, Donetsk|Petrovsky RaionDistrict]] || style="text-align:right" |57&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|88,600

|9 || [[ProletarianProletarskyi RaionDistrict, Donetsk|Proletarskyi District]] || style="text-align:right" |58&nbsp;km²|| style="text-align:right"|102,800

:'''Total''': 1,024,678 people, 100.00%

[[File:РСК Олимпийский (008).jpg|thumb|upright|The statue of pole vault legend [[Sergey Bubka|Serhii Bubka]] which stands in Donetsk near the [[RSC Olimpiyskiy]]]]

Among the different [[track and field]] sports, Donetsk especially has a big name in [[pole vaulting]]. [[Sergey Bubka|Serhii Bubka]], regarded by many as the greatest pole vaulter in history, grew up in the city, and also started in 1992 an annual pole vaulting event in Donetsk, called [[Pole Vault Stars]]. Bubka himself set the [[Men's pole vault indoor world record progression|world indoor record]] at the event three times (1990, 1991, 1993). His indoor world pole vault record of 6.15m, set in the Donetsk Olympic Stadium on 21 February 1993, was not broken until 2014. The [[Russia]]n female pole vaulter [[Yelena Isinbayeva]] set a new world record at the event every year between 2004 and 2009.

==== DonbassDonbas Palace ====

[[File:Donetsk donbass palace 02.jpg|thumb|left|[[Donbass Palace|Donbas Palace]], 2008]]

In the northern part of Yuzovka, ''Novyi Svet'', lived traders, craftsmen and bureaucrats. Here were located the market hall, the police headquarters and the [[Transfiguration Cathedral, of the Donetsk|Transfiguration of JesusCathedral]]. The central street of Novyi Svet and the neighbouring streets were mainly edged by one- or two-story residential buildings, as well as markets, restaurants, hotels, offices and banks. A famous preserved building in the northern part of Yuzovka was the Hotel Great Britain.

[[File:DonetskCathedral.jpg|thumb|The reconstructed Cathedral of Transfiguration of JesusCathedral in Donetsk]]

Donetsk's residents belong to religious traditions including the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ortodox.donbass.com/|script-title=ru:Донбасс Православный|trans-title=Orthodox Donbas|language=ru|publisher=ortodox.donbass.com|access-date=12 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629040340/http://www.ortodox.donbass.com/|archive-date=29 June 2007}}</ref> [[Eastern Catholic Churches]], [[Protestantism]], and the [[Roman Catholic Church]], as well as [[Islam]] and [[Judaism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://old.razumkov.org.ua/ukr/poll.php?poll_id=300|script-title=uk:Соціологічне опитування – Релігія: Віруючим якої церкви, конфесії Ви себе вважаєте?|trans-title=Sociological survey – Religion: Believers, which churches do you consider yourself to adherents of?|language=uk|work=[[Razumkov Centre]]|date=2006|access-date=5 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108233934/http://old.razumkov.org.ua/ukr/poll.php?poll_id=300|archive-date=8 November 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Górak-Sosnowska2011">{{cite book|last1=Yarosh|first1=Oleg|last2=Brylov|first2=Denys|editor=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowka|title=Muslims in Poland and Eastern Europe: Widening the European Discourse on Islam|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dCAU6Bz5QIEC&pg=PA254|access-date=27 May 2016|year=2011|publisher=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska|isbn=978-83-903229-5-7|page=254|chapter=Muslim communities and Islamic network institutions in Ukraine: contesting authorities in shaping Islamic localities}}</ref> The religious body with the most members is the [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)]] and [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate|Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyivan Patriarchate]]{{clarification needed|date=June 2024}}.

[[File:Trolleybus Donezk.jpg|thumb|A Donetsk trolleybus with the Transfiguration Cathedral of Transfiguration in the background]]

The main forms of transport within Donetsk are: {{ill|Trams in Donetsk|lt=trams|uk|Донецький трамвай|ru|Донецкий трамвай}}, electric [[trolley bus]]es, buses and [[marshrutka]]s (private [[minibusesminibus]]ses). The city's public transport system is controlled by the united ''Dongorpastrans'' [[municipal]] company. The city has 12 tram lines (~130&nbsp;km), 17 trolley bus lines (~188&nbsp;km), and about 115 bus lines.<ref name="transport">{{cite web|url=http://www.partner.donetsk.ua/transport/|script-title=ru:Транспорт|trans-title=Transport|work=Partner-Portal|access-date=11 May 2007|language=ru|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070510133417/http://www.partner.donetsk.ua/transport/|archive-date=10 May 2007}}</ref> Both the tram and trolley bus systems in the city are served by 2 [[Bus station|depots]] each.<ref name="transport" /> Another method of transport within the city is [[taxicab]] service, of which there are 32 in Donetsk.

The construction of the [[Donetsk Metro|metro]] system in the city, begun in 1992, was recently abandoned in 2012 due to the lack of funding. No lines or stations have been finished.<ref>{{cite news |script-title=uk:У Донецьку припиняють зводити метро|trans-title=Metro construction in Donetsk is stopping|work=1tv.com.ua |date=18 January 2012|language=uk|url=http://1tv.com.ua/uk/news/2012/01/18/14506|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502190006/http://1tv.com.ua/uk/news/2012/01/18/14506|archive-date=2 May 2013}}</ref>

[[Donetsk railway station|Donetsk's main railway station]], which servesat the beginning of the 21st century served about 7 million passengers annually,<ref name="transport" /> is located in the northern part of the city. There is a museum near the main station, dealing with the history of the region's railways. Other railway stations are: ''Rutchenkovo'', located in the Kyivskyi RaionDistrict; ''Mandrykino'' (Petrovskyi RaionDistrict), and ''Mushketovo'' (BudionivskyiBudionnivskyi RaionDistrict). Some passenger trains avoid Donetsk station and serve the [[Yasynuvata]] station, located outside the city limits. Although not used for regular transport, the city also has a children's railway. As of September 2009, a new railway terminal facility to comply with [[UEFA]] requirements (since Donetsk was one of the host cities for [[UEFA EURO 2012]]) was planned.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/order/?id=170301|title=Construction of railway terminal in Donetsk for UEFA EURO 2012 worth UAH 414mln|work=[[Ukrinform]]|date=23 September 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716162528/http://www.ukrinform.ua/eng/order/?id=170301|archive-date=16 July 2011}}</ref>

The Donetsk Oblast was an important transport hub in Ukraine, so was its centre Donetsk. The ''[[Donets Railway|Donetsk Railways]]'', based in Donetsk, iswas the largest railway division in the Republic. It serves the farming and industrial businesses of the area, and the populations of the Donetsk and [[Lugansk]] Republics and parts of the [[Dnipropetrovsk Oblast|Dnipropetrovsk]], [[Zaporizhzhia Oblast|Zaporizhzhia]] and [[Kharkiv Oblast|Kharkiv]] oblastsregion.

In addition to public and rail transport, Donetsk used to have an [[Donetsk Airport|international airport]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vip-terminal.dn.ua/|title=Service Center, International Airport 'Donetsk' |access-date=6 March 2007|work=VIP-Terminal|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615231005/http://www.vip-terminal.dn.ua/eng/index.htm}}</ref> It was constructed during the early 1940s and early 1950s. It was rebuilt in 1973 and again from 2011 to 2012. Because of fighting the airport has been closed as of 26 May 2014 and the airport has since then largely been destroyed.<ref>{{cite web|last=Loiko|first=Sergei L. |url=https://www.latimes.com/world/great-reads/la-fg-c1-ukraine-airport-20141028-story.html|title=Ukraine fighters, surrounded at wrecked airport, refuse to give up|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|location=Donetsk|date=28 October 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028102545/http://www.latimes.com/world/great-reads/la-fg-c1-ukraine-airport-20141028-story.html|archive-date=28 October 2014}}</ref> The airspace above Donetsk has also been closed since the [[Malaysia Airlines Flight 17|MH17]] disaster.