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| name =
| official_name = Donetsk
| native_name = {{
| other_name =
| translit_lang1 = [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]
| translit_lang1_type1 = [[Romanization of Ukrainian|Romanization]]
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| foot_montage =
}}
| image_caption = '''
| image_flag = Flag of Donetsk.svg
| image_shield = Greater Coat of Arms of Donetsk (1995).svg
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| coordinates = {{coord|48|00|10|N|37|48|19|E|region:UA|display= inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Ukraine]] (
| subdivision_type1 = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Donetsk Oblast]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Raions of Ukraine|Raion]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Donetsk Raion]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Hromada]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Donetsk urban hromada]]
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1869{{ref|1}}
| established_title2 = City rights
| established_date2 = 1917
| parts_type = [[#Government and administrative divisions|
| parts_style = list
| parts = List of 9
| p1 = [[
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = [[Alexey Kulemzin]]
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| area_code = +380 622, 623
| website = {{URL|http://gorod-donetsk.com/}} (Russian city occupational administration)
| footnotes = {{note|1}}Donetsk was founded in 1869 as a workers' settlement ''Yuzovka''/''Yuzivka'' around the metallurgical factory of the Welshman John Hughes. The settlement was established in lands of Yevdokim Shydlovsky, who received them upon destruction of the [[Zaporizhian Sich]] in 1775.<br />{{note|2}}The population of the metropolitan area is from 2004.
| p2 = [[
| p3 = [[
| p4 = [[Kyivskyi District, Donetsk|
| p5 = [[
| p6 = [[
| p7 = [[
| p8 = [[Petrovskyi
| p9 = [[
| timezone = EET
| utc_offset = +2
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| blank2_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank2_info = [[Cool-summer humid continental climate|Dfb]]
| population_demonym = Donechchany ({{lang-uk|Донечча́ни}}) or
| pushpin_relief = y
| module = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=9 |height= |width= | stroke-width=1 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
}}
'''Donetsk''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|d|ɒ|n|ˈ|j|ɛ|t|s|k}} {{respell|don|YETSK}},<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Donetsk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203233626/https://www.lexico.com/definition/donetsk |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-02-03 |title=Donetsk |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|US|d|ə|n|-}} {{respell|dən-}};<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Donetsk|access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Donetsk|access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref> {{lang-uk|Донецьк}} {{IPA-uk|doˈnɛt͡sʲk||uk-Донецьк.ogg}}; {{lang-ru|Донецк}} {{IPA-ru|dɐˈnʲetsk||ru-Донецк.ogg}}), formerly known as '''Aleksandrovka''', '''Yuzivka''' (or '''Hughesovka'''), '''Stalin''', and '''Stalino''', is an industrial city in eastern [[Ukraine]] located on the [[Kalmius]] River in [[Donetsk Oblast]], which is currently occupied by [[Russia]] as the capital of the [[Donetsk People's Republic]]. The population was estimated at {{Ua-pop-est2022|901645}} in the city core, with over 2 million in the [[metropolitan area]] (2011). According to the [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 census]], Donetsk was the fifth-largest city in Ukraine.<ref name="ukrcensus1">{{cite web |title= Results / General results of the census / Number of cities |work= [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 Ukrainian Census]] |url= http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/ |access-date = 28 August 2006 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060109012020/http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/ |archive-date= 9 January 2006}}</ref>
Administratively, Donetsk has been the centre of Donetsk Oblast, while historically, it is the unofficial capital and largest city of the larger economic and cultural [[Donbas|Donets Basin]] (''Donbas'') region. Donetsk is adjacent to another major city, [[Makiivka]], and along with other surrounding cities forms a major [[urban sprawl]] and [[conurbation]] in the region. Donetsk has been a major economic, industrial and scientific centre of Ukraine with a high concentration of heavy industries and a skilled workforce. The density of heavy industries (predominantly steel production, chemical industry, and coal mining) determined the city's challenging ecological situation. In 2012, a UN report ranked Donetsk among the world's fastest depopulating cities.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/cities-that-are-shrinking-2012-10?r=US&IR=T The 28 Fastest-Shrinking Cities In The World]</ref>
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===Foundation===
One of the early mining settlements in the territory of Donetsk was {{ill|lt=
The city of Donetsk was founded in 1869 by [[Wales|Welsh]] businessman [[John Hughes (businessman)|John Hughes]], who operated a steel plant and several coal mines at Aleksandrovka. The worker's settlement at the plant merged with Aleksandrovka and the place was named Yuzovo/Yuzove, later Yuzovka/Yuzivka ({{lang-ru|Юзово, Юзовка}}, {{Lang-uk|Юзове, Юзівка}}), after Hughes.<ref>''Yuz'' is a Russian or Ukrainian approximation of Hughes</ref><ref>{{cite Efron|Юзово}}</ref> In its early period, it received immigrants from Wales, especially from the town of [[Merthyr Tydfil]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Evans |first=Martin |date=June 11, 2012 |title=Euro 2012: Donetsk's roots have more in common with Merthyr Tydfil than Moscow |publisher=Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/euro-2012/9323465/Euro-2012-Donetsks-roots-have-more-in-common-with-Merthyr-Tydfil-than-Moscow.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/euro-2012/9323465/Euro-2012-Donetsks-roots-have-more-in-common-with-Merthyr-Tydfil-than-Moscow.html |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=2014-08-09}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="BBC220320">{{cite news|publisher=BBC News|title=Ukraine: Fear for Donetsk after eight-year war escalates|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-60738988|date=20 March 2022|access-date=20 March 2022}}</ref> By the beginning of the 20th century, Yuzovka had approximately 50,000 inhabitants,<ref>The population included mostly migrants from neighbouring Russian territories</ref> and attained the status of a city in 1917.<ref name="mayor">{{cite web |date=19 November 2004 |title=From the history of the city |url=http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1&lang=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050521150625/http://lukyanchenko.dn.ua/today/view.php?cat=7&subcat=7&type=1&lang=en |archive-date=21 May 2005 |website=Official site of the Head of Donetsk City}}</ref> The main district of Yuzovka is named English Colony, and the British origin of the city is reflected in its layout and architecture.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}
===Soviet Union===
[[File:День Победы в Донецке, 2010 036.JPG|thumb|A Monument for the Liberators of Donbas, dedicated to the soldiers who liberated [[Donbas]] from Nazism during [[Eastern Front (World War II)|World War II]]]]
When the [[Russian Civil War]] broke out,
In 1924, under [[History of the Soviet
At the start of [[World War II]], the population of Stalino was 507,000. After the war, the population was 175,000. The [[Operation Barbarossa|invasion]] by [[Nazi Germany]] almost completely destroyed the city. It was occupied by German and Italian forces as part of the [[Reichskommissariat Ukraine]] between 16 October 1941 and 5 September 1943. It was mostly rebuilt on a large scale after the war.
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Whilst getting praise for its business potential in 2009, Donetsk also received criticism for the strong mafia connection of its growing oligarchy, and for an increasing poverty rate.<ref>{{cite web|first=Natalia|last=Kommodova|url=http://www.ostro.org/donetsk/society/articles/67015/|script-title=ru:'Большие сдвиги' Донбасса, богатые летчики и бедные вундеркинды – Обзор донецкой прессы|trans-title='Great shifts' of Donbas, rich high fliers and poor wunderkind – Overview by the Donetsk Press|language=ru|publisher=Ostro.org|date=4 August 2009|access-date=14 December 2016}}</ref> Some analysts warned of a long-term collapse of the Donetsk economy; and that it could share [[Detroit]]'s gloomy fate, due to its failure to combat crime and poverty.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://makeevkainfo.com.ua/content/pochemu-doneck-zhdet-sudba-detroyta|script-title=ru:Почему Донецк ждет судьба Детройта|trans-title=Why Donetsk awaits the fate of Detroit|language=ru|publisher=Makeevkainfo.com.ua|date=24 June 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703220200/http://makeevkainfo.com.ua/content/pochemu-doneck-zhdet-sudba-detroyta|archive-date=3 July 2014}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=User generated site, with the author being 'a passer by'. Needs a reliable source.|date=December 2016}}
===Russo-Ukrainian War===
After President [[Viktor Yanukovych]] fled Ukraine to seek asylum in Russia, Russian-backed separatists took over the [[Donetsk Regional State Administration Building|Regional State Administration Building]], the main government building, in Donetsk. The police did not offer resistance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gazeta.ua/ru/articles/politics/_v-donecke-neskolko-soten-radikalov-s-krikami-rossiya-shturmuyut-oga/545225 |title=В Донецке несколько сотен радикалов с криками "Россия" штурмуют ОГА |date=3 March 2014 |publisher=Gazeta.ua |access-date=3 March 2014}}</ref> Later in the week the authorities of Donetsk disallowed a referendum on the status of the region<ref>{{cite web|url=http://novosti.dn.ua/details/219796/ |title=Новости Донбасса :: The authorities of Donetsk region don't want a referendum and they opposed 'foreign scenarios' – video report |publisher=Novosti.dn.ua |date=9 March 2014|access-date=9 August 2014}}</ref> and the police retook the Donetsk OSA building.<ref>{{cite news|first=Lina|last=Kushch|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-donetsk-idUSBREA250CW20140306|title=Ukrainian flag again flies over Donetsk regional HQ|work=[[Reuters]]|date=6 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307113744/https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/06/us-ukraine-crisis-donetsk-idUSBREA250CW20140306|archive-date=7 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Andrew|last=Roth|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/08/world/europe/ukrainian-officials-in-east-move-to-blunt-pro-russia-forces.html?hpw&rref=world&_r=0|title=Ukrainian Officials in East Act to Blunt Pro-Russian Forces|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 March 2014|access-date=16 December 2016|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Donetsk became one of the centers of the [[2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine]].
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The [[2015 IIHF World Championship Division I]], Group A was scheduled for 18 to 24 April 2015 in Donetsk, but Ukraine withdrew as hosts due to the ongoing conflict in the country.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Steven Ellis |title=Ukraine Withdraws as Hosts of 2015 Division IA World Championships |url=http://thehockeyhouse.net/international-hockey/ukraine-withdraws-as-hosts-of-2015-division-ia-world-championships/ |website=The Hockey House |date=15 August 2014 |access-date=23 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085434/http://thehockeyhouse.net/international-hockey/ukraine-withdraws-as-hosts-of-2015-division-ia-world-championships/ |archive-date=19 August 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Instead of Donetsk, the tournament was organized in [[Kraków]], Poland. Eventually, Ukraine co-organized [[2017 IIHF World Championship Division I]], again Group A, but in its capital, [[Kyiv]].{{update after|2018}}<!-- history since 2017 is totally missing, including the eventful history in 2022 since the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]] -->
Following the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]] in February 2022, the area around Donetsk has seen full-scale fighting between Ukrainian forces against Russian forces and their DNR counterparts. Russian-installed local officials have repeatedly accused Ukrainian armed forces of shelling Donetsk.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian forces shell Russian-controlled Donetsk, officials say |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukrainian-forces-shell-russian-controlled-donetsk-officials-say-2022-12-15/ |work=Reuters |date=15 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ukrainian shelling kills 7 civilians in Donetsk, says Russian-installed official |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/russia-ukraine-war/ukrainian-shelling-kills-7-civilians-in-donetsk-says-russian-installed-official/2884094 |work=[[Anadolu Agency]] |date=28 April 2023}}</ref> On 30 September 2022,
== Geography ==
[[File:Kalmius 01.jpg|thumb|The [[spoil tip]]s near the [[Kalmius]]. In the background is the
Donetsk lies in the [[steppe]] landscape, surrounded by scattered [[woodland]], hills, [[spoil tip]]s, [[river]]s and [[lake]]s. The northern outskirts are mainly used for agriculture. The [[Kalmius River]] links the city with the [[Sea of Azov]], which is {{convert|95|km|0|abbr=on}} to the south, and a popular recreational area for those living in Donetsk. A wide belt of farmlands surrounds the city.
The city stretches {{convert|28|km|0|abbr=on}} from north to south and {{convert|55|km|0|abbr=on}} from east to west. There are 2 nearby [[Water reservoir|reservoirs]]: Nyzhnekalmius (60 [[hectares|ha]]), and the
=== Climate ===
Donetsk's climate is moderate [[Humid continental climate|
{{Weather box|location = Donetsk (
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 12.
| Feb record high C = 16.0
| Mar record high C =
| Apr record high C = 31.0
| May record high C = 34.6
| Jun record high C =
| Jul record high C = 37.8
| Aug record high C = 39.1
| Sep record high C = 33.9
| Oct record high C = 32.7
| Nov record high C = 20.
| Dec record high C = 15.0
| year record high C = 39.1
| Jan high C = -1.
| Feb high C = -0.
| Mar high C =
| Apr high C =
| May high C =
| Jun high C =
| Jul high C =
| Aug high C =
| Sep high C =
| Oct high C = 13.
| Nov high C =
| Dec high C =
| year high C =
| Jan mean C = -4.
| Feb mean C = -
| Mar mean C =
| Apr mean C = 9.
| May mean C = 15.
| Jun mean C =
| Jul mean C =
| Aug mean C =
| Sep mean C = 15.
| Oct mean C = 8.
| Nov mean C =
| Dec mean C = -2.
| year mean C =
| Jan low C = -6.
| Feb low C = -
| Mar low C = -
| Apr low C =
| May low C = 10.
| Jun low C =
| Jul low C =
| Aug low C = 15.
| Sep low C = 10.
| Oct low C =
| Nov low C = -
| Dec low C = -
| year low C =
| Jan record low C = -
| Feb record low C = -31.1
| Mar record low C = -
| Apr record low C = -10.6
| May record low C = -
| Jun record low C = 2.1
| Jul record low C =
| Aug record low C = 2.
| Sep record low C = -6.0
| Oct record low C = -10.
| Nov record low C = -22.
| Dec record low C = -28.5
| year record low C = -
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 38
| Feb precipitation mm = 31
| Mar precipitation mm =
| Apr precipitation mm = 38
| May precipitation mm =
| Jun precipitation mm =
| Jul precipitation mm = 52
| Aug precipitation mm =
| Sep precipitation mm =
| Oct precipitation mm =
| Nov precipitation mm =
| Dec precipitation mm =
| year precipitation mm =
| Jan humidity = 86.8
| Feb humidity = 83.7
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| Nov snow days = 8
| Dec snow days = 16
| year snow days =
|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name="pogoda">{{cite web |script-title=ru:Погода и Климат: Климат Донецка |language=ru |trans-title=Weather and Climate: Climate of Donetsk |publisher=pogoda.ru.net |url=http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/34519.htm
|source 2 = [[
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210717143555/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Ukraine/12.6.%20WMO_Normals_Excel_Template%20%282%29.xls
| archive-date = 17 July 2021 |archive-format=XLS |format=XLS
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Ukraine/12.6.%20WMO_Normals_Excel_Template%20(2).xls
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010
| publisher =
| access-date = 18 July 2021}}</ref>
}}
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== Government and administrative divisions ==
{{see also|List of mayors of Donetsk}}
[[File:Raions of Donetsk and Donetsk City Municipality.PNG|thumb|[[
{| style="width:100%;"
|valign="top"| {{legend|#FFFF00|[[
|valign="top"|{{legend|#FF0034|[[
|}]]
[[File:Donetsk downtown map.png|right|thumb|City centre]]
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Starting on 7 April 2014, Donetsk was ''[[de facto]]'' governed by the [[Donetsk People's Republic]] as its capital city. The Donetsk People's Republic was at that time [[International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic|not recognized internationally]], and all [[Member states of the United Nations|UN member states]] recognized the city as Ukrainian. However, in February 2022, [[Russia]] recognized the DPR and the neighboring [[Luhansk People's Republic]] as sovereign states, and later that year officially annexed them (along with various other parts of Ukraine that were then at least partially under Russian military occupation). The member states of the United Nations still overwhelmingly considered the areas to be Ukrainian, with only [[Syria]], [[North Korea]], and Russia itself considering them to be Russian.
The territory of Donetsk is divided into 9 administrative [[
{| style="background:none;" cellspacing="2px"
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{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%"
|- style="font-size:100%; text-align:left"
! style="width:25px;"|# !! style="width:120px;"| [[
|-
|1 || [[
|-
|2 || [[
|-
|3 || [[
|-
|4 || [[Kyivskyi District, Donetsk|
|-
|5 || [[
|-
|6 || [[
|-
|7 || [[
|-
|8 || [[
|-
|9 || [[
|}
|}
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Donetsk had a population of over 985,000 inhabitants in 2009<ref name="donetskstat.gov.ua">{{cite web |script-title=uk:Чисельність населення на 1 березня 2009 року та середня за січень-лютий 2009 року |language=uk |trans-title=Population on 1 March 2009 and the average for January–February of 2009 |work=Department of Statistics of the Donetsk Region |url=http://donetskstat.gov.ua/statinform/chisl_ruh1.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422032814/http://donetskstat.gov.ua/statinform/chisl_ruh1.php |archive-date=22 April 2009}}</ref> and over 1,566,000 inhabitants in the [[metropolitan area]] in 2004. It was the fifth-largest city in Ukraine.<ref name="ukrcensus1" />
The structure of the Donetsk City Municipality by ethnicity
▲The structure of the Donetsk City Municipality by ethnicity in 2001 is as follows:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://donetskstat.gov.ua/census/census.php?ncp=11&ncp1=6|script-title=uk:Перепис населення: Донецька область: Національний склад та рідна мова населення Донецької області. Розподіл постійного населення за найбільш численними національностями та рідною мовою по міськрадах та районах|trans-title=Census: Donetsk region: Ethnic composition and native language of the population of the Donetsk region. Distribution of the permanent population by the most numerous nationalities and native language by councils and districts|language=uk|work=Department of Statistics of the Donetsk Region|date=2004|access-date=5 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928085127/http://donetskstat.gov.ua/census/census.php?ncp=11&ncp1=6|archive-date=28 September 2007|df=dmy}}</ref>
{{div col}}
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# Other: 13,001 people, 1.27%
{{colend}}
:'''Total''': 1,024,678 people
In 1991 one-third of the population identified as ''Russian'', one-third as ''Ukrainian'' while the majority of the rest declared themselves [[Slavs]].<ref name="Steele1994">{{cite book |last=Steele |first=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan Steele (journalist) |year=1994 |title=Eternal Russia: Yeltsin, Gorbachev, and the Mirage of Democracy |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-26837-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/eternalrussiayel00stee/page/217 217]–18 |url=https://archive.org/details/eternalrussiayel00stee |url-access=registration |access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref> Smaller minorities include in particular ethnic groups from the [[South Caucasus]] and northeast [[Anatolia]] region, including [[Armenians in Ukraine|Armenians]], [[Azerbaijanis in Ukraine|Azerbaijanis]], [[Georgians in Ukraine|Georgians]], and [[Pontic Greeks]] (including those defined as [[Caucasus Greeks]]).▼
Native language of the population of the city of Donetsk
*[[Russian language|Russian]] 87.8%
*[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] 11.1%
*[[Armenian language|Armenian]] 0.1%
*[[Belarusian language|Belarusian]] 0.1%
▲In a 1991 poll one-third of the population identified as ''Russian'', one-third as ''Ukrainian'' while the majority of the rest declared themselves [[Slavs]].<ref name="Steele1994">{{cite book |last=Steele |first=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan Steele (journalist) |year=1994 |title=Eternal Russia: Yeltsin, Gorbachev, and the Mirage of Democracy |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-26837-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/eternalrussiayel00stee/page/217 217]–18 |url=https://archive.org/details/eternalrussiayel00stee |url-access=registration |access-date=13 December 2016}}</ref> Smaller minorities include in particular ethnic groups from the [[South Caucasus]] and northeast [[Anatolia]] region, including [[Armenians in Ukraine|Armenians]], [[Azerbaijanis in Ukraine|Azerbaijanis]], [[Georgians in Ukraine|Georgians]], and [[Pontic Greeks]] (including those defined as [[Caucasus Greeks]]).
== Economy ==
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The city used to be the home of few notable at the time yet now defunct clubs. The [[MFC Shakhtar Donetsk]] club won the [[Ukrainian Futsal Championship|Ukrainian futsal championship]] five times, but was dissolved in January 2011 midway through the season due to financial problems (at the time – the most titled club in [[Ukraine]]). One of the top [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] volleyball teams at the time, [[VC Shakhtar Donetsk]], who were the last team to win the [[Soviet Volleyball Championship]], in 1992. The team also won the first two championships in the independent [[Ukraine]] league, in 1992 and 1993 (the 1992 Ukraine championship was held in Donetsk), and won the Ukraine Cup in 1993, but after having financial issues, the club was relegated in 1997, and after one season in the second tear it was shut down.
[[File:РСК Олимпийский (008).jpg|thumb|upright|The statue of pole vault legend [[Sergey Bubka|Serhii Bubka]] which stands in Donetsk near the [[RSC Olimpiyskiy]]]]
Donetsk hosted the [[Soviet Union|USSR Tennis Championship]] in 1978, 1979 and 1980, and hosted some tennis matches of the 2005 [[Davis Cup]]. Donetsk was home to the [[Alexander Kolyaskin Memorial]], which was held between 2002 and 2008 and part of the [[ATP Challenger Series]], and Donetsk is the home of the female [[Viccourt Cup]], which is classified as an [[ITF Women's Circuit]] and started in 2012.
Donetsk was always an important [[sport of athletics|athletics]] centre, and hosted various events. Donetsk was one of the host towns for the 1978 and 1980 Soviet Athletics Championships, and was the sole host town of the event in 1984. Donetsk also hosted the [[1977 European Athletics Junior Championships]]. The stadium used for those athletics events was the [[RSC Olimpiyskiy]] (at the time called RSC Lokomotiv).
Among the different [[track and field]] sports, Donetsk especially has a big name in [[pole vaulting]]. [[Sergey Bubka|Serhii Bubka]], regarded by many as the greatest pole vaulter in history, grew up in the city, and also started in 1992 an annual pole vaulting event in Donetsk, called [[Pole Vault Stars]]. Bubka himself set the [[Men's pole vault indoor world record progression|world indoor record]] at the event three times (1990, 1991, 1993). His indoor world pole vault record of 6.15m, set in the Donetsk Olympic Stadium on 21 February 1993, was not broken until 2014. The [[Russia]]n female pole vaulter [[Yelena Isinbayeva]] set a new world record at the event every year between 2004 and 2009.
The [[2015 IIHF World Championship Division I]] ice hockey tournament had been scheduled for 18 to 24 April 2015 in Donetsk but was later moved to [[Kraków]], Poland due to the ongoing war.
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[[File:Donezk Zentrum Oper.JPG|thumb|Donetsk Opera Theatre, 2002]]
====
This 5-star hotel in the center of Donetsk is the only ex-Ukrainian hotel to join The Leading Hotels of The World and was Ukraine's leading business hotel according to the World Travel Awards Association. It was built in 1938 by order of Shuvalova and Rechanikov. During the [[Reichskommissariat Ukraine|Nazi occupation of Donetsk]], the Gestapo occupied the hotel as a headquarters; the building was partially destroyed during the war. The hotel was reopened after the reconstruction in 2004.
[[File:Donetsk donbass palace 02.jpg|thumb|left|[[Donbass Palace|Donbas Palace]], 2008]]
==== Pushkin Boulevard ====
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These buildings used rectangular and triangular shaped façades, green rooftops, large windows, which occupied a large portion of the building, and balconies. In this part of the town, the streets were large and had pavements. A major influence on the formation of architecture in Donetsk was the ''official architect'' of a [[Novorossiya]] company — ''Moldingauyer''. Preserved buildings of the southern part of Yuzovka consisted of the residences of John Hughes (''1891, partially preserved''), Bolfur (''1889'') and Bosse.
In the northern part of Yuzovka, ''Novyi Svet'', lived traders, craftsmen and bureaucrats. Here were located the market hall, the police headquarters and the [[Transfiguration Cathedral,
The first general plan of Stalino was made in 1932 in [[Odesa]] by the architect P. Golovchenko. In 1937, the project was partly reworked. These projects were the first in the city's construction bureau's history.
Line 547 ⟶ 544:
=== Religion ===
[[File:DonetskCathedral.jpg|thumb|The reconstructed
Donetsk's residents belong to religious traditions including the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ortodox.donbass.com/|script-title=ru:Донбасс Православный|trans-title=Orthodox Donbas|language=ru|publisher=ortodox.donbass.com|access-date=12 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629040340/http://www.ortodox.donbass.com/|archive-date=29 June 2007}}</ref> [[Eastern Catholic Churches]], [[Protestantism]], and the [[Roman Catholic Church]], as well as [[Islam]] and [[Judaism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://old.razumkov.org.ua/ukr/poll.php?poll_id=300|script-title=uk:Соціологічне опитування – Релігія: Віруючим якої церкви, конфесії Ви себе вважаєте?|trans-title=Sociological survey – Religion: Believers, which churches do you consider yourself to adherents of?|language=uk|work=[[Razumkov Centre]]|date=2006|access-date=5 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108233934/http://old.razumkov.org.ua/ukr/poll.php?poll_id=300|archive-date=8 November 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Górak-Sosnowska2011">{{cite book|last1=Yarosh|first1=Oleg|last2=Brylov|first2=Denys|editor=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowka|title=Muslims in Poland and Eastern Europe: Widening the European Discourse on Islam|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dCAU6Bz5QIEC&pg=PA254|access-date=27 May 2016|year=2011|publisher=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska|isbn=978-83-903229-5-7|page=254|chapter=Muslim communities and Islamic network institutions in Ukraine: contesting authorities in shaping Islamic localities}}</ref> The religious body with the most members is the [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)]] and [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate|Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyivan Patriarchate]]{{clarification needed|date=June 2024}}.
In 2014, a leaflet carrying the signature of the "Chairman of Donetsk's temporary government Denis Pushilin" was distributed to Jews on the festival of Passover. The leaflet asked Donetsk's Jewish citizens to register themselves, their property, and their families to the pro-Russian authorities. The leaflet claimed that failure to comply with its demands would result in the revocation of citizenship and confiscation of property. The leaflet prompted confusion and fear among Donetsk's Jewish population, who saw echoes of [[the Holocaust]] in the leaflet.<ref>{{cite news|last=Margalit|first=Michal|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4510688,00.html|title=Donetsk leaflet: Jews must register or face deportation|work=Ynetnews|date=16 April 2014|access-date=6 November 2022}}</ref> Pushilin denied any connection with the leaflets and called them a provocation.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pro-Russians in Donetsk deny calling for Jews to register |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/pro-russians-in-donetsk-deny-calling-for-jews-to-register/ |access-date=6 November 2022 |publisher=Times of Israel |date=16 April 2022}}</ref>
Line 650 ⟶ 647:
=== Local transport ===
[[File:Trolleybus Donezk.jpg|thumb|A Donetsk trolleybus with the Transfiguration Cathedral
[[File:TramLM2008.jpg|thumb|Tram LM-2008]]
Line 662 ⟶ 659:
[[File:Donezk Bahnhof 2.JPG|thumb|[[Donetsk railway station|Donetsk's main railway station]], located in the north of the city|left]]
[[Donetsk railway station|Donetsk's main railway station]], which
The Donetsk Oblast was an important transport hub in Ukraine, so was its centre Donetsk. The ''[[Donets Railway|Donetsk Railways]]'', based in Donetsk,
=== Road transport ===
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