Content deleted Content added
Procyon117 (talk | contribs) →Climate: Update to 1991-2020 normals |
Pronunciation respelling guide |
||
| (6 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
Line 39:
| coordinates = {{coord|48|00|10|N|37|48|19|E|region:UA|display= inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Ukraine]] (
| subdivision_type1 = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Donetsk Oblast]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Raions of Ukraine|Raion]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Donetsk Raion]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Hromada]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Donetsk urban hromada]]
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1869{{ref|1}}
Line 90:
| pushpin_relief = y
| module = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=9 |height= |width= | stroke-width=1 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
}}
'''Donetsk''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|d|ɒ|n|ˈ|j|ɛ|t|s|k}} {{respell|don|YETSK}},<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Donetsk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203233626/https://www.lexico.com/definition/donetsk |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-02-03 |title=Donetsk |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|US|d|ə|n|-}} {{respell|dən-}};<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Donetsk|access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Donetsk|access-date=5 September 2019}}</ref> {{lang-uk|Донецьк}} {{IPA-uk|doˈnɛt͡sʲk||uk-Донецьк.ogg}}; {{lang-ru|Донецк}} {{IPA-ru|dɐˈnʲetsk||ru-Донецк.ogg}}), formerly known as '''Aleksandrovka''', '''Yuzivka''' (or '''Hughesovka'''), '''Stalin''', and '''Stalino''', is an industrial city in eastern [[Ukraine]] located on the [[Kalmius]] River in [[Donetsk Oblast]], which is currently occupied by [[Russia]] as the capital of the [[Donetsk People's Republic]]. The population was estimated at {{Ua-pop-est2022|901645}} in the city core, with over 2 million in the [[metropolitan area]] (2011). According to the [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 census]], Donetsk was the fifth-largest city in Ukraine.<ref name="ukrcensus1">{{cite web |title= Results / General results of the census / Number of cities |work= [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 Ukrainian Census]] |url= http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/ |access-date = 28 August 2006 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060109012020/http://ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/city/ |archive-date= 9 January 2006}}</ref>
Administratively, Donetsk has been the centre of Donetsk Oblast, while historically, it is the unofficial capital and largest city of the larger economic and cultural [[Donbas|Donets Basin]] (''Donbas'') region. Donetsk is adjacent to another major city, [[Makiivka]], and along with other surrounding cities forms a major [[urban sprawl]] and [[conurbation]] in the region. Donetsk has been a major economic, industrial and scientific centre of Ukraine with a high concentration of heavy industries and a skilled workforce. The density of heavy industries (predominantly steel production, chemical industry, and coal mining) determined the city's challenging ecological situation. In 2012, a UN report ranked Donetsk among the world's fastest depopulating cities.<ref>[https://www.businessinsider.com/cities-that-are-shrinking-2012-10?r=US&IR=T The 28 Fastest-Shrinking Cities In The World]</ref>
Line 167:
Donetsk lies in the [[steppe]] landscape, surrounded by scattered [[woodland]], hills, [[spoil tip]]s, [[river]]s and [[lake]]s. The northern outskirts are mainly used for agriculture. The [[Kalmius River]] links the city with the [[Sea of Azov]], which is {{convert|95|km|0|abbr=on}} to the south, and a popular recreational area for those living in Donetsk. A wide belt of farmlands surrounds the city.
The city stretches {{convert|28|km|0|abbr=on}} from north to south and {{convert|55|km|0|abbr=on}} from east to west. There are 2 nearby [[Water reservoir|reservoirs]]: Nyzhnekalmius (60 [[hectares|ha]]), and the
=== Climate ===
Donetsk's climate is moderate [[Humid continental climate|
{{Weather box|location = Donetsk (1991–2020)
|metric first = Yes
Line 240:
| year record low C = -33.5
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 38
| Feb precipitation mm = 31
| Mar precipitation mm =
| Apr precipitation mm = 38
| May precipitation mm =
| Jun precipitation mm =
| Jul precipitation mm = 52
| Aug precipitation mm =
| Sep precipitation mm =
| Oct precipitation mm =
| Nov precipitation mm =
| Dec precipitation mm =
| year precipitation mm =
| Jan humidity = 86.8
| Feb humidity = 83.7
Line 291:
| Nov snow days = 8
| Dec snow days = 16
| year snow days =
|source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name="pogoda">{{cite web |script-title=ru:Погода и Климат: Климат Донецка |language=ru |trans-title=Weather and Climate: Climate of Donetsk |publisher=pogoda.ru.net |url=http://pogoda.ru.net/climate/34519.htm}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210717143555/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Ukraine/12.6.%20WMO_Normals_Excel_Template%20%282%29.xls
| archive-date = 17 July 2021 |archive-format=XLS |format=XLS
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Ukraine/12.6.%20WMO_Normals_Excel_Template%20(2).xls
| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981–2010
| publisher =
| access-date = 18 July 2021}}</ref>
}}
Line 546:
[[File:DonetskCathedral.jpg|thumb|The reconstructed Transfiguration Cathedral in Donetsk]]
Donetsk's residents belong to religious traditions including the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ortodox.donbass.com/|script-title=ru:Донбасс Православный|trans-title=Orthodox Donbas|language=ru|publisher=ortodox.donbass.com|access-date=12 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629040340/http://www.ortodox.donbass.com/|archive-date=29 June 2007}}</ref> [[Eastern Catholic Churches]], [[Protestantism]], and the [[Roman Catholic Church]], as well as [[Islam]] and [[Judaism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://old.razumkov.org.ua/ukr/poll.php?poll_id=300|script-title=uk:Соціологічне опитування – Релігія: Віруючим якої церкви, конфесії Ви себе вважаєте?|trans-title=Sociological survey – Religion: Believers, which churches do you consider yourself to adherents of?|language=uk|work=[[Razumkov Centre]]|date=2006|access-date=5 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108233934/http://old.razumkov.org.ua/ukr/poll.php?poll_id=300|archive-date=8 November 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref name="Górak-Sosnowska2011">{{cite book|last1=Yarosh|first1=Oleg|last2=Brylov|first2=Denys|editor=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowka|title=Muslims in Poland and Eastern Europe: Widening the European Discourse on Islam|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dCAU6Bz5QIEC&pg=PA254|access-date=27 May 2016|year=2011|publisher=Katarzyna Górak-Sosnowska|isbn=978-83-903229-5-7|page=254|chapter=Muslim communities and Islamic network institutions in Ukraine: contesting authorities in shaping Islamic localities}}</ref> The religious body with the most members is the [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)]] and [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate|Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyivan Patriarchate]]{{clarification needed|date=June 2024}}.
In 2014, a leaflet carrying the signature of the "Chairman of Donetsk's temporary government Denis Pushilin" was distributed to Jews on the festival of Passover. The leaflet asked Donetsk's Jewish citizens to register themselves, their property, and their families to the pro-Russian authorities. The leaflet claimed that failure to comply with its demands would result in the revocation of citizenship and confiscation of property. The leaflet prompted confusion and fear among Donetsk's Jewish population, who saw echoes of [[the Holocaust]] in the leaflet.<ref>{{cite news|last=Margalit|first=Michal|url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4510688,00.html|title=Donetsk leaflet: Jews must register or face deportation|work=Ynetnews|date=16 April 2014|access-date=6 November 2022}}</ref> Pushilin denied any connection with the leaflets and called them a provocation.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pro-Russians in Donetsk deny calling for Jews to register |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/pro-russians-in-donetsk-deny-calling-for-jews-to-register/ |access-date=6 November 2022 |publisher=Times of Israel |date=16 April 2022}}</ref>
| |||