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Fasting is of no help in either preventing or treating cancer.<ref name=ACS>{{cite book |publisher=[[American Cancer Society]] |title=American Cancer Society Complete Guide to Complementary and Alternative Cancer Therapies |edition=2nd |year=2009 |isbn=9780944235713 |editors=Russell J, Rovere A |chapter=Fasting}}</ref> In 2011, the [[American Cancer Society]] recommended that people undergoing [[chemotherapy]] increase their intake of protein and calories. There is weak evidence that a short-term period of fasting may have benefits during treatment.<ref name=leec>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lee C, Longo VD |title=Fasting vs dietary restriction in cellular protection and cancer treatment: from model organisms to patients |journal=Oncogene |volume=30 |issue=30 |pages=3305–16 |year=2011 |pmid=21516129 |doi=10.1038/onc.2011.91 |type=Review|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/onc201191}}</ref>
=== Mental health and psychiatry ===
Fasting can help alleviate some symptoms of [[Depression (mood)|depression]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fond G, Macgregor A, Leboyer M, Michalsen A |title=Fasting in mood disorders: neurobiology and effectiveness. A review of the literature |journal=Psychiatry Res |volume=209 |issue=3 |pages=253–8 |year=2013 |pmid=23332541 |doi=10.1016/j.psychres.2012.12.018 |type=Review}}</ref> However the psychological effects may also include anxiety and depression.<ref name=unders>{{cite book|last1=Whitney|first1=Eleanor Noss|last2=Rolfes|first2=Sharon Rady|title=Understanding Nutrition|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=1133587526|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=Mib1CAAAQBAJ&pg=SA7-PA21|accessdate=22 January 2017|language=en}}</ref>
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