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{{short description|Hunting dog type}}
[[File:Man walking spaniel gun dog in tweed waistcoat after shooting.jpg|300px|thumb|Man walking a [[spaniel]] gun dog]]
'''Gun dogs'''
▲'''Gun dogs''', or '''bird dogs''', are [[dog type|type]]s of [[hunting dog]]s developed to assist [[hunter]]s in finding and retrieving game, usually quail, dove, or duck.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of GUNDOG |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gundog |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}</ref> The term hunting dog is broad and includes all breeds and skills of hunting canines, but a “gun dog” refers to canines that are trained to work alongside a loud firearm while hunting and/or retrieving game.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lumontod |first=Patrick |date=2017-10-03 |title=12 Types of Hunting Dogs and Which One You Need |url=https://topdogtips.com/types-of-hunting-dogs/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Top Dog Tips |language=en-US}}</ref> Gundogs are divided into three main categories: pointers and retrievers, setters and spaniels, and water dogs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gundog Breeds: Sizes, Personality & Behaviour {{!}} Purina |url=https://www.purina.co.uk/find-a-pet/articles/dog-types/breed-groups/gundog-breeds |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=www.purina.co.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref>
== Types ==
There are several
{| class="wikitable"
!Main category
!Type||colspan=2|Example
|-
| colspan="2" |[[
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[pointing breed|Pointing]]
|[[Pointing dog|Pointer]]s||[[Image:English pointer.jpg|none|100px]]||[[Pointer (dog breed)|English Pointer]]
|-
|[[Setter]]s||[[Image:EnglishSetter9 fx wb.jpg|none|100px
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Water dog|Water (flushing) dog]]
|[[Spaniel]]s||[[Image:Bojars's english cocker spaniel.jpg|none|100px
|-
|[[Water dog]]s||[[Image:waterdog_standard_poodle01.JPG|none|100px
|}
== Method of work ==
{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2023}}
Although classified according to method of work, gun dogs often have skills extending beyond the tasks outlined for their classification. Depending upon how they are trained, dogs may be useful in a variety of hunting situations. The methods described here are analogous to human-canine hunting going back tens of thousands of years.
=== Pointers and setters ===
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If a bird is downed, the dogs are instructed to search for and retrieve it with the command ''dead bird'', or simply ''dead''.
===
[[File:Flushing Spaniels.jpg|thumb|An English Springer Spaniel (Liver and White) and English Cocker Spaniel (Blue Roan)]]
When hunting [[upland game]], flushing dogs (spaniels and retrievers) work much more closely with the hunter. Flushers will not cover the same amount of ground as a pointing dog as the flusher must be kept within shotgun distance. Flushing dogs are often used on birds that run from the hunter. On such birds as [[common pheasant|pheasant]], an aggressive flush is necessary to spring the bird to wing. Flushing dogs excel on these types of bird because they do not point the birds, giving them little time for escape on the ground. [[Pointing breed]]s are used on such birds, but must be well trained to know when the bird pointed has moved.
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=== Retrievers ===
[[File:Labrador-retriever.jpg|thumb|A yellow male adult Labrador Retriever]]
[[Retriever]]s are typically used when [[waterfowl hunting]], although they can also be employed in hunting upland birds as well. Since a majority of waterfowl hunting employs the use of small boats in winter conditions, retrievers are expected to remain sitting calmly and quietly until sent to retrieve. As birds move into range, a well-trained retriever will watch and follow the handler's gun as he shoots, marking, and remembering each bird that is downed. This is called "marking off the gun", and the downed birds are called "marks". Retrievers often are expected to recall the location of many downed birds in one sitting before they retrieve game. Once the shooting has ceased, the handler commands the dog to retrieve each bird that has been downed. If a dog did not see the bird fall, a retriever takes direction from the handler, who can use hand and whistle signals to guide the dog to the unseen downed bird. This is called a "blind" retrieve. During a typical day of shooting, additional birds are frequently downed while the dog is performing a retrieve. Retrievers are taught to ignore these "diversions" until the current retrieve has been completed. Also at times multiple dogs are used on a hunt, and retrievers are also taught to "honor" another dog's retrieve by remaining calm and quiet while the other dog is working.
{{clear}}
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*[[Drentsche Patrijshond]]
*[[Cesky Fousek]]
*[[Poodle
*[[German Longhaired Pointer]]
*[[German Shorthaired Pointer]]
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{{Gundogs}}
{{Domestic dog}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Gundogs| ]]
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