Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Scottish author, philanthropist, and women's advocate}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}▼
{{Use British English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[The Most Honourable]]
| name = The Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair
| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|GBE}}
| image =
| caption = Lady Aberdeen by W.J. Byrne & Co., 1899
| birth_name = Isabel Maria Marjoribanks
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| children = [[George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair]] <br/> [[Marjorie Adeline Gordon|Marjorie Sinclair, Baroness Pentland]] <br/> [[Dudley Gordon, 3rd Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair]] <br/> Lord Archibald Gordon
}}
'''Ishbel Maria Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair''', {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|GBE}} (''[[née]]'' '''Isabel Maria Marjoribanks
==Early life==
Born in London, Isabel Maria Marjoribanks was the third daughter of the [[Dudley Marjoribanks, 1st Baron Tweedmouth|1st Baron Tweedmouth]] and Isabella Weir-Hogg (daughter of Sir [[James Weir Hogg]]).<ref name=MBJournal4/> A sometimes "anxious" child, she had enjoyed escaping to the
After a six-year acquaintance, she married John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, the [[John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|7th Earl of Aberdeen]] (later the 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair), on 7 November 1877 in St. George's Church, St. George Street, Hanover Square, London. The couple had four surviving children: [[George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|George]] (1879), [[Marjorie Adeline Gordon|Marjorie]] (1880), [[Dudley Gordon, 3rd Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair|Dudley]] (1883), and Archibald (1884).<ref>Anne-Michelle Slater, "The Noble Patroness Lady Aberdeen," in ''Learning from the Lasses: Women of the Patrick Geddes Circle'', Walter Stephen (Edinburgh: Luath Press Limited, 2014), 166. {{ISBN|9781910021064}}</ref> Lady Aberdeen's daughter has written that "Ishbel interpreted the duty of wife as one who not only provided for her husband a serene background in private life, but as one who also thought and fought for him in all his affairs."<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Saywell |editor1-first=John T. |title=The Canadian Journal of Lady Aberdeen, 1893–1898 |date=1960 |publisher=The Publications of the Champlain Society |page=15 |doi=10.3138/9781442618015 |isbn=978-1-4426-1801-5 }}</ref>
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Lord Aberdeen was a Liberal and a member of the [[House of Lords]], and Lady Aberdeen supported him by hosting social events. An intelligent and determined woman, she soon established her own political life as an activist. Because of political obligations, the family divided their time between London and their Scottish estate in [[Aberdeenshire]]. They called their home [[Haddo House]], and it was here that Lady Aberdeen began her involvement with social reforms. She organized a Household Club that held classes for servants to learn singing, carving, reading, and other activities. The Aberdeens often attended their servants’ evening socials and meetings, and in London society it was rumoured that they had even dined together. They also funded a local school and hospital—healthcare was a cause that Lady Aberdeen supported throughout her life.<ref>Slater, "The Noble Patroness Lady Aberdeen," 166.</ref>
Lady Aberdeen's influence also extended beyond her country estate. She established the Onwards and Upward Association, which provided servant girls with postal courses on topics ranging from geography to literature to domestic science. This program spread from Aberdeenshire to include thousands of servants.<ref>Slater, "The Noble Patroness Lady Aberdeen," 167.</ref> Lady Aberdeen founded the Aberdeen Ladies' Union, an institution to help young women in Scotland.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ottawa1.one/uk/eternal/rivni-prava-ta-mozhlyvosti-yak-naczionalna-rada-zhinok-v-ottavi-zminyla-stavlennya-do-slabkoyi-stati-2177 | title=«Рівні права та можливості». Як Національна рада жінок в Оттаві змінила ставлення до слабкої статі? - ottawa1.one | date=7 November 2022 }}</ref> In 1883 she became the first president of the Ladies’ Union of Aberdeen, an organization that focused on the well-being of young women living in cities. An Emigration Committee chose suitable women and sponsored them to move to the colonies, especially [[Canada]].<ref>Shackleton, ''Ishbel and the Empire'', 99.</ref> Lady Aberdeen was also the head of the Women's Liberal Federation, which advocated for women's suffrage.<ref>Val McLeish, "Sunshine and sorrows: Canada, Ireland and Lady Aberdeen," in ''Colonial Lives Across the British Empire: Imperial careering in the long nineteenth century'', David Lambert and [[Alan Lester]] (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 261. {{ISBN|9780521612371}}</ref>
Her commitment to housing improvement and fascination with the work of [[Octavia Hill]] is recorded by her daughter Baroness Pentland who wrote in a 1952 biography of her mother: 'In
==Time in Canada==
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==Later life==
[[File:Ishbel, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair - Ida Caroline Thoresen - ABDAG004711.jpeg|thumb|right|''Ishbel, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair'', by Ida Thoresen, 1935]]
Lord and Lady Aberdeen retired to their home in [[Scotland]], but continued to be involved in social causes. Together they wrote a memoir, ''We Twa'', that was published in 1925 to a positive reception and was followed by several expanded editions.<ref>Marjorie Pentland, ''A Bonnie Fechter: The life of Ishbel Marjoribanks'' (London: B.T. Batsford Ltd, 1952), 201, 202.</ref> ''The Canadian Journal of Lady Aberdeen, 1893–1898'', was edited by [[John Saywell]] and published by the Champlain Society in 1960, after her death.<ref>''The Man From Halifax: Sir John Thompson, Prime Minister'', by [[Peter Busby Waite]], Toronto 1985, [[University of Toronto]] Press, p. 527.<!-- ISBN needed --></ref>
In 1931, Lady Aberdeen presented to the [[General Assembly of the Church of Scotland]] a petition of 336 women calling for women to be ordained to the ministry, diaconate and eldership of the Kirk.<ref>Pentland, ''A Bonnie Fechter'', 207.</ref> This resulted in a special commission, which recommended only that women should be ordained to the diaconate. It was not until 1968 that the Church of Scotland passed acts allowing women to become elders or enter the ministry.<ref>{{cite web|title=Acts of the General Assembly ==Recognition==
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The [[Lady Aberdeen Bridge|Lady-Aberdeen Bridge]], which is the first bridge upstream to cross the [[Gatineau River]], in [[Gatineau]], [[Quebec]], was renamed in her honour. After falling through the ice at the confluence of the Gatineau and [[Ottawa River]]s, Lady Aberdeen was rescued by locals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.toponymie.gouv.qc.ca/ct/ToposWeb/fiche.aspx?no_seq=107019|work=Commission de toponymie du Québec|language=fr|title=Pont Lady-Aberdeen|publisher=Government of Quebec|access-date=19 October 2011}}</ref>
Lady Aberdeen is credited with introducing the [[Golden Retriever]] to Canada; her father, Sir Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks, 1st Baron Tweedmouth, a Scottish aristocrat, is best known as the originator of the breed.<ref>Baldwin, Lorna (7 August 2013) [https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/golden-retriever-gathering/ Golden Retrievers Go ‘Home’ for Gathering in Scottish Highlands] Public Broadcasting System, Newshour; retrieved 4 July 2014.</ref>
[[Aberdeen Avenue (Hamilton, Ontario)|Aberdeen Avenue]] in [[Hamilton, Ontario]], Canada, was named after Lord and Lady Aberdeen who lived on [[Bay Street (Hamilton)|Bay Street South]] between 1890 and 1898. They presided over the opening of the ''Hamilton Public Library'' on 16 September 1890.<ref name=HAMNAMES>{{cite book|title=Hamilton Street Names: An Illustrated Guide|first=Margaret|last=Houghton|publisher=James Lorimer & Co. Ltd.|year=2002|isbn=1-55028-773-7}}</ref> Aberdeen Avenue in Toronto is also named after them. Aberdeen Street in [[Kingston, Ontario]], is named for the couple; it is located near the [[Queen's University at Kingston|Queen's University]] campus. Her popularity in Canada led to her being given 18 elaborate tea sets by the Canadian government. This gift was nothing to do with her title or marriage and was purely because of her own work and impact.
She was the first woman to be made an honorary member of the [[British Medical Association]].<ref name=MBJournal4/>
The [[Ontario Heritage Trust]] erected a plaque for Lady Aberdeen 1857–1939 on the grounds of [[Rideau Hall]], 1 Sussex Drive, Ottawa. "Widely respected for her organizational skills and strong commitment to public service, Lady Aberdeen served as president of the International Council of Women from 1893 to 1939. During the Earl of Aberdeen's term as governor-general, she helped to form the National Council of Women of Canada."<ref>(2015) [http://www.heritagetrust.on.ca/en/index.php/plaques/lady-aberdeen-1857-1939 Plaque information
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[[Robert Gordon University]] has a campus building on its Garthdee campus named after her.
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===Bibliography===
*G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, ''The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant'', new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910–1959; reprint in 6 volumes, [[Gloucester]]: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume I, p. 18.
*G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, ''The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant'', new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910–1959; reprint in 6 volumes, [[Gloucester]]: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume XIII, page 209.
*Ishbel Gordon, [[doi:10.3138/9781442618015|''The Canadian Journal of Lady Aberdeen, 1893–1898'']], edited by John T. Saywell, Publications of the Champlain Society, № 38 (1960), {{ISBN|978-1-4426-1801-5|}}.
*Peter W. Hammond, editor, ''The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Volume XIV: Addenda & Corrigenda'' ([[Stroud, Gloucestershire]]: Sutton Publishing, 1998), p. 5.
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==External links==
{{Library resources box|by=yes|onlinebooks=yes|lcheading=Aberdeen and Temair, Ishbel Gordon, Marchioness of,
{{Commons category-inline|Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair}}
*{{UK National Archives ID}}
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[[Category:1857 births]]
[[Category:1939 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Scottish diarists]]
[[Category:19th-century Scottish women writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Scottish women writers]]
[[Category:British marchionesses]]
[[Category:Philanthropists from London]]
[[Category:
▲[[Category:British memoirists]]
[[Category:Dames Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Daughters of barons]]
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[[Category:Scottish suffragists]]
[[Category:British women memoirists]]
[[Category:Wives of knights]]
[[Category:International Council of Women people]]
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