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{{Short description|Radio system used by the U.S. armed forces}}
{{Unreferenced|date=April 2021}}
[[File:Joint Tactical Information Distribution System Users, 1990.jpg|thumb|320px|Joint Tactical Information Distribution System Users, 1990]]
The '''Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS)'''
The full development of JTIDS commenced in 1981 when a contract was placed with Singer-Kearfott (later GEC-Marconi Electronic Systems, now [[BAE Systems Electronics and Integrated Solutions|BAE Systems E&IS]]). Fielding proceeded slowly throughout the late 1980s and early 1990s with rapid expansion (following [[9-11|9/11]]) in preparation for Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan) and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Development is now carried out by [[Data Link Solutions LLC|Data Link Solutions]], a joint [[BAE Systems|BAE]]/[[Rockwell Collins]] company, [[ViaSat]], and the MIDS International consortium.
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JTIDS is one of the family of radio equipment implementing what is called [[Link 16]]. Link 16, a highly-survivable radio communications design to meet the most stringent requirements of modern combat, provides reliable Situational Awareness (SA) for fast-moving forces. Link 16 equipment has proven, in detailed field demonstrations as well as in the [[Airborne Early Warning and Control|AWACS]] and [[JSTARS]] deployment in [[Desert Storm]], the capability of basic Link 16 to exchange user data at 115
While principally a data network, Link 16 radios can provide high quality voice channels and navigation services as accurate as any in the inventory. Every Link 16 user can identify itself to other similarly equipped platforms at ranges well beyond what Mark XII
There are benefits to the full-scale implementation of the two key elements of Link-16: (1) the message "catalog" and (2) the specific radio waveform (i.e., frequency hopped, Lx-band CPSM, [[spread spectrum|spread-spectrum]] and [[
{{quote|In a typical theater of operations combat forces and elements that are deployed to gather information tend to be scattered, are not always associated with a single unit, may even belong to different services and are not always well coordinated.
==Origin and history==
JTIDS began with an advanced planning study sponsored by the Air Force [[Electronic Systems Division]] (ESD) Advanced Plans (XR) at L.G. [[Hanscom
The advanced planning study was well received both at MITRE and ESD and it was decided to pursue a practical design to see if these ideas could be translated into a usable system.
By 1970 an operating TDMA system had been constructed and ground stations were installed at Boston Hill in Andover MA, Millstone Hill in Groton MA, MITRE in [[Bedford, MA]] and [[Prospect Hill, Waltham, Massachusetts|Prospect Hill in Waltham, MA]].
In 1972 General Ken Russell, the AWACS System Program Office chief asked Ellingson if MITRE could support a 1973 demonstration of AWACS to key NATO personnel in Europe.
In 1973 the AWACS demonstration took place with interfaces to the British Linesman system, the French Strida II system, the NATO Ground Environment System in Germany and an element of the U.S. 407L Tactical Command and Control System in Belgium and 407L systems at Sembach and Neu Ulm in Germany. An Army NIKE site at the Fliegerhorst Caserne near Hanau Germany was also equipped.
During this period the name of the program underwent several iterations.
A second European demonstration of AWACS and JTIDS was conducted in 1975 under the direction of AWACS SPO Director Gen. (Larry) [[Lawrence A. Skantze]].
During this period contracts were awarded to [[Hughes Aircraft|Hughes Aircraft (Ground Systems Group)]] to develop a terminal suitable for operational use in AWACS and ground command and control systems and to Singer Kearfott Corporation, now BAE Systems, to develop a terminal suitable for fighter aircraft installation.
Ellingson was promoted to Associate Technical Director of the MITRE Command and Control Division in 1979, became Technical Director for the MITRE Communications Division in 1982 and in 1986 Technical Director for the MITRE Command and Control Division.
JTIDS was not created by a single individual. Rather it was the culmination of a group of individuals each having expertise in specific disciplines including but not limited to system engineering, operational analysis, cost benefit analysis, message standards, software development, communications, signal processing, vulnerability analysis, error detection and correction, antenna design, multipath analysis, electromagnetic compatibility mechanical engineering, navigation, specification generation and others.
In the ensuing years the program has transitioned from an intensive development effort to a more classical acquisition effort.
JTIDS is also used by other members of [[NATO]].
==See also==
*[[List of established military terms]]
*[[Glossary of military abbreviations]]
*[[Air Defense Control Center]]
*[[Combat Information Center]]
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==External links==
*[https://www.collinsaerospace.com/what-we-do/Military-And-Defense/Communications/Tactical-Data-Links/Multifunctional-Information-Distribution-System Collins Aerospace MIDS page]
*[https://www.viasat.com/products/link-16-tactical-data-links Viasat MIDS page]
{{Naval combat systems}}
{{USAF system codes}}
[[Category:Military radio systems]]
[[Category:Command and control in the United States Department of Defense]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 1980s]]
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