King's Printer: Difference between revisions

The '''QueenKing's Printer''' (known as the '''KingQueen's Printer''' during the reign of a malefemale monarch) is typically a bureau of the national, state, or provincial government responsible for producing official documents issued by the [[QueenKing-in-Council]], [[Minister of the Crown|ministersMinisters of the Crown]], or other departments. The position is defined by [[letters patent]] under the [[royal prerogative]] in various [[Commonwealth realm]]s.

The QueenKing's Printer for [[Canada]], so titled as to distinguish it from the equivalent position in each of [[Provinces and territories of Canada|the Canadian provinces]], is the individual in [[Ottawa]] responsible for the [[publishing]] and [[printing]] requirements of the [[QueenKing-in-Council|QueenKing-in]]-[[QueenKing's Privy Council for Canada|federal-Council]]. The [[Minister of Public Works and Government Services (Canada)|Minister of Public Works and Government Services]] is empowered by the [[Department of Public Works and Government Services Act]] to appoint the QueenKing's Printer for Canada on behalf of the sovereign.<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/sc-1996-c-16/latest/sc-1996-c-16.html| date=5 May 2008| title=Department of Public Works and Government Services Act| series=19.1-19.2| location=Ottawa| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2009}}</ref>

The [[Alberta]] QueenKing's Printer is the position, created in 1906, that oversees the administration of [[Crown copyright]] in the province, as well as publishing and distributing copies of legislation, regulations, and related material, including the ''[[Alberta Gazette]]'',<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.canlii.org/en/ab/laws/regu/alta-reg-44-1970/latest/alta-reg-44-1970.html| date=11 December 2008| title=Queen's Printer Regulations| series=2| location=Edmonton| publisher=Alberta Queen's Printer| accessdateaccess-date=5 October 2009}}</ref> in both [[hard copy]] and electronic forms. Such print and digital media is also distributed by the QueenKing's Printer to libraries around Alberta, as well as being sold at a dedicated bookstore in [[Edmonton]] and via the [[Internet]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.qp.alberta.ca/about_us.cfm| last=Queen's Printer| title=Queen's Printer > About Alberta Queen's Printer| publisher=About Alberta Queen's Printer| accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2009}}</ref> The QueenKing's Printer him or herselfthemself is appointed by the [[Lieutenant Governor of Alberta]]-in-[[Executive Council of Alberta|Council]].<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.canlii.org/en/ab/laws/stat/rsa-2000-c-q-2/latest/rsa-2000-c-q-2.html| date=1 January 2002| title=Queen's Printer Act| series=1| location=Edmonton| publisher=Alberta Queen's Printer| accessdateaccess-date=5 October 2009}}</ref>

[[File:Queen's Printer building, Victoria, British Columbia 14.jpg|thumb|QueenKing's Printer building in [[Victoria, British Columbia|Victoria]], [[British Columbia]] houses the offices for the QueenKing's Printer for British Columbia]]

In [[British Columbia]], the office of the QueenKing's Printer and Comptroller of Stationery for British Columbia, is a branch of the province's Procurement and Supply Services department, and not only supplies paper and electronic copies of all legislation, regulations, and related materials, including the ''[[British Columbia Gazette]]'', but also operates a book and gift store called Crown Publications,<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.crownpub.bc.ca/| last=Queen's Printer| title=Crown Publications| publisher=Queen's Printer for British Columbia| accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2009}}</ref> and provides to the public printing, copying, and binding services.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://pss.gov.bc.ca/pubs/publishing-services.html| last=Queen's Printer| title=PSS > QP Publication Services > QP Publishing Services| publisher=Queen's Printer for British Columbia| accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102194012/http://pss.gov.bc.ca/pubs/publishing-services.html| archive-date=2 January 2010| url-status=dead}}</ref> Once legislation in has been granted [[Royal Assent]], the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly must provide to the QueenKing's Printer a certified copy of the new law,<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.canlii.org/en/bc/laws/stat/rsbc-1996-c-394/latest/rsbc-1996-c-394.html| date=1 April 2004| title=Queen's Printer Act| series=3| location=Victoria| publisher=Queen's Printer for British Columbia| accessdateaccess-date=5 October 2009| ref=CITEREF_Elizabeth_II_{{harvid|Elizabeth II (British_ColumbiaBritish Columbia)_2004|2004}}}}</ref> as well as the journals of all sessions of the legislature.<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II (British Columbia)| 2004| loc=4.a}}</ref>

A QueenKing's Printer for New Brunswick is appointed by the [[Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick]] on the advice of his or hertheir [[Executive Council (Commonwealth countries)|Executive Council]],<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.gnb.ca/legis/bill/pdf/55/2/Bill-5.pdf| date=3 June 2005| title=Queen's Printer Act| series=2| location=Fredericton| publisher=Queen's Printer for New Brunswick| accessdateaccess-date=6 October 2009| ref=CITEREF_Elizabeth_II_2005{{harvid|Elizabeth II (New Brunswick)|2005}}}}</ref> and thereafter publishes the regulations, acts of the provincial parliament, and ''[[The Royal Gazette (New Brunswick)|The Royal Gazette]]'',<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II| (New Brunswick)|2005| loc=3.2}}</ref> and supplies them to libraries across the province and for sale to the public.<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II| (New Brunswick)|2005| loc=5}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/| last=Office of the Attorney General of New Brunswick| title=Departments and Agencies > Attorney General > Acts and Regulations > Queen's Printer| publisher=Queen's Printer for New Brunswick| accessdateaccess-date=6 October 2009}}</ref>

The Manitoba QueenKing's Printer for Manitoba was established in 1870. It isat the official source of Governmentfounding of Manitoba. statutoryThe publicationscurrent suchKing's as:Printer acts,is regulationsthe andDeputy otherMinister Legislativeof materialFinance, however the Manitobafunction Gazette,is thedelegated CCSMto (Continuingthe ConsolidationCommunications ofand theEngagement StatutesDivision of [[Manitoba) Finance]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://wwwoic.gov.mb.ca/queensprinterOICDocs/2022/01/President%20of%20the%20Executive%20Council.220118.Executive%20Government%20Organization%20Act.42022.pdf|title=ProvinceOrder ofin ManitobaCouncil -– Queen'sAssignment Printer|publisher=of Acts}}</ref> Under the Queen's Printer Act of Manitoba, the King's Printer has three roles:

{{main|QueenKing's Printer for Ontario}}

The QueenKing's Printer for Ontario holds Crown copyright in that province, and all material hence bears the mark ''© QueenKing's Printer for Ontario''.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.ontario.ca/en/general/004222| last=Office of the President of the Executive Council of Ontario| authorlinkauthor-link=Executive Council of Ontario| title=Copyright Information: © Queen's Printer for Ontario| publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario| accessdateaccess-date=5 October 2009| archive-date=18 October 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018051609/http://www.ontario.ca/en/general/004222| url-status=dead}}</ref> The department must, by law, print the ''[[Ontario Gazette]]''.<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.canlii.org/en/on/laws/stat/rso-1990-c-o3/latest/rso-1990-c-o3.html| date=1 January 2003| title=Official Notices Publication Act| series=1| location=Toronto| publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario| accessdateaccess-date=5 October 2009}}</ref>

The [[Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island]] appoints a QueenKing's Printer for the province,<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.canlii.org/en/pe/laws/stat/rspei-1988-c-q-1/latest/rspei-1988-c-q-1.pdf| date=19 May 1994| title=Queen's Printer Act| series=1| location=Charlottetown| publisher=Queen's Printer for Prince Edward Island| accessdateaccess-date=6 October 2009| ref=CITEREF_Elizabeth_II_1994{{harvid|Elizabeth II (Prince Edward Island)|1994}}}}</ref> who is an officer of the Department of the Provincial Treasury and is overseen by the minister of the Crown for that department.<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II (Prince Edward Island)| 1994| loc=2}}</ref> The QueenKing's Printer is required by law to publish the ''Royal Gazette'',<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II (Prince Edward Island)| 1994| loc=3}}</ref> as well as copies of all legislation, journals of the legislature, and other material printed as the cost of the [[Monarchy in Prince Edward Island|QueenKing in Right of Prince Edward Island]].<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II (Prince Edward Island)| 1994| loc=4}}</ref>

The Office of the QueenKing's Printer in [[Saskatchewan]] is based in [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]] and has the duty of publishing and distributing official copies of all legislation, regulations, and related material, including the ''[[Saskatchewan Gazette]]'', and any other publications ordered by the [[Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan]]-in-[[Executive Council of Saskatchewan|Council]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/index.cfm?fuseaction=content.display&id=E7EF18B5-F27F-45E5-98CDEC7359D9C917| last=Queen's Printer| title=Queen's Printer > About Queen's Printer| publisher=Queen's Printer for Saskatchewan| accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2009}}</ref> The QueenKing's Printer also holds Crown copyright on behalf of the [[Monarchy in Saskatchewan|QueenKing in Right of Saskatchewan]], and has the ability to release, in exceptional circumstances, such copyright on a one-time basis.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/index.cfm?fuseaction=content.display&id=78D82F52-0E92-4934-9C5521C6046079BF| last=Queen's Printer| title=Queen's Printer > Copyright| publisher=Queen's Printer for Saskatchewan| accessdateaccess-date=4 October 2009}}</ref> The Queen's Printer him or herselfthemself is appointed by the [[Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan]]-in-[[Executive Council of Saskatchewan|Council]].<ref>{{citation| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| url=http://www.canlii.org/en/sk/laws/stat/rss-1978-c-q-3/latest/rss-1978-c-q-3.pdf| date=1 April 2004| title=Queen's Printer's Act| series=2.1| location=Regina| publisher=Queen's Printer for Saskatchewan| accessdateaccess-date=5 October 2009| ref=CITEREF_Elizabeth_II_{{harvid|Elizabeth II (Saskatchewan)_2004|2004}}}}</ref> Once legislation in has been granted Royal Assent, the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly must provide to the QueenKing's Printer a certified copy of the new law,<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II (Saskatchewan)| 2004| loc=9.1}}</ref> as well as the journals of all sessions of the legislature.<ref>{{Harvnb| Elizabeth II (Saskatchewan)| 2004| loc=9.2}}</ref>

In Yukon, the QueenKing's Printer has been in existence since 1976. It performs its basic function as a legislative printer, comptroller of stationery, printer for the departments, publisher of The Yukon Gazette, and printer of the proceedings of the Legislative Assembly.

The holder of the letters patent has the nearly exclusive right of printing, publishing and importing the [[King James Bible|Authorized Version of the Bible]] and [[Book of Common Prayer]] within the United Kingdom's jurisdiction. There are three exceptions which apply to this right. One is that the office of QueenKing's Printer only extends to [[England]], [[Wales]] and [[Northern Ireland]]. Within [[Scotland]] the rights to the King James Bible are administered for the Crown by the [[Bible Board]], which holds the office of HerHis Majesty's sole and only Master Printers and which licenses the printing of the Bible, New Testament and Book of Psalms.<ref>Stair Memorial Encyclopaedia of the Laws of Scotland, Vol 7. The Crown, paragraph 851 "The Master Printer and the Bible Board".</ref> The other two exceptions are that separate sets of letters patent grant the [[Oxford University Press]] and [[Cambridge University Press]] the right to print and distribute the KingAuthorized JamesVersion of the Bible and the Book of Common Prayer regardless of who holds the office of QueenKing's Printer.

In 1767 Charles Eyre received a patent as the King's Printer and from 1787 [[Andrew Strahan]] operated with Eyre in the same role. Following Strahan's retirement in 1819 his nephews [[Andrew Spottiswoode|Andrew and Robert Spottiswoode]] continued to work as the King's Printer and were later to run the firms Spottiswoode and Co. and [[Eyre & Spottiswoode]]. From 1875 George Edward Eyre and William Spottiswoode were "printers to the Queen's most excellent majesty for Her Majesty's Stationery Office". In 1901 after the accession of King Edward VII the firm of Eyre & Spottiswoode was "re-appointed King's Printer".<ref>[https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Eyre_and_Spottiswoode Eyre and Spottiswoode], gracesguide.co.uk. Retrieved 18 November 2018.</ref><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27318 |date=28 May 1901 |page=3634}}</ref>

The current holder of the office of QueenKing's Printer is Cambridge University Press.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cambridge.org/about-us/who-we-are/queens-printers-patent|title=The Queen's Printer's Patent|website=Cambridge University Press|language=en|access-date=2018-07-25}}</ref>

The [[Office of Public Sector Information|Controller of HMSO]] is appointed by Letters Patent to the office of QueenKing's Printer of Acts of Parliament.

Section 92 of the [[Scotland Act 1998]] establishes the office of QueenKing's Printer for Scotland, and provides for it to be held by the QueenKing's Printer of Acts of Parliament. The QueenKing's Printer for Scotland is responsible for administering Crown copyright in [[Act of the Scottish Parliament|Acts of the Scottish Parliament]], Scottish subordinate legislation and works made by the Scottish Administration.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/46/section/92|title=Scotland Act 1998|website=www.legislation.gov.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.scot/Topics/Government/queensprinterforscotland|title=Queen's Printer for Scotland|firstlast=Scottish Government, St. Andrew's House, Regent Road, Edinburgh EH1 3DG Tel:0131 556 8400|[email protected]|date=19 December 2012|website=www.gov.scot}}</ref>

* [[United States Government PrintingPublishing Office]]

[[Category:Monarchy inof Canada]]